Transcript 9. Health Inequalities Geographical Blog

•
Lesson Starter
What evidence is there to
suggest that the UK’s sickest
city is Glasgow?
•
Explain the Glasgow Effect.
•
Outline the findings of the
CACI report.
What will I learn?
• To identify the geographical
inequalities that exist with regard
to health inequalities.
Success Criteria
•List and explain 3 reasons for geographical
inequalities.
•Outline the findings of the Caci Report.
•List facts and figures which demonstrate the
health inequalities that exist in the UK.
•Watch a DVD and select important points that help
illustrate what has been learned in this section.
What are Health Inequalities?
There is a great deal of evidence to show that some
groups of people are more likely to enjoy better health
and have longer life expectancy than others i.e.
everyone’s health is not equal. Five ways in which health
inequalities can be demonstrated (life expectancy or
mortality/morbidity) are by:
1. Geographic location within Scotland, the UK and also
within Dundee/Tayside.
2. Social class i.e. between wealthiest and poorest.
3. Gender between males and females.
4. Ethnicity between different ethnic groups.
5. Lifestyle Choices that people make.
Copy the diagram below
Gender
Geographical
Location
Lifestyle
choices
Health
Inequalities
Economic
Status
Ethnic
origin
Explaining Geographic Health
Inequalities
There is a wealth of evidence to
demonstrate that the people living in
the wealthiest areas of the country
enjoy better health, lower death rates
and longer life expectancy than those
living in the poorest areas.
Task
• In your
opinion, why
do you think
where you
live can
affect your
health?
Geographical
Inequalities
Geographical
Inequalities
Geographical Inequalities
Linked very closely to social class:
• Poverty greatest in west of Scotland, Wales,
northern England, Northern Ireland and in
large inner cities (London, Birmingham,
Manchester, etc.).
• All areas of high unemployment and social
deprivation.
• These areas have less
professional/managerial jobs. Former
manufacturing areas.
Geographical Inequalities –
Caci Report
• The CACI Report (2006) - made all the
headlines. Took a variety of statistics and
confirmed the shockingly unhealthy
lifestyles of a significant number of
Scots.
• The report found that Scots are more
likely to suffer long-term illness, take less
exercise, be more overweight and spend
more on cigarettes and alcohol rather
than other Britons.
Geographical Inequalities – Caci Report
• Highlights the link between urban deprivation
and ill health.
• Also highlights the “North-South” divide.
Significantly, all of the worst areas are in run
down housing estates either on the periphery
of a city or in the inner city.
• Herald newspaper summed the findings of the
report - ‘Scotland the sick man of the UK with
22 of the top 25 illness areas.
• Emphasised the geographical divide with
poverty being the main cause.
Geographical Inequalities
On the next few slides there is data showing evidence
of health inequalities.
Task:
Make notes from the next few slides on the
differences in life expectancy.
Once you have done this try to some up, in a few
sentences, what the evidence shows you.
Evidence of Health Inequalities – Geographic location:
Life Expectancy in the UK Regions and by Gender
Evidence of Health Inequalities – Geographic location:
Comparison of Life Expectancy in Glasgow and East
Dunbartonshire
Areas with the lowest male life
expectancy in the UK
Country /
Region
Life expectancy at
birth
Glasgow City
Inverclyde
Blackpool
West
Dunbartonshire
Dundee City
Manchester
Scotland
Scotland
North-west
72.6
73.7
74.0
Scotland
74.1
Scotland
North-west
74.3
74.8
North Lanarkshire
Scotland
74.9
Belfast
Renfrewshire
Burnley
Northern Ireland
Scotland
North-west
75.2
75.3
75.0
Local area
Areas with the highest male
life expectancy in the UK
Local area
Country /
Region
Life expectancy at
birth
East Dorset
South-west
82.9
Hart
South-east
82.9
South Cambridgeshire
East
82.8
East Midlands
82.2
South-east
82.1
Kensington and Chelsea
London
82.1
Chiltern
Harrow
Christchurch
South-east
London
South-west
82.1
82.0
82.0
Epsom and Ewell
South-east
82.0
South
Northamptonshire
Guildford
Areas with the lowest female
life expectancy in the UK
Corby
West Lothian
Blackpool
Country /
Region
East midlands
Scotland
North-west
Life expectancy at
birth
Inverclyde
Scotland
79.9
Blaenau Gwent
Manchester
Dundee City
Wales
North-west
Scotland
79.9
79.5
79.3
North Lanarkshire
Scotland
79.1
Scotland
78.7
Scotland
78.5
Local area
West
Dunbartonshire
Glasgow City
80.2
80.1
80.0
Areas with the highest female
life expectancy in the UK
Local area
Country /
Region
Life expectancy at
birth
Purbeck
South-west
86.6
East Dorset
South-west
86.5
Richmond upon Thames
London
85.9
Winchester
South-east
85.9
South Cambridgeshire
East
85.9
Chiltern
South-east
85.8
Cotswold
South-west
85.8
Kensington and Chelsea
London
85.8
Hart
Harrow
South-east
London
85.6
85.6
Paired Reading Task
•Your teacher will give you a news article from
the BBC on why Glasgow is the UK’s sickest city.
•Working with a partner (call yourselves A and B),
split the article into equal sections (sections A
and B).
•You must read your part of the article and then
teach your partner the bit that you have read and
vice versa.
•At the end, make a summary of what you have
learned. You can use the article to help you.
What will I learn?
• To outline the meaning of the
‘Glasgow effect’.
Success Criteria
•Identify and discuss stereotypes that exist
in Glasgow.
•List statistics that highlight Glasgow’s
special health problems.
•Explain why it is important not to
stereotype all people who live in Glasgow.
•Identify and explain three reasons for ‘The
Glasgow Effect’.
•Outline the meaning of ‘biology of poverty’.
Task
• Copy this onto a
graffiti board
• Individually, write
down why you think
depending on where
you live affects
your health.
• As a group, decide
on your top 5 and
be prepared to
share them with
the class.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The Glasgow Effect
• The Tears That Made the Clyde is an academic
study of health inequalities.
• Builds on the work done by Sir Harry Burns,
Chief Medical expert for Scotland.
• A clear consensus has emerged.
• Glasgow's citizens suffer more from:
• poor diet
• smoking
• alcohol abuse
• drug abuse
• low emotional self-esteem
Questions
1. Using your hand out ‘The Glasgow
Effect’ provide six pieces of
evidence that suggests that
Glasgow has special health
problems.
2. In pairs, decide which pieces of
evidence surprise you the most and
discuss why.
Glasgow, the second city of
the empire
Why is it important not to stereotype people who live in
Glasgow?
Glasgow
Drumchapel
It is misleading to stereotype people from
Glasgow council estates, such as Drumchapel, as
being poor, workshy and drug addicted.
In recent years, Drumchapel has been
transformed: there are many attractive houses, a
brand new secondary school and professional
families from immigrant backgrounds bringing a
new vibrancy to the community which has been
badly misrepresented.
Lesson Starter
1. What is the Glasgow Effect?
Outline the reasons for all the
bad statistics:
1. Long term unemployment
2. Poor Housing
3. Political attitudes
The Biology of Poverty
• Burns believes that the ‘chaotic
circumstances’ many young people
grow up in impacts on their health
throughout their life.
• Many middle class people have
unhealthy lifestyles too.
• What kills the poor is the
harmful messages children
receive relating to parenting,
employment and housing.
• Healthy lifestyle message can
only do so much.
Three Cities Report
•It is clear that poverty is a major factor in explaining
health inequalities. However, this cannot explain why the
health of Scots in areas of deprivation is worse than their
counterparts in England.
•Three Cities Report- 2010
•Research examined the health and death rates of the
citizens of Glasgow, Manchester and Liverpool between
2003 and 2007. These cities have broadly the same
deprivation figures.
•Blame Glasgow effect for city’s chronic ill health- not
deprivation clearly indicated that lifestyle not poverty was
to blame. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r0cJ7CX1lCA
Three Cities Report
•Glasgow’s cancer and heart disease rates
are well above that of Glasgow and
Manchester.
•It is clear that income and poverty are
major factors in explaining health
inequalities. However it cannot explain why
the health of Scots in areas of deprivation is
worse than similar areas in England.
•Lifestyle is also an important factor.
Quick Questions
1.List statistics that highlight
Glasgow’s special health problems.
1.
2.Explain why it is important not to
stereotype all people who live in
Glasgow.
3.Identify and explain three reasons
for ‘The Glasgow Effect’
4.Outline the meaning of ‘biology of
poverty’
Watch
• Watch the Wealth and Health Inequalities
DVD from Modernity Scotland.
• As you watch it, take notes.
Want to know more?
• If you want to know more about this section, go
online and access the article on Health inequalities
on Modernity Scotland.
• http://www.modernityscotland.co.uk/cfe-socialinequality/524-article-8-health
I can…
•List and explain 3 reasons for geographical
inequalities.
•Outline the findings of the Caci Report
•List facts and figures which demonstrate the
health inequalities that exist in the UK.
•Watch a DVD and select important points that help
illustrate what has been learned in this section.