Transcript File - Mr. Nelson`s AP human geography

Topic: Population Distribution
Aim: In what ways is population distributed
throughout the world?
• Do Now:
1. How many brothers
and sisters do you
have?
2. How many did your
parents have?
3. How many did your
grandparents have?
People are NOT distributed evenly across the Earth.
Population is clustered in the mid latitude climates and
relatively sparse in the dry and polar climates or the highlands.
Why Study Population???
1.
2.
Kolkata, India
http://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=sc4HxPxNrZ0`
3.
The world population increased at
a faster rate during the second half
of the twentieth century than ever
before in history.
Virtually all global population
growth is concentrated in less developed
countries.
More people are alive at this time,
in excess of 6 billion than at
anytime in human history.
Demography:
• The study of human populations, particularly the size,
distribution, and characteristics of members of
population groups.
• Key Issues: Food supply, health and life expectancy,
status of women, and migration
Population Distribution
• Unevenly distributed, 3 major areas of high density,
China, India & Europe.
• Near water, oceans, seas, lakes or rivers, temperate, low
lying areas with fertile soils.
• 7 billion now, projected to rise to 9.3 billion by 2050.
• 6 countries will account for half the population- India,
Bangladesh, Pakistan, China, Indonesia and Nigeria.
What factors influence population
distribution?
• Environmental factors:
• What type of natural resources are in the area? Does
it have oil, or arable land or access to water?
– What is the climate like?
– Does it have capital resources such as
transportation and technology?
Population Distribution:
• Densely populated regions
– Low lands
– Fertile soil
– Temperate climate
• Sparsely Populated Regions
– dry lands
– wet lands
– high lands
– cold lands
Sparsely Populated Regions:
• Dry Areas: areas too dry for farming cover approximately
20 percent of Earth’s land surface. Deserts generally lack
sufficient water to grow crops.
• Wet Areas: areas that receive very high levels of
precipitation. These areas are located primarily near the
equator. The combination of rain and heat rapidly depletes
nutrients from the soil, hindering agriculture
• Cold Areas: much of the land near the North and South
poles,perpetually covered with ice (permafrost).
• High Areas: relatively few people live at high elevations
with some significant exceptions in Latin America and
Africa.
Egypt’s population distribution is closely linked to the proximity of water. In the
north, the population clusters along the Mediterranean and in the interior, along
the banks of the Nile River. (2004)
Ecumene:
• The portion of Earth’s
surface which is
occupied by permanent
human settlement.
• This has increased over
time
• 3/4 of people live on
5% of earth's surface
Population J-Curve:
This graphs depicts the actual growth in human population
from the beginning of agriculture until 2000!
Population Growth
The World and the Top 10:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
World
China
India
United States
Indonesia
Brazil
Pakistan
Bangladesh
Russia
Nigeria
Japan
6,602,224,175
1,321,851,888
1,129,866,154
301,139,947
234,693,997
190,010,647
164,741,924
150,448,339
141,377,752
138,898,084
127,690,000
Population Distribution:
Descriptions of locations on the Earth’s surface where
individuals or groups (depending on the scale) live.
Dot Map of World Population:
On this map, one dot represents 100,000 people
Countries are displayed by size of population rather than land area.
Countries named have at least 50 million people.
• Approx. 80% of world’s population lives in lessdeveloped countries (all of Africa, Asia [excluding
Japan], Latin America, and the island nations of the
Caribbean and Pacific.
• Two countries, India & Japan, each have over 1
billion people and account for 1/3 or the world’s
current population.
ASIA
AFRICA
Major Population Concentrations:
• East Asia: 1/4 of the
world’s population is hereChina with 1.3 billion.
• There are ribbon like
extensions in China along
the Chang and Huang rivers,
but most live on the east
coast.
• Other areas include Japan,
Korea
• Most people are farmers,
not city dwellers.
Major Population Concentrations:
• South Asia: the 2nd
major population cluster.
• Like East Asia there are
finger-like extension of
dense pop. that follows
the Ganges and Indus
rivers.
• There are 1.5 billion in
South Asia and India
recently passed the 1
billion mark.
• Bangladesh (size of Iowa)
with 141 million.
Major Population Concentrations:
• Europe: the 3rd in
population with 700
million.
• Europe is very urbanized
with 75% to 90% living in
cities.
• Europe’s population
distribution is not closely
tied to terrain, but more
closely tied to coal fields.
• Population density varies
from the highest in the
Netherlands to very low
in Iceland.
Southeast Asia:
• The world’s fourth-largest
population cluster, after
Europe, is in Southeast Asia,
mostly on a series of islands.
• Indonesia, which consists of
13,677 islands, is the world’s
fourth most populous
country.
• High percentage of farmers
in rural areas
• Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia,
Thailand, Singapore, New
Guinea, Malasia
Major Population Concentrations:
• North America: East Central US
and SE Canada equals ¼ the size of
the smallest Eurasian concentration.
• Unlike Europe, North America has
large areas of sparsely populated
regions.
• Megalopolis Boston to Washington,
D.C. which includes New York,
Philadelphia and Boston.
• Other major population
concentrations: Chicago, Detroit,
Cleveland, San Francisco, Los
Angeles and San Diego.
National Geographic - The Face of 7 Billion:
• http://ngm.nationalg
eographic.com/2011
/03/age-ofman/face-interactive