Transcript GebreMeskel-345-345_ppt

Participatory Land Use Planning
in
Pastoral Areas of Ethiopia
Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resource
Rural Land Administration & Land Use Directorate
In collaboration with ILC, SDC
WB conference on Land and Poverty - 2016
March 15,2016
BACKGROUND
Pastoral Areas cover in Ethiopia
cover around 60% of the land:
 Afar…….
Somali…
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Large areas of Oromiya & SNNP
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parts of Gambella
Found mainly along Eastern,
Southern and Southwestern
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Typically: arid /semi arid lowland
 Climate :Low & Erratic rainfall
b/n 0-700mm per yr
 High temp. reaching 50oc in
parts of Afar
 Variability of rainfall is high
Non-Pas./Agro Pas. Area
Pas./Agro Pas. Area
Land Use Planning …..
The Government of Ethiopia (GoE) has started developing :
• a land use policy for the country and
• different tools and processes for its implementation
•The long-term vision of the Government is
• To have in place comprehensive land use planning at
different administrative levels
which will provide a framework
– For integrated decision-making processes & implementation
– For more rational, best possible use of land and natural
resources.
– For restrictions on inappropriate use
Levels of land use planning in the context of Ethiopia
Level
NATIONAL
REGIONAL
M
E
S
O
ZONE,
WOREDA
L
SUB-BASIN
E
V
E
L
KEBELE &
COMMUNITY
Approx. scale
1:1,000,000
1:500,000
1:250,000
1:100,000
1:50,000
1:10,000
Objectives
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Land use policy
Land administration
Legal framework
National programmes
Establishment of National conservation areas
Facilitating LUP at Regional level
Capacity building
Land use policy
Land administration
Legal framework
Regional programmes
Facilitating LUP at lower levels
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Regulating land use and checking of
procedures
Land administration
Establishing technical services
Promoting dialogue
Translating strategies into action
Facilitating LUP at community level
Establishing protected areas
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Participatory Rural Appraisal
Village land use plan
Dialogue, negotiation
Implementation of land use plans
Responsible Institutions
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Ministries and Institutions
National Task Force
Inter-ministerial Coordination
Committee
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Bureaus and Departments
Regional Task Force
Inter-bureau Coordination
Committee
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Govt. technical services
Woreda Land Administration &
Use
Woreda Watershed / Range land
Development Team
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Kebele Development Committee
Land Resource Management Group
Cooperatives
NGOs
Bottom-up" planning
The scale given here is a guideline only and indicates the level of detail. The actual scale of maps depends on the actual size of the
planning area and on the purpose and context of the map. (FAO, 2014. Land Use Planning Guidelines - Ethiopia. FAO/MoA Technical
Cooperation Project TCP/ETH/3402.)
Participatory Land use planning in Ethiopia
Existing Participatory Land Use Planning manual
•was mainly focused on sedentary agricultural area of the
country and
•Doesn’t address the pastoral areas that cover almost 60% of the
land area of the country.
•So, GoE decided to prepare WPLUP manual for pastoral areas
in collaboration with partners who are working in Pastoral
areas (ILC, GIZ, Oxfam, with support from SDC and GIZ).
Why participatory land use planning for
pastoral areas ?
To Reconcile
-competing and conflicting land uses &
- short and long-term planning and manag’t
of resources required to balance different
land uses
Rangeland use demands planning at a
large scale (i.e. beyond or across village
boundaries)
The resources found in rangelands tend to
have multiple and overlapping uses.
Resources are strongly connected to each
other (e.g. water and grasslands)
local land users are best placed to make
decisions about land use.
WHY DIFFERENT LAND USE PLANNING APPROACH IN
PASTORAL AREAS?
Approach
Non Pastoral Area
Pastoral Area
Land unit
More intensive, over relatively small land
units, which can usually be used and managed
in section
Extensive and takes place over a large land unit,
which needs to be used and managed as a whole
Land Use
It is usually the case that one land use occurs
at a time and on apiece of land
Multiple use is common and not clearly defined
e.g. Livestock rearing and collection of gums and
resins
Land
Users
Due to one land use, there tends to be only
one land user at a time
Due to multiple use there tends to several sets of
land users at a time
Managem
ent
Individual Management of resources and
related decision making is normal
Communal management of resources and decision
making is normal .So Important to plan
communally.
Settlement
Land users tend to stay in one place (on their
land) and use land ‘constantly’
Land users tend to move, using land /resources on
a seasonal and/ or on a temporary basis
Climate
Tends to be steady and predictable so
planning is relatively easy
Tends to be variable and un predictable
planning is difficult, requiring flexibility
Resources
Are fewer, less complicated, and can be more
easily managed as individual components
Rangeland resources are many different types,
complex, are fragile but robust, and naturally
well- interconnected.
so
Pastoralists do plan
Community-level planning in pastoral areas
•There is a common perception that pastoralists do not plan,
•However, LUP is a lifelong practice for pastoralists,.
•Plans of pastoralists tend to be verbal,
•Pastoralists plan for a number of reasons including
 to decide on and manage different land and resource uses;
 to decide on and manage the access and use arrangements of
different users;
 to facilitate mobility;
 to conserve sacred sites; and
 to prevent and resolve conflict.
The planning unit
In consideration of the above,
Most appropriate unit for PLU planning in pastoral areas is the
woreda or district.
The main reasons are the following:
– Admin. boundaries should be used to define the unit
Current admin. units are national, region, zone, woreda
(district) and village (kebele).
– The unit needs to be as close to and supportive of current
landholding and/or management units of local land users
– For the process to be ‘participatory’
• the unit needs to be of a size that will allow effective
inclusion of different stakeholder groups
The process
Key components of the WPLUP process include:
•A multistakeholder team including regional and woreda
government land experts, a representative from each kebele,
stakeholder groups e.g. pastoralists, women, youth (divided up into
sub-teams)
•An early step of participatory mapping of the rangeland and
rangeland resources by communities, to determine rangeland unit
and whether it crosses woreda boundaries – if this is the case then
woreda should plan together to keep rangeland unit intact
•Socio-economic and land capability information collected
•A land capability classification adapted to drylands
•Land use plan developed through problem/solution identification
with communities – strong ownership by government and
communities
Status of WPLUP in pastoral areas of Ethiopia
• Draft manual of WPLUP for Pastoral area is prepared with
different stakeholder participation and commented and improved
• Training provided to Regional and Woreda experts where the
piloting is done.
• Currently Pilot testing of pastoral LUP manual is near to be
completed.
• The manual will be improved and finalized.
Capacity of the regions to expand the implementation process will
be developed
The cost of the land use planning at Woreda level will be clearly
determined.
 Donors will be sought to support the process
 Afar regional state is preparing to implement it in its regular
program.
 WPLUP is a key output for Ethiopia’s GTP II
Thank
You