Transcript APSEMPWRPTx - Lake County Schools

AP Human Geography Review
Jim Curtis
Eustis High School
2014
Content PowerPoint
Part One: Distributions
Geography (Geo = earth Graph = writings)
Methodology to examine things from the viewpoint of areal distribution and relationships.
Areal distribution:
Examples:
Which region are world cities densest?
Density: things in a given area (things/area)
On which continent are world cities most dispersed?
Dispersion: distance between things
Diffusion: spread of something
Pattern: how things are arranged
Relationships:
Within a place (intra-)
Between places (inter-)
World Cities
Find examples in this photo
Common
Patterns:
Linear
Circular
Rectangular
Random
What is this?
Scale:
Large scale maps cover little area but have a lot of detail, and
small scale maps cover lots of area but little detail.
When trying to find a place you might want to start with a small scale map
(the representative fraction (RF) is small), but when looking for details you’d
want one with a larger scale.
Small scale RF = 1:25,000-1:750,000,000
Large Scale RF = 1:25,000 or less
Diffusion:
how things spread
Give the expansion pattern for the following:
Amish settlements in the USA
Flu Virus
Education Policy
Ethnic endemic disease
Folk Culture
Oil Spill
Popular culture
Tobacco in Europe
Regions:
Define and give example
Formal:
Functional:
Perceptual (Vernacular):
Characteristics/Examples of:
Distance-Decay Models
Space-Time Compression Models
Circular:
-usually associated with
walking/local functions
like delivery
Linear:
-usually associated with
infrastructure/newer
technologies
Regions of Population Density
Finland: 1917-2006
Explain the cinches and bulges in these two profiles.
Population Composition and Profiles (Pyramids)
Age
old
Gender
young
% Population
How are the problems of Country A and B different?
What is going on in these places?
DTM MODEL
Lee’s Push and Pull Forces
Political
Education
Economic
-employment
Opportunity Cost
Ravenstein Rules
Rural to Urban
Young, educated migrate
Longer distance end in big cities
Migration
Distance-decay
Space-Time Compression
Where religions are most dominant.
Muslim Countries
Buddhist Countries
Hindu Countries
2010
Explain the pattern of
Russian language
distribution in Ukraine
(as of 3/11/14).
Give reasons the
Russian Federation is
“interested” in this
area.
Are there historical
examples with similar
situations?
AP Human Geography Review
Jim Curtis
Eustis High School
2014
Content PowerPoint
Part Two: Models/Graphics/Maps
Going mathematical to graphical to spatial.
von Thunen agricultural land use
R=land rent
Y=yield per unit of land
c=production expenses per unit of commodity;
p=market price per unit of commodity
F=freight rate (per agricultural unit, per mile)
m=distance to market
K1
MKT
MKT
K2
K4
K5
K1
MKT
K2
K4
K5
This is a classic distance-decay model.
Distance-decay model
and transition to time-space
compression model.
Notice how linear patterns start to
form with transportation (infrastructure).
Types of graphs:
Different ways to see the same data:
1. Bar
2. Column
3. Pie
FRQ Question Stem Frequency
list
refer
1
support
describe
discuss
use example
identify
explain
define
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
FRQ Question Stem Frequency
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2
40
45
3
Shows how two variable interact
Scatter plot and line of best fit
Area graphs (usually associated with time)
Positive (above), negative (below) correlations
Map Projections
What kind should you use?
The one that fits your purpose.
 To map areas that extend along a great circle, use a cylindrical projection
 To map areas that extend along a small circle, use a conic projection
 To map areas that are approximately circular (or have equal extent in all directions), use an azimuthal projection
Conic
Cylindrical
Robinson
Mercator
What kind should you use?
The one that fits your purpose.
Types of Maps
Choropleth (by political boundary)
Graduated Symbol Map
T
H
E
M
A
T
I
C
Dot Map:
WIRELESS ANTENNAS
So there are all kinds
of maps to use
TOPOGRAPHIC
TOPOGRAPHIC ISOLINE
Relative and Absolute Directions
Give relative direction from:
1. Ulaanbaatar to Beijing
2. Irkursk to Komsomol’sk
3. Sapporo to Tokyo
4. Seoul to Nanjing
5. Shanghai to Vladivostok
45°N
30°N
105°E
Match the coordinate
points to the city
1. 35°N, 139°E
2. 39°N, 116°E
3. 46°N, 105°E
120°E
135°E
A. Beijing
B. Tokyo
C. Ulaanbaatar
AP Human Geography Review
Jim Curtis
Eustis High School
2014
Content PowerPoint
Part Three: Analyzing Models/Graphics/Maps
Interpreting graphs
Give time periods that
migration to the United
States was most
pronounced for each of
the following groups:
Asians
Latin Americans
N. and W. Europeans
S. And E. Europeans
Why was there a drop
in migration between
1930 and 1940?
Which of the following is true?
Describe the regions in South America with the most population density.
Identify the Ganges River Valley.
Explain why physiographic population density is more important than
arithmetic density when trying to understand China.
The map on the left depicts:
A. language families
B. language groups
C. dialects
Which states do not have an isogloss?
A physical feature that separates the Southern and
Midlands speech area is:
A. Chesapeake Bay
B. Delaware Bay
D. New Jersey Sound
The Southern speech area would best be described as:
A. coastal
B. having a higher population
C. having a lower population
D. inland
Spread of Islam
Identify the hearth (name the
country/city) of Islam and describe
its expansion.
In present times the hearth
practices what major sect of Islam?
Name the other major sect of Islam.
Identify its hearth.
Define the term hearth.
Which types of religions easiest to diffuse? Explain.
Locate
Spain, Portugal,
and Brazil
What years were best to find a construction job in Spain?
What year was worst for finding a construction job in Brazil?
Analyze the job picture in 2010-2011 Portugal.
Lake County Schools
AP Human Geography Seminar
2014
Content PowerPoint
Part Three: Answering an FRQ
Answer the question!
• Determine the question stem(s).
• What do I have to do
• Figuring out what the important parts of the question are.
• What parts of the questions give me context clues?
• Are there models or concepts involved?
• Analysis of maps/graphs/theories
• Pre-Writing
• Essential parts of my answer
• Appropriate ACADEMIC VOCABULARY
MOST COMMON QUESTION STEMS SINCE 2003
Explain
Tell the main reasons why the topic happened or happens
Identify
Give the name of the place, model, process, etc.
Discuss
Investigate or examine an issue; give reasons for and against;
concentrate only on the most important aspects of the issue
Use example
Obvious but make sure the example matches
Define
Give an accurate and focused meaning of a word or idea–how is it
different from everything else of its type
-examples, to emphasize meanings, are good
Describe
Give the pattern, dispersion, or density of phenomenon
Define development.
1. Which of these countries would be
considered the most developed?
2. Which of these countries would be
considered the least developed?
3. Which population would be
considered the most stable?
Explain your reasoning.
Ages
65 or older
15-64 years
under 15
0
10
Niger
20
30
Italy
40
50
60
Algeria
70
80
Discuss how the
demography of Italy and
Niger cause different
sets of problems?
Irregular immigrants are ones that entered the
country illegally or their status changed while
residing in the country.
Identify the regions of origin for this class
of immigrant.
Identify the countries where the migration
would/could be considered forced.
Which migrant would have the longest
migration?
Which country would be least similar in
terms of religion?
Define migration and
movement.
Which regions would be the
most likely sites for movement?
Explain.
Which regions would be the
most likely sites for migration?
Explain.
Using the ideas of Ravenstein and Lee, discuss probable patterns of migrations
to the USA or the United Kingdom.
A
Describe the pattern
of countries with the
lowest percentage of
internet hosts.
B
Identify regions with a high percentage of internet hosts.
Identify particular countries with high percentages.
Explain why these countries have large
percentages of internet hosts.
Discuss the differences
in regions A and B that
would lead to the
governments in these
regions discouraging
internet hosts.
Using the map of
Amish Church districts:
Identify which state has
the most Amish
settlements.
Describe the pattern(s)
of Amish districts in
Ohio. Explain why this
pattern appears on the
landscape.
Pick that
religion
Describe the basic idea
behind this cartoon.
What elements are
specifically given and what do
other symbols represent?
Define:
ethnocentrism,
cultural appropriation, and
assimilation.
Identify the religious symbols and give
their hearth regions.
Describe the political/cultural
atmosphere that contributes to trying
to require dress codes.
This image released by the Quebec government shows a proposal
for types of religious clothing allowed and not allowed for public
workers, under Quebec's proposed "charter of values." (AP
photo/The Canadian Press, Gouvernement du Québec)