Transcript Relics of wine-culture in Sajó

Relics of the wineculture in the
Sajó valley,
Hungary
Dr. Csuták, J. wineknight
LEONARDO MEETING ÓZD,
11-13. APR. 2014.
Motto:
„ Wine cultivation in
Carpathian basin is
not only tradition, but
also the valuation of
civilisation, as well.”
(G. Csávossy)
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley –
Drainage area of the River Sajó
1. Search in the
Sajó-valley
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley–
Wine-regions of Hungary (2012)
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley–
ecological conditions of wine growing
„ In the Carpathian basin till 250-300
m height above sea-level, wines
with excellent quality can be
produced on the South- and SouthHystorico-geography west-facing hills. On the other
of the Carpathianlocations, border of viticulture
basin’s grape- and
extends to lower levels, only….
wine-culture
The Carpathian basin is situated
near to the Northern clymatic
cultivation border of grape.
The fact that excellent quality of
grapes (and wines) are produced in
the Carpathian basin, is mainly due
to mountain chain encircling the
basin.”
Boros, László:
(Teacher of Highschool in the city of
Nyíregyháza)
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley–
- Questions Questions /
answers:
questionable
Some signs of the present
activity
 the future
of the wineculture?
Possible future
100 years old cellars
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley
studied area
Studied region:
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Settlements in
the Sajó-valley
Other connecting
valleys
The environs of
Rimaszombat
The environs of
Rozsnyó
The environs of
Edelény
More important settlements and regions: Rozsnyó;
Pelsőc; Tornalja; Vály-valley; Gömörszöllős; Putnok;
Sajókaza; Bánhorváti; Sajószentpéter; Alacska;
Parasznya; Pitypalatty-valley; Edelény;
Borsodszirák; Sajóecseg; Szirmabesenyő;
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley
Reminiscences of the past No.1.
Written reminiscences:
 The town of Putnok was the earliest written reference to grapeproducing in Gömör County (1338),
 After this time, a large number of written references to grape have
appeared from the villages Berzét-Kőrős, Otrokocs, Alsóvály during 1415. centuries,
 In the 19th century region of Gömör-Kis-Hont was attached to Gömör
county, therefore the area of viticulture in the new county reached 830
cadastral acre,
 According to native of the region, P. Magda „Most and best wines are
produced in Putnok; good table-wines are from Ragály, Kelemér,
Zubogy, Uza-Panyit, Rima-Szombat, Hajnáskő”.
 Going along the river from North, there are wine-gardens with high and
good quality in villages: Jólész, Sajógömör, Hubo, Hanva, Kövecses,
Sajó-Keszi and Náprágy.
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley –
Reminiscences of the past No. 2.
 Fényes, Elek: important free, decimal, as well as manorial wine-yards
cultivated by common nobles;
 Along the little river Rima, villages Rimapálfalva, Zeherje
Felsőpokorágy, Felsőszkálnok and Sid are mentioned as grape and
wine producing settlements
 In the Szuha-valley, Trizs, Ragály, Zubony, Poszoba, Kelemér are the
grape producing settlements. In the present name of the earlier
Poszoba (Gömörszőlős; szőlő=grape), grape has appeared.
 Vályi, András: About wines from Szuha-valley: „According to its
bouquet, it is very similar to wines from Nagy-Hont, which are paid for
at a good price by the towns of mining region”.
 Borovszky, Samu in his monograph of Gömör-Kis-Hont county:
 Significant grape producing area in the Balogvár-estate of prince Coburg
Philippe
 Produced grape varieties: kadarka, fekete gohér, gyöngy gohér
hársrslevelű
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley –
Reminiscences of the past No. 3.
 19th century :
 A lot of cold and devastating rain made huge losses in wine-
yards in Gömör Region.
 In many cases, extinct wine-yards have not planted again.
 In Borovszky’s monograph is written: „In villages of
southern Rima-valley, as well as in Gortva- and Szuhavalleys as far as the border of Nógrád county cultivation of
apple and plum and especially on the site of old grape
gardens production of cherry are carried on in large
measure”.
 The gratest calamity here also was the Phylloxera
invasion
 Borovszky: „ However, in Gömör county, Phylloxera totally
damaged grape-yards, recently a lot of very beautiful plantings can
be seen on the hills of Ajnácskő, Serke and Putnok” - …
 Serédy counts: assortment and graft store in Putnok
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley –
Reminiscences of the past 4.
From Putnok to Miskolc
Sajószentpéter
 Land property of János Hunyadi with significant grape plantings
and then cellars
 Significant transfer of wine-exports
 Significant wine-market
 Taverns in the ownership of the Jews
Szirmabesenyő
 From the 16th century, winery-estates possessed by Rákóczi-
family; large cellars of Prince Gy. Rákóczi
 Market of the town Miskolc was significant buying up place of fruits,
grapes and wines
 Exports
 After Phylloxera invasion:
 Plantation of „direct-producing” grapes – weak wine
quality
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley–
legendary memories
King Matthias
in Gömör
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley–
indications of wine-culture
Arms of settlements in the valley
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley–
Régi pincék nyomában
Felsőnyárád- field
Cellars from the 1700’s
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley–
recent cellars
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley–
Foregoing experiences 1.
 Along the upper reach of the river:
 Dr. F. Tóth wine-grower – Rimaszombat-Vály (Slovakia): almost
irreversible effect of socialist agriculture
 Recently, some expansion of grape-yard in Vály-vally can be seen;
there is a lot of work to do
 Fields in Hungary:
 General opinion: „It is not worth the trouble” – this opinion is in
proportion to the number of Gipsy people
 Stagnation – slow destruction, slow development (Sajószentpéter,
Szirmabesenyő, Sajóecseg)
 Weak revival : Pitypalatty-valley, Alacska

Events, festivals – wine competition on communal levels
 Flowering wine-yards – good wines: Edelény / Császta-hill
 Wine-competitions on wine-growing region level
 Experimentation – replantation of old Hungarian varieties
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley–
Possible reasons of the present (statuses) states
 Historical reasons
 Phylloxera-plague – unsuitable replantation
 War damages
 Special damages of socialism
 Aggressive
organisation of agricultural co-operatives
together with its all burden
 Heavy-industrial facilities in the valley – settling of
foreigners with identity unfamiliar with grape growing
 Economical reasons
 Level of the present economy – disinterest
 Social reasons
 Structure of population
 Lack of leading personality
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley
Is there any way out?
 Edelény – Császta-hill
 Wine-yard community formed ten years ago.
With social voluntary collaboration:
 (Introduced power – work became easier
 Bell-town was renovated from donations of private
individuals – storm warning
 Construction of the Painful Way together with the
Golgotha – common place
 patronal festival, celebrations, wine consecrations
 Young people came to the hill, they are interested in wine
growing
 Personal and common achievements
 Stipulation: leading personality
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley–
Is there any way out?
E.g. wine celebrations and competitions
Wine celebration in
Sajóbábony
Open air wine celebration
in Parasznya
Wine competition
In Edelény
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley Is there any way out? - Order of Wine-knights: help to
change mentality
Pinot-noir evening, 2012 – Berlioz’s music.
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley Is there any way out? - Order of Wine-knights: help to
change mentality
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley
Is there any way out? - Order of Wine-knights: help to
change mentality
Cross dedication at
the remains of Monastery
of Ordo Sancti Paulis
Kurityán, 2012.
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley Is there any way out? - Order of Wine-knights: help to
change mentality
Wine-road in the South-Land
at Mr. O. Maurer
2013.
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley Is there any way out? - Order of Wine-knights: help to
change mentality
Wine-road in Transylvania, ‘13
Relics of wine-culture in Sajó-valley Is there any way out? - Order of Wine-knights: helps
to change mentality
Wine dedication – 2013. John’s name-day
Many thanks for
Sajó-valley’s
attention