Transcript Imperialism
Objectives: 1. What is imperialism? Who was involved? 2. What were the main motives behind imperialism? “I think what God would like me to do is paint as much of Africa British Red as possible.” -Cecil Rhodes, Founder of the De Beers Mining Company. ‘New’ Imperialism New Imperialism "…They resemble us, but in appearance are the colour of pumpkin-porridge… They are rude of manners and without any graces or refinement. They carry a long stick of fire. With this they kill and loot from many nations." -Zulu impression of first white men, taken from Zulu epic poem. Imperialism: The extension of a nation’s power over other lands. What is it? • the extension or imposition of one state’s power over that of another state or area Old Imperialism •17th Century (1500s on) •European •Motives: Gold, God, Glory •Mercantilism New Imperialism •19th-20th Centuries (1860s-1900s) •European & American •Motives: R.I.P.E.E. •Territorial Gain Groups: Brainstorm 3 Causes • What are the major motives behind Imperialism? • In your groups brainstorm 3 main motives • Be able to explain your motives within the context of the time period – What is going on around the world at this time? Motives of Imperialism • Religious – Christian missionaries spread their religion – Educate cultures • Ideological – other cultures are “primitive” or “inferior”, (White Man’s Burden) – Social Darwinism • Political – Power, prestige, competition, nationalism • Exploratory – Investigate “unknown”, scientific advancements • Economic – industrialism, need for materials Which motive do you feel is Most Significant? Why did Europe lead the way in imperialism in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s? • Nationalism – Unified Euro Nations (France, G.B., Germany, Italy) – Build up nations through industrialization • Industrialization – More natural resources to power industries! – Other continents = a fresh supply of resources Forms of Imperialism • Colonies: a settlement of people living in a territory controlled by foreign country by trade and direct government control. -(example: the British in South Africa) • Protectorates: a political unit that depends on another government for its protection. -(example: Vietnam to France) • Spheres of Influence: an area in which a foreign power has been granted exclusive rights and privileges, such as trading rights and mining privileges. -(example: Germany in China) What were the effects of New Imperialism? 1. Competition • • European nationscontrol of Africa & Asia Example: “Scramble for Africa” 2. Spread of European ideals • • (language, religion, political and economic control) Social Darwinism = an “excuse” for expansion. • Social Darwinists argued that social progress came from “the struggle for survival” as the “fit”- the strong- advanced while the weak declined. 3. Resistance to imperialism • • • Inhabitants of colonized nations = angry! Leads to armed conflicts Rise of nationalism from original inhabitants Imperialism in Asia What examples of “modern imperialism” exist today? Imperialism in Africa & Asia • Dominated by Europe • Christianity missionaries sent to “civilize the uncivilized” through Christianity • The Suez Canal was completed by the French in 1869 to connect the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea. • American opening of Japan to trade. • As European nations raced to claim land in Africa, conflict arose. To settle these conflicts, European nations met in Berlin, Germany in 1884. This meeting became known as the Berlin Conference. 2014-2015 School Year • NOTE TO STUDENT: Class notes stop at this slide, do not continue further!!!! Looking Ahead… • Visual Investigation • What motives are represented in the images? Group Mini-Project • Various regions controlled by imperial pwrs • OveralEvents and Impacts • Goal: – overview of imperialism and impact in each region New Imperialism: Africa, Middle East, India, China • Overview of Imperialism in a region • Include: – Name of Imperial Power, time period – Geography (maps) – Key Events/Terms (see chart) – Causes/Effects of conflicts or wars • Present information in creative format: – Engaging – Responsible for relaying info. to classmates Key Terms to Include Africa •*Missionaries •*Scramble for Africa •*Berlin Conference •*Boer War •Cape to Cairo •SegregationSouth Africa Middle East •*Suez Canal •*Sykes-Picot Agreement •*Balfour Declaration •*Oil production & companies India •*Decline of Mughal Empire •*British East India Company •*1st Indian War of Independence •*British Raj China & Japan •Weakness of Qing Dynasty •*Opium War •*Open Door Policy •*Boxer Rebellion •*Meiji Restoration (Japan) Suggested Resources • Textbook- chapter 12 • Encyclopedia Britannica – http://www.britannica.com/ • NY Regents Overview pages – http://regentsprep.org/Regents/global/the mes/imperialism/index.cfm