Transcript PowerPoint Presentation - The Human Digestive System

By
Rebecca K. Fraker
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The Digestive System
What has happened to the food you ate today?
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Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Liver
Gall Bladder
Pancreas
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In the Mouth
• Digestion actually begins
in the mouth.
• The teeth break the food
into smaller pieces, and
the tongue moves the
pieces around so that
saliva can be mixed with
them.
• This begins the digestion.
• Then swallow, and the
journey begins!
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Esophagus
• About 10” long
• Moves food from the
throat to the stomach.
– The muscle movement is
called peristalsis.
• Heartburn is when acid
from the stomach gets in
here.
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Stomach
• Stores the food you
eat, breaks it down
into tiny pieces.
• Mixes food with
digestive juices.
• Acid in the stomach
kills bacteria.
• It can stretch and
shrink.
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Small Intestine
• Small intestines are roughly
22 feet long. “Small” refers to
its diameter, not its length.
• Insides are coated with little
‘fingers’ called cilia to increase
surface area.
• Nutrients from the food pass
into the bloodstream through
the small intestine walls.
• You can have pieces removed
but it is very hard for your
body to get the right nutrients.
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Large Intestine
• About 5 feet long.
• Accepts what small
intestines don’t
absorb.
• Absorbs water and
minerals from the
waste matter.
• You can lose a large
part of this and still
survive.
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Liver
• Directly affects digestion by
producing bile.
– Bile helps digest fat.
• Processes nutrients in the
blood, filters out toxins and
waste.
• Is often called the body’s
energy factory.
• You cannot live without a
liver, although you can live
with a part of one.
• Drinking alcohol damages
the liver.
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Gall Bladder
• Stores bile from the
liver.
• Delivers bile when
food is digested.
• Fatty diets can cause
gallstones.
• You can live without a
gallbladder.
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Pancreas
• Produces compounds
to digest fats and
proteins.
• Neutralizes acids that
enter small intestine.
• Regulates blood
sugar by producing
insulin.
• If it doesn’t work right
you get diabetes.
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Fun Facts
• HOW LONG ARE YOUR INTESTINES? At least 25 feet
in an adult. Be glad you're not a full-grown horse -- their
coiled-up intestines are 89 feet long!
• Food drying up and hanging out in the large intestine
can last 18 hours to 2 days!
• In your lifetime, your digestive system may handle
about 50 tons!!
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On a sheet of paper, write the
name of each colored organ:
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Green:
Red:
Pink:
Brown:
Purple:
Green:
Yellow:
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Did you get the answers right?
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Green: Esophagus
Red: Stomach
Pink: Small Intestine
Brown: Large Intestine
Purple: Liver
Green: Gall Bladder
Yellow: Pancreas
Great Job!
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References and Links
• Your Digestive System and How It Works:
http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/yrdd/Your_Digestive_Sys.pdf
– Digestive system diagram comes from this site
• The Real Deal on the Digestive System
http://kidshealth.org/kid/body/digest_SW_p2.html
• Pancreas: Introduction and Index
http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/pancreas/i
ndex.html
• Your Gross and Cool Body – Digestive System
http://yucky.discovery.com/flash/body/pg000126.html
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