Transcript Where in the world is the state of Georgia

Where in the world is the state
of Georgia
Essential Question
How do you use maps to
gather information?
Essential Question
Physical Maps
Physical maps
show geographical
features such as
mountains, forests,
deserts, and bodies
of water
Political Maps
Show the
boundaries of
countries, states,
and provinces.
Distribution Maps
Show population
density, amount of
rainfall, and
manufacturing
Map Key or Legend
A map key or
legend explains the
meaning of
symbols and colors
on a map
The key also tells
you the scale used
Maps and People
Maps are useful tools for gathering
and displaying information.
Think of a map as a picture that can
show landforms, population,
weather, and economic activities.
Maps can put a lot of information
into a small space.
Hemispheres
The world is divided into 4
hemispheres: (Northern/Southern)
(Eastern/Western)
Georgia is above the Equator and to
the West of the Prime Meridian::
Which two hemispheres can GA be
found in?
Hemispheres
Hemi=half
Continents
There are 7 continents in the world:
North America, South American,
Europe, Asia, Antarctica, Africa, and
Australia
What continent is Georgia found on?
Nation
What nation do you live in?
Nation = Country.
The definition of nation is A
relatively large group of people
organized under a single, usually
independent government; a
country.
What are the major regions of our
nation
West
Midwest
South
Northwest
What region is Georgia in
South
Southeast
Sunbelt
What makes an area a land region
A land region shares 1 or more thing
in common.
Geographic Region: shares similar
land in the same location.
Political Region: man made
boundaries and government.
What is Absolute Location
Absolute location is exact location
using latitude and longitude.
Always name the latitude coordinates
first.
What is relative location
Relative location is not exact.
Relative location is given in
comparison.
I live near Kennesaw Mountain
Rural
Country
Low population
Counties of South Georgia
Urban
City.
High population.
New York City.
How would you describe
the physiographic
regions of Georgia?
Essential question
The Land of Georgia
Georgia is #24 in land area of the 50
states.
Georgia has more than 58,900
square miles of land.
300 miles north to south. 250 miles
east to west.
****Alaska is the largest state in the
USA, Texas is #2, and Rhode Island
is the smallest.
Georgia’s Landforms
Landforms: land with elevation found
on the surface of the earth.
Georgia has hills, mountains, valleys,
and plains
How would you describe the
elevation of hills, mountains, valleys,
and plains?
Physiographic Region
Physiographic = “physical features.”
A physiographic map is one that
shows the earth’s physical features.
Book page 458: here is a map of
Georgia’s physical features.
There are five major regions in
Georgia.
Georgia’s Regions
Georgia is divided
into 5 regions
based on soil type
and land formation
Appalachian
Plateau
Ridge and valley
Blue Ridge
Piedmont
Coastal Plain
The Coastal Plain
The coastal plain covers about 60%
of the state, and it is the largest of
the physiographic regions
The Coastal Plain is very flat
Coastal Plain
The Coastal Plain at one time was
the floor of the ocean (continental
shelf). As the level of the ocean
dropped the continental shelf
became the exposed land.
Continental Shelf
Coastal plain
The coastal plain used to be the floor
of the ocean: even today the soil is
sandy and fossils of sharks and other
sea animals can be found
The inner coastal plain has fertile
soil.
Georgia’s coast is short. It is less
than 100 miles long.
Coastal plain- Live oaks
Coastal Plain is full of many things
Swamps
Rivers and streams
Estuaries (the area around a rivers
mouth where fresh and salt water
mix)
Small chain islands
Large coastal islands
The Piedmont
The Piedmont is a French word that
means at the foot of the mountainsin this case the Appalachian
Mountains.
Marietta, Georgia is located in the
Piedmont.
The Piedmont is covered Georgia Red
Clay.
Soil in the Piedmont
The Piedmont
The Piedmont is covered in Red Clay
soil. Much of the original topsoil was
lost to erosion during the time when
farming was the main activity.
The soil of the Piedmont is clay and
rock, and the water supply comes
from reservoirs or man made lakes
(examples Lake Lanier/
Chattahoochee River/ Lake Allatoona
Atlanta is the largest city in the
Piedmont
Plateau: a broad flat area on high
ground
Appalachian Plateau
Georgia’s smallest physiographic
region. It is only about 300 square
miles in the northwest corner of
Georgia.
Sand mountain and Lookout
mountain can be found in the
plateau.
Made of sedimentary rock.
Forests and pasture land.
Ridge and Valley
Ridge and Valley
Part of a region that stretches from
New York to Alabama.
It has long ridges and rolling valleys.
Elevation ranges from 700-1600
feet.
The land is used mainly for forests
and pastures.
Blue Ridge Province
Blue Ridge Region
Part of Appalachian mountains,
which stretches from Georgia to
Pennsylvania.
Brasstown Bald is Georgia’s highest
mountain. 4,784 feet.
Many rivers and plentiful rainfall.
Only small farms that grow apples
and corn.
What are Georgia’s
important
ecosystems?
Essential Question
Georgia’s Key Physical Features
Georgia’s ecosystems include
– Barrier Islands
– Coastal Wetlands (freshwater and
saltwater)
– Rivers and lakes
– Mountains and foothills
Barrier Islands ***
The islands located
off the coast of
Georgia are called
barrier islands
because they
– 1:protect the main
land from damaging
effects of storms
– 2: protected
mainland from
enemy invasions
Barrier Islands of Georgia
Today the Barrier Islands of Georgia are
popular vacation spots.
St Simmons: a popular vacation spot and
home of James Oglethorpe (founder of
GA).
Jeykll Island: Once owned by 100
millionaires.
Tybee Island: Used for scientific research.
Blackbeard Island: Used by the pirate to
bury treasure.
Sea Island: Location of Cloisters resort,
national summit.
Cumberland: Largest and best preserved
of all the islands.
Barrier Islands connected to
mainland
St. Simmons, Jekyll, Tybee are all
connected to mainland GA.
The only way to reach the other
Barrier Islands is by boat or
helicopter.
Sea Island
Sea Island is only 5 miles long by 2
miles wide, but is home to the
famous Cloister Resort.
St Simon’s Island
Jeykll Island
Tybee Island
Coastal Wetlands
A wetland is an area of low lying land
covered by water All or Part of the
time. Georgia ranks #4 in wetlands.
There are two kinds of wetlands
– 1: freshwater- found along rivers and
streams and near the coast.
– 2: saltwater- commonly called marshes.
Okefenokee Swamp ***
The largest fresh
water wetland in
Georgia.
The mysterious
swamp of 412,000
acres is the second
largest swamp in
the US.
Fresh Water Wetland***
Twice each day, Atlantic Ocean tides flood
coastal rivers, streams, and estuaries. For
several hours, the land is covered with
salt marsh grass. For several hours the
land is covered with salt water. Little
vegetation can survive except salt marsh
grass. A rich ecosystem (community of
living and non living things). Fishing
industries are important in this area
Coastal Plain Marsh***
Coastal Rivers spill over their
banks and flood low-lying areas,
creating saltwater marshes
The Fall Line
The coastal plain
connects to the
Piedmont along the
fall line. Because
the Piedmont in
higher in elevation
rivers flowing
south fell when
they reach the
coastal plain
causing waterfalls
Riverbeds
The river bed of
the river through
the Coastal Plain
is sand. That
allowed ocean
vessels to travel
the inland rivers
until reaching
the fall line.
The riverbed
through the
Piedmont is
hard rock
called bedrock
which does not
allow ships
passage.
Georgia Cities Built Along the Fall
line
Columbus Georgia (Chattahoochee
River).
Macon Georgia (Ocmulgee River).
Augusta Georgia (Savannah River).
Mountains ****
In the area between the Coastal
Plain and the Piedmont; many
mountains can be found.
Elevation: how high something is
from sea level to the top.
Slope: the incline of an object
measured from base to top.
Little Kennesaw
Stone Mountain
Three men shown
on the carving are
– 1: General
Stonewall Jackson
– 2: General Robert E
Lee on his horse
Traveler
– 3: Jefferson B Davis
Important Rivers
Chattahoochee River - forms part of
the border between Georgia and
Alabama. It flows through Atlanta,
and it is part of the border between
Georgia and Florida. Have you ever
seen the Chattahoochee?
Savannah Rivers - forms part of the
border between Georgia and South
Carolina.
St Mary’s River – forms part of the
border between Georgia and Florida.
How does climate impact
Georgia?
Weather: the day to day
changes in the atmosphere.
Climate: the average
weather conditions over time
at least 25 to 30 years.
The climate of Georgia
The climate of Georgia has been
important for the growth of Georgia.
In recent years, because of Georgia’s
location in the area called the
“sunbelt” population growth has
occurred.
More on Climate
Climate was important to the
creation of Georgia in 1733.
Because GA lay at the same
latitude as China, India, and the
Mediterranean Sea. England
believed GA’s climate would
produce silk, tea, and wine
grapes.
Military Installations in Georgia
Because of Georgia’s climate
there are lots of military
installations located in Georgia.
A warm climate means that
outdoor training, flights, and
other military operations can go
on year round.
What causes seasonal changes
Tilt of the earth
(23 ½ degrees).
Distance from the
sun in orbit.
How much direct
sunlight earth is
receiving.
How do air currents effect weather
and climate?
The temperature of the air around
you directly affects the weather.
If you live near a warm current, the
temps will remain slightly higher.
How do ocean currents effect
coastal temperatures?
If you live by a warm water current
you will have warmer temperatures
in the winter and cooler.
temperatures in the summer because
it takes water a long time to warm
up and cool down.
How do latitude and longitude
effect temperature?
As the degrees of latitude increase,
temperatures will decrease
The hottest areas on earth are
between 0 and 23 ½ degrees