Transcript Atlantic

Atlantic regions
1.Region
2.Index
3.Basic Climate
4.More Climate
5. More Climate
6.St John’s, Newfoudland
11.More Halifax
7.More St John’s
12.Charlottetown, PEI
8.Fredericton, N-B
13.More Charlottetown
9.More Fredericton 14.Regional Impacts
15.Soils
10.Halifax, N-S
16.Natural Vegetation
17.Forests
18.Population
19.Reasons
20.Weather
21.History
22.Map
23.Bibliography
24.Pyramid
25.Bibliography 2
26.Landforms
Atlantic Region
Tony Won, Marlaina Stocco,
Terushige Saito, Abencio Balboa
Index of Climate
 Basic Climate of Atlantic Region
 Climate of Saint John’s, New
Foundland
 Climate of Fredericton, New
Brunswick
 Climate of Halifax, Nova Scotia
 Climate of Charlottetown, PEI
Basic Climate of
Atlantic Region




The Atlantic provinces are subject to the combined influences of
continental air masses and winds blowing in from the ocean. This
causes a variable climate, with sudden temperature changes and
frequent freeze-thaw cycles, even in the depths of winter.
Climate change in the Atlantic region has not followed the national
warming trend of the past century and, in fact, a slight cooling trend has
been experienced over the past 50 years.
In winter, snowfalls are often heavy, but the snow cover melts
completely several times over the course of the winter
In summer, it is warm, but not fiercely hot. Coastal cities are also
subject to the influence of the humid Atlantic air for the greater part
of the year. The closer you come to the ocean, the greater the sea's
moderating effect on temperatures: it tends to make summers a
little cooler and winters a little milder.
More about Climate of Atlantic
Region


Atlantic Canada is particularly vulnerable, however, to rising sea levels.
The significant impacts could include greater risk of floods, coastal
erosion, coastal sedimentation, and reductions in sea and river ice.
The cold Labrador ocean current and warm Gulf Stream current effect
the climate of Atlantic Region.
Climate of
Saint John’s, New Foundland

The climate of St. John is changing rapidly. The 20th Century has been the
warmest globally in the past 600 years with the 1980s and 1990s the warmest
decades on record
 The frogs are formed by the intersect of Labrador ocean current and Gulf
Stream current
 St. John gets the hardest hit by the storm
Average Temperature : 4.7 C
Total Precipitation : 1191 mm
Click here to see the weather or St. John’s.
This is a picture of a mall in Saint
John’s. It is flooding during the
Tropical Storm Gabrielle (2001)
Saint John’s,
Climate Graph
Saint John, Newfoundland
400
30
350
20
Aug
July
Sept
June
300
10
Oct
Nov
Apr
250
0
Dec
Mar
Jan
Feb
200
-10
Oct
150
100
Mar
50
Sept
Apr
May
Jan
Nov
June
Dec
-20
Aug
July
-30
-40
Feb
0
-50
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
June
July
Months
Aug
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec
Temperature (C)
Precipitation (mm)
May
Climate of Fredericton,
New Brunswick
 Fredericton enjoys a mild climate compared to most of Canada,
 Flooding occurs during the spring of most years on area rivers
and affects the city's low lying neighborhoods.
Average Temperature : 5.3 C
Total Precipitation : 885.2 mm
Click here to see the weather of Fredericton.
Fredericton’s
Climate Graph
Frederiction
400
30
350
July
20
Aug
June
Sept
May
300
10
Oct
Nov
250
0
Mar
Jan
200
Dec
Feb
-10
150
-20
Mar
Apr
100
May
June
July
Aug
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec
-30
Jan
50
-40
0
Jan
Feb
Feb
-50
Mar
Apr
May
June
July
Months
Aug
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec
Temperature(C)
Precipitation (mm)
Apr
Climate of
Halifax, Nova Scotia



Halifax's climate is less severe than might be expected
because of the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean. Winter
temperatures are higher and summer temperatures are lower
than those encountered in towns farther inland
Halifax has an eastern-maritime climate, with a short, warm
summer and a cold winter. Disturbed, changeable weather is
common throughout the year.
Sunshine is somewhat less common in Halifax than in most
Canadian cities owing to Nova Scotia's notorious fogs. Halifax
has over 100 days of mist or fog each year.
Average Temperature : 7.2 C
Total precipitation : 1356.1 mm
Click here to see the weather of Halifax
Climate Graph of
Halifax, Nova Scotia
Halifax
400
30
350
20
Aug
July
Sept
June
300
May
Oct
10
250
Nov
Mar
0
Dec
Feb
Jan
200
-10
Nov
150
100
Mar
Apr
Dec
Oct
May
June
Jan
July
Aug
-20
Sept
-30
50
-40
Feb
0
-50
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
June
July
Months
Aug
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec
Temperature (C)
Precipitation (mm)
Apr
Climate of Charlottetown,
Prince Edward Island
 There are a lot of precipitation and floods in Charlottetown
Average Temperature : 5.3C
Total Precipitation : 1173.4
Click here to see the weather of Charlottetown
This is a picture of
flooding in Charlottetown
Climate Graph of
Charlottetown, PEI
be
r
em
D
ec
be
r
O
N
ov
em
ct
ob
er
be
r
Se
pt
em
Ju
ly
ne
Ju
ay
M
M
Ap
ril
ar
c
h
Au
gu
st
y
Fe
br
ar
Ja
nu
ar
y
Charlottetown
400
30
350
July
June
September
April
250
10
October
November
0
December
March
January Febrary
200
-10
150
-20
March
100
May
April
June
July
December
November
October
September
August
-30
January
50
-40
Febrary
Months
D
ec
em
be
r
be
r
N
ov
em
ct
ob
er
O
r
m
be
Se
pt
e
Au
gu
st
Ju
ly
Ju
ne
ay
M
l
Ap
ri
h
-50
ar
c
M
Fe
br
ar
y
0
Temperature in (C)
May
Ja
nu
ar
y
Precipitation (mm)
300
20
August
Potential Regional Impacts in
Atlantic Region
 With the sea level rise anticipated in this region in the future,
storm surges may flood areas never flooded before.
 Changes in ice-free days could allow easier transportation by
sea and reduce the risk of iceberg impact on offshore structures.
 Many coastal communities in Atlantic Canada may face
increased flooding as a result of storm surges overflowing dykes
and sea walls.
 Icebergs that drift south in the Labrador Current may melt
sooner as the southern melt limit moves farther north.
 Tree blow down may increase in forests, as storms may become
more frequent and intense.
Atlantic Provinces:
Soils
Rock
by: Marlayna, Tony, Terushige, & Abencio.
Soil
made
Mostly
of
Rock.
Quick Time™a nd a
TIFF ( Unco mpre ssed ) dec ompr esso r
ar e nee ded to see this pictur e.
Quick Time™a nd a
TIFF ( Unco mpre ssed ) dec ompr esso r
ar e nee ded to see this pictur e.
Quick Time™a nd a
TIFF ( Unco mpre ssed ) dec ompr esso r
ar e nee ded to see this pictur e.
Podzolic
Most of the southern Maritimes (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and PrinceEdward-Island) are made up of Podzolic soil with a little bit of luvisole as
well. In the north (New Found Land and Labrador) the soil is mainly made
up of Podzolic with a little more Rock mainly on the shorelin es. Podzolic
soils are found under conife rous forests and have all their nutrients and
organic matter (mainly aluminum and iron), which normally would have
been found in the topsoil (horizon A), in the subsoil (horizon B) due to
leaching which is very common because of the rainy weather in the maritime
provinces. The luvisolic soil, found scarcely throughout the southern
Atlantic Provinces, develops under the forest-grassland vegetation found in
areas with a cool and damp climate. It is mainly made up of clay and is
therefore quite a bit more solid, but not as firm as the rock we find
throughout Newfoundland.
Hrizon B
Is darker
and Richer
than
Horizon A
due to
Leaching.
Luvisol
Soil made
Up mostly Of
ClayDenser due
To smaller
Particles.
Atlantic Provinces:
Natural Vegetation
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (U ncompres sed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
By: Marlayna, tony, terushige &
Abencio.
The natural vegetation and distribution of the forests is quite different between the lower Atlantic
Provinces (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Princ e-Edward-Island) and the higher province s
(Newfoundland and Labrador). The specific natural vegetation in the Maritimes is caused by the
differen ce in placement, soil types and of course the unique climat e of the area. First off, in
Newfoundland and Labrado r, most of the vegetation is Light Bo real- Forest and Ba rren. This
means that there are very scarcely placed forests of white spruce, clack spruce and tamarack in
the area. However, in some areas of the North-East an d South-West of Newfoundland and in the
North of Labrador there are areas whic h are Bor eal (predominantly forest) with white spruce,
black spruc e, bals am fir, jack pin e, white birch, trembling aspen, etc. The forests in this provinc e
have a variety of dif ferent tree types because of the soil and the amount of rain and precipitation
the area has. It is not good for growing smaller vegetation due to the immense amount of
leaching, but is v ery good when growing lar ge trees with deep roots because of the vast amount
of water availabl e to help them grow. Despite the cool, moist climat e, there are many barren
spaces in the north simply because of the soil being m ostly rock not permitting any forests or
vegetation of an y sort to be grown. In the three southern provinces, the weather permits the
budding and growt h of larger trees with deep roots due to the fact that the soilsΥnutrients are
found in the B horizon instea d of the A. This is the reason, as well as the very moist climate, that
you will find many Acadia n forests in these province s. The trees youΥdexpect to find here are
Red spruce, bals am fir, maple and yellow birch.
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (U ncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see thi s picture.
Acadian forests found in
Nova Scotia, New
Brunskwick and PEI. This
type of forest has many
different types of trees,
spaced closely together.
They are large, strong
trees, with thick trunks that
live a long time. These are
found in areas with rich soil
and a lot of precipitation.
Forests of
The
Atlantic
Provinces
by: Marlayna
Borial forests are found In
Newfoundland mostly. These
trees form big forests with
different types of trees in
numerous areas because of the
various soils.The trees in these
forests are very tall. There is
some barren land due to the
rock and clay soil in and around
the forests in the area.
The population of Atlantic
Region and each provinces
 The population of Atlantic Region was
2,340,665 on January 1st.
- Newfoundland; 514,409.
- Prince Edward Island; 138,157.
- Nova Scotia; 936,988.
- New Brunswick; 751,111.
Why people living in
Atlantic Region?
 Atlantic region is good fo r fishing, hinting, and
there are many forest. People cut trees to make
paper, furniture, pulp, cardboard, and etc. Also
this region is close to ocean, and has oil and gas.
There are two main off shore drilling rigs for
oil and gas in this region. One is around Nova
Scotia and one is around Newfoundland. Also
they have drills in the ocean and it very
expensive to drill from ocean but it will bring a
lot of money. So Atlantic region is good place to
live.
Weather
 The ocean helps the temperature to make milder or
cooler. Sometimes ocean bring the storms or bad
weather. Each provinces has own pattern of
weather. Newfoundland is one of the foggiest
places in the region, Nova Scotia is the warmest
because of the ocean's effect on the weather, and
in New Brunswick is ocean doesn’t effect the
weather because it’s farthest province in the
Atlantic region. P.E.I. is the only province that is
completely surrounded by water. P.E.I.'s weather
can change suddenly due to its' location in the
region.
History of Atlantic Region
 There are high population of British and
French people in the Atlantic Region,
because they came to Canada long time ago
and people started to living in this Atlantic
region.
Population density map
QuickTi meý Dz
Ç »Çµ êLí£ÉvÉçÉOÉâÉÄ
Ç ™Ç ±Ç ÃÉsÉN É`ÉÉÇ ¾å©Ç ÈÇ žÇ ½Ç …Ç ÕïKóvÇ ­Ç •
ÅB
 There are high population
density in around the
south of Atlantic region,
especially in the Nova Scotia,
P.E.I. and Newfoundland.
 In Newfoundland, There are
not many people on the south
and north-west coast. However
in the far east there is a part of
the island with a very high
density. In the southern
proinces, there are a lot of
people. However, the area with
the most people is Nova Scotia
where it is almost all blue
(high density).
Bibliography
VIA Rail Canada Inc, “Weather and climate for the Atlantic region” [Internet]
1995. Available :
www.viarail.ca [2006. May 26]
Author Unknown, “Regional Aspects of Climate Change” [Internet]
2002, February 12. Avaliable :
http://adaptation.nrcan.gc.ca [2006. May 26]
Population Pyramid
 This represent of the
population pyramid of
Atlantic region. There is
baby boom between age
Baby boom
of 30 to 60 and baby
Baby bust bust less than age of 30.
The babyboom echo is
not yet visible in the
maratimes.
Bibliography
 http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/060328
/d060328e.htm
 http://www.phacaspc.gc.ca/canada/regions/atlantic/Publicati
ons/Shifting_sands/1_e.html
 http://webacc.fsd38.ab.ca/schools/Gibson/m
ilz/geography/atlantic_maritime_sw/atlantic
_maritime1.htm