Transcript Georgia Geography - Mr. Rogers` 8th Grade SS Class

Georgia Geography
Created by Blair Weikel
Adapted by Megan Rainwater
AKS:
• describe Georgia with regard to physical features and location (GPS
SS8G1) (8SS_C2007-30)
– 30a - locate Georgia in relation to region, nation, continent and
hemisphere
– 30b - differentiate the five geographic regions of Georgia
including the Blue Ridge Mountains, Ridge and Valley,
Appalachian Plateau, Piedmont and Coastal Plain
– 30c - locate and evaluate the importance of key physical
features on the development of Georgia including Fall Line,
Okefenokee Swamp, Appalachian Mountains, Chattahoochee
and Savannah Rivers, and barrier islands
– 30d - evaluate the impact of climate on Georgia’s development
Lets get specific:
• What hemisphere is
Georgia located in?
– Northern Hemisphere
• What continent is
Georgia located on?
– North America
• What nation is
Georgia located in?
– United States of
America
Now, lets use our maps to
illustrate these locations.
• What region of the
USA is Georgia
located in?
– Southeast
My Example
North
Georgia
NORTHERN HEMISPHERE
North American
Continent
USA
West
Southeastern Part of
the USA
East
SOUTHERN
Hemisphere
South
Georgia’s Geographic
Regions
Created by Blair Weikel
Adapted by Meg Rainwater
Before we
begin…
• Using page 9 of your
book label the
following regions:
–
–
–
–
–
Coastal Plain
Piedmont
Blue Ridge Mountains
Ridge and Valley
Appalachian Plateau
Geographic Regions
On your map of
Georgia, color
each of the
Geographic
Regions.
Brown
Orange
Blue
Green
Coastal Plain
Yellow
Fall Line
Red Line
With your group, use pages 9-21 in your book
to fill in the chart below. You have 10 minutes.
Region/ Color
Code Each
A
R
B
P
F
C
What makes it Characteristics,
climate,
stand out from
geology
the other
regions
Economic
Goods/Services
Why would I
visit?
Appalachian Plateau
• Characteristics:
– Smallest in state
– Northwest corner of
the state
– Lookout Mountain is
located in this region
– Part of TAG Corner,
where Tennessee,
Alabama, and Georgia
meet
Appalachian Plateau
• Economic: Goods &
Services
– Hardwood forests
– Limestone
– Tourism to Lookout
Mountain, Cloudland
Canyon, Chickamauga
and Chattanooga
National Military Parks
(to see Civil War Battle
Sites)
– Smallest region
economically
Ridge & Valley Region
• Characteristics:
– Open Valleys
– Narrow Ridges
– Shale & Sandstone
Soil
– Limestone Ridges
– Pasture Land
– Orchards
Fall Line
Ridge & Valley Region
• Economic Goods and
Services
– Mining
– Farming
– Apples are famous in
Ellijay
– Carpet & Textiles are
located in Dalton, GA
– Dalton GA is the
CARPET CAPITAL OF
THE WORLD
Fall Line
• Characteristics:
– Southernmost portion of the
Appalachian Mountains
– Highest point in the StateBrasstown Bald, 4784 feet
above sea level
– First gold rush in the USA took
place here in 1828
– Highest & largest group of
mountains in the state located
here
– Precipitation is prevalent &
provides water for entire state
– Lots of erosion due to poor soil
– Beginning of the Appalachian
Trail
Blue Ridge
Region
Fall Line
Blue Ridge Region
• Economic Goods and
Services
– Tourism in the
Mountains
– Helen GA &
Brasstown Bald are
tourist attractions
– Hardwood forests
– Vegetable farming
– Apples
Fall Line
• Characteristics:
– Means “Foot of the Mountains”
– Most populated region of the
state
– Once home to plantations
– Gently rolling hills
– Heartland of the state know for
its red clay soil
– ½ of the state’s population
lives here
– Home to the state and regions
largest city: Atlanta
– Home to the state’s capital:
Atlanta
Piedmont
Region
Fall Line
Piedmont Region
• Economic Goods and Services
– Cars & planes are built here
– Peaches are grown here
– Cotton belt of the south before
the Civil War
– Wheat
– Soybean
– Corn
– Poultry
– Cattle
– Business and Industry flourish
here
– Atlanta is the regional
business hub of the Southeast
– Home to the states Airport
– Where several interstate
highways meet
– Home of Chattahoochee, Flint,
and Ocmulgee, and Oconee
River
Fall Line
• Characteristics:
– Geographic boarder
where rivers produce
waterfalls
– This is the ancient
coastline that GA use to
have when the ocean
levels were higher
– Divides GA’s water
sources:
• North of the Fall line,
people rely on surface
water or man-made
reservoirs
• South of the Fall Line,
aquifers allow people to use
wells
Fall Line
Fall Line
• Economic Goods and
Services
– Early settlers were
deterred in their
exploration due to all of
the waterfalls
– Later settlers and current
businesses use the
waterfalls to provide
power to their businesses
– Fertile soil and easy
power make a great place
to settle
– Cities like Augusta,
Milledgeville, Macon &
Columbus were formed
because cargo was
transferred form boats to
trains and wagons
Fall Line
Fall Line
• Characteristics:
– Forms Georgia’s boarder
with Florida
– Forms the Atlantic Ocean
Boarder
– 3/5 of the state
– Largest region
– Dougherty Plain= fertile
region where peanuts,
corn, and pecan trees
thrive
– Home to Savannah &
Brunswick
– Home to barrier islands
– Cumberland Island
– Continental Shelf: part of
the continent that extends
into the Atlantic Ocean
Coastal Plain
Fall Line
• Economic Goods and
Services
– Farming Hub of the state
– Onion farming (Vidalia
Onions)
– Fishing
– Peanut Farming
– Cotton Farming
– Vegetable Farming
– Tree Farming
– Center for Navel stores
– Savannah & Brunswick
Shipyards were liberty
ships were built during
WWII– Now, major ports in
the state
– Tourism hub of state
because of coastal towns
Coastal Plain
Fall Line
Georgia’s Physical Features
Created by Blair Weikel
Adapted By Meg Rainwater
Georgia’s Physical Features
• You will receive a
map of Georgia to
label several physical
features on the back
of the map, you will
draw a chart to fill in
about the features.
Fall Line
What states border GA?
–
–
–
–
–
FL
AL
TN
NC
SC
Okefenokee Swamp
• Means:
– Land of the Trembling Earth
• Where:
– Southeastern part of Georgia
– Outer coastal plain
• What:
– Second largest freshwater
swamp in the USA
• Covers ½ million acres
– National Wildlife Refuge is
home to more than 1000 types
of plants & animals
• Cypress trees dominate the
landscape
• Black bears, snakes,
alligators, armadillos, frogs,
deer, water birds
• Home to the Seminole Indians
Appalachian
Mountains
• Stretch from GA to Maine
– Southeastern end of the
Appalachian Mountain chain
lies within Georgia’s Blue
Ridge Region
– Brasstown Bald is the highest
point in Georgia
– One hundred million years of
erosion has worn away the
Blue Ridge Mountains, they
were once 75% taller than they
are today
• Mining put this region on the map
–
GOLD was discovered in Dahlonega in 1828!
• Home to the Cherokee Indians
• 436 mile waterway
– Creates the border between
GA and AL
– Supplies water for Atlanta
– Transportation artery has
carried cotton, delivered power
to textile mills, moved freight,
furnished hydroelectric power,
and provided drinking water for
the state
• Cherokee for “river of the
painted rock”
• Manmade lakes dot it:
– Lake Lanier
– West Pointe Lake
– Walter E. George Reservoir
Chattahoochee
River
Savannah River
• 314 mile waterway
– Forms the boarder between SC
and GA
– The only river in GA that flows
from outside the states
boarders
• Means, “blue water”
• Three manmade lakes are
along this river:
– J. Strom Thurmond
– Lake Lake Russell
– Lake Hartwell
• Savannah & Brunswick Ports
are located along the river
• Hernando de Soto was the
first European to “see” this
river
• What
– Interlocking chain of islands,
marshes, rivers, & tributaries
– Name reflects their purpose:
they protect the coast from
storms by blocking the coast
from winds, waves, and water
that could erode the mainland
– Form a barrier
• Significance?
– Early forts, were built here to
protect settlements
– Sea Islands are popular tourist
attractions
– Jekyll Island is primarily a state
park & Cumberland Island is a
national seashore.
– 2/3 of the barrier islands remain
wilderness sanctuaries
Barrier Island
Atlantic Ocean
• GA has 100 miles of
coastline along the
Atlantic
• Major economic
resource for the state:
– Tourism, ports, fishing,
wildlife refuges,
businesses
• Provides access to
intracoastal waterway
– 1000 mile inland
waterway that links New
York to Miami, FL
Mini Quiz
1.The Chattahoochee River forms a border between Georgia and this
state.
2.This feature flows along Georgia’s Eastern border.
3.This state borders GA to the South.
4.Gold was found in this area in the early 1800s. Today, tourists love
to come here.
5.The Savannah River forms a border between GA and this state.
6.This state borders GA to the Northwest.
7.Forts were built here to defend early settlements of Georgia.
8.This area is a National Wildlife Refuge with more than 1,000 plants
and animals.
9.This state borders GA to the Northeast.
10.This physical feature has tides.
11.This major river provides drinking water for Georgians and forms
part of the state’s western border.
a) Savannah River
b) Okefenokee Swamp
c) Appalachian
Mountains
d) Atlantic Ocean
e) Chattahoochee River
f) Barrier Island
g) Florida
h) Alabama
i) Tennessee
j) North Carolina
k) South Carolina
Climate!
30d.Evaluate the impact of climate on Georgia’s development
Created by Blair Weikel
Adapted by Meg Rainwater
Basic Definitions
• Climate - The day-today conditions and
changes over a period
of time. A regions’
climate remains stable
over time.
• Weather - Refers to the
day-to-day conditions and
changes in the atmosphere.
Weather varies constantly!
• Precipitation - The amount of
water falling to earth at a
specific place within a specified
period of time; "the storm
brought several inches of
precipitation“
• The lack of
precipitation over a
period of time that
results in water
shortages.
Georgia
•
•
•
•
Mild Climate
Four distinct seasons
Hot Summers
Highest temperatures
in state occur in July
• Moderately cold
winters
• Coldest temperatures
in state occur in
January
Why would the climate be
an economic boom to the
state?
•Companies are drawn to the state due to
employees enjoying the weather.
•Lower heating & air conditioning costs for
businesses.
•Fewer weather related injuries & absences.
•Longer growing seasons for crops.
• Brainstorm with the
class…
•Agriculture is a major industry employing 1
in 6 Georgians.
•Rainfall in Piedmont allows tobacco &
peanuts grow successfully.
•Cotton grows successfully in GA which was
once the states most lucrative (wealth
gaining) crops!
•Textile mills grew up here b/c of the cotton
crops.
•Forests grow rapidly for pulp and paper
industries.
•People like the weather and enjoy living
here!
Drought:
• How could a
DROUGHT effect
Georgia’s economy
adversely (in a bad
way)?
More Definitions
• Spawned when waters
if 80 F or more
.
transform
the heat
energy of tropical
waters into strong
winds and heavy waves
• Funnel shaped wind whirlwinds
that are dangerous cyclonic
wind that move in a
counterclockwise direction. As
they touch the earth, they
literally pull debris up into the
air.
• Global Warming is the term that
describes the raising of the
average temperature on earth
due to excess carbon dioxide in
the atmosphere. Researchers
are finding rising temperatures
and precipitation amounts as
results from global warming.
Global Warming:
What are some
concerns that you have
about Global Warming?
What are your solutions
to Global Warming?
Transportation!
• explain how the interstate highway system,
Hartsfield - Jackson International Airport and
Georgia’s deepwater ports help drive the state’s
economy (GPS SS8G2) (8SS_C2007-31)
• 31a - explain how the three transportation
systems interact to provide domestic and
international goods to the people of Georgia
• 31b - examine how the three transportation
systems provide jobs for Georgians
How do goods come into the state?
• Georgia is the center
for transportation in
the Southeast
because…
What transportation systems, located in
Georgia, lead to its economic success?
Hartsfield-Jackson
International Airport
Interstate Highways
Seaports of
Savannah, Brunswick
and St. Marys
The Interstate Highway Systems
• Atlanta is located
along the Interstate
Highway System
– 3 highways meet at
the city (I-85, I-75, & I20)
• These three
interstates crisscross
the state
• I-95 runs along the
Atlantic Coast
Hartsfield-Jackson International
Airport
• The busiest airport in
the world
• Handles close to
54,000 metric tons of
cargo a month
Savannah, Brunswick & St. Mary’s
Shipyard!
• Deepwater ports
handle enormous
loads of cargo
– Cars
– Containers
•
•
•
•
•
Fruits
Vegetables
Computers
Appliances
Etc
What are the benefits of Georgia’s
Transportation System?
•Provide state producers & service providers with
excellent ways to distribute their products to national
and international markets.
•Think GA Peaches in China
•Trucks carry shipments & containers to seaports &
airports
•Ships carry parts to manufacturers in other countries
•Airplanes carry people and products all over the globe.
•GA’s investment in transportation systems is a huge
factor in the states economic success!
•More jobs are available for GA residents!
Jobs…
• How do the
transportation
systems in GA
increase the number
of jobs in the state?
Jobs Grow:
• People are needed to:
– Drive, load, unload,
and service trucks,
planes & ships
• 16,000 jobs are
supported for every
$1 Billion of goods
exported