Transcript NRELPres

Outline of an
Open, Distributed
Air Quality Data Integration and Analysis
System
Notes prepared for a discussion with EPA NERL and OAQPS
December 1, 1998
CAPITA
The Problem:
The researcher can not get access to the data;
if he can, he can not read them;
if he can read them,
he does not know how good they are;
and if he finds them good
he cannot merge them with other data.
Information Technology and the Conduct of Research:
The Users view
National Academy Press, 1989
CAPITA
The Winds of Change
• Shift from primary to secondary pollutants. Ozone and PM2,5
travel 500 + miles across state or international boundaries and
their sources are not well established
• New Regulatory approach. Compliance evaluation based on
‘weight of evidence’ and tracking the effectiveness of controls
• Shift from command & control to participatory management.
Inclusion of federal, state, local, industry, international
stakeholders.
CAPITA
Challenges
• Broader user community. The information systems need to be
extended to reach all the stakeholders ( federal, state, local,
industry, international)
• A richer set of data and analysis. Establishing causality, ‘weight
of evidence’, emissions tracking requires the analysis of air
quality, meteorology emissions and effects data.
Opportunities
• Rich AQ data availability. Abundant high-grade routine and
research monitoring data from EPA and other agencies are now
available.
• New information technologies. DBMS, data exploration tools
and web-based communication now allows cooperation (sharing)
and coordination among diverse groups.
CAPITA
Recap: Harnessing the Winds
• Secondary pollutants along with more open environmental
management style are placing increasing demand on data analysis.
Meanwhile, rich AQ data sets and the computer and communications
technologies offer unique opportunities.
• It appears timely to consider the development of a web-based, open,
distributed air quality data integration, analysis and dissemination
system.
• The challenge is learn how to harness the winds of change as sailors
have learned to use the winds for going from A to B
CAPITA
Standard Data Support System
• Data management systems, DBMS
• Data processing end exploration tools
• Presentation tools
CAPITA
Data Flow and Processing
CAPITA
Infrastructure support for a distributed
system
• Data sharing standards. A set of open standards for the
sharing of AQ data, tools and reports. Examples: TCP/IP, HTML,
XML, FGDC
• Data catalog. A virtual centralized catalog with search and
retrieval facilities. Examples: GCMD, web-indexes
• Web-based shared workspace. Place to share comments,
feedback, plans, ...
CAPITA
FGDC Compliant Metadata
Identification_Information:
Entry_ID: XXXXXX
Citation_Information:
Originator: Rudolf B. Husar
Publication_Date: 19961503
Title: AIRS US Hourly Ozone Data, 1986 – 1995
Online_Linkage: http://capita.wustl.edu/OTAG/Data/AIRSData.html
Description:
Abstract: Hourly carbon monoxide (CO), non-methane organic compounds (NMHC), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide
(NO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), Ozone (O3) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) data over the US for the six months (AprilSeptember) and ten years (1986-1995). The data were extracted from the AIRS database.
Purpose:
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 19860401
Ending_Date: 19951231
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Annual
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -158.12
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -64.77
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 63.73
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 17.71
Minimum_Altitude:
Maximum_Altitude:
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD parameter Valids, Revision 6.51
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus_Link:
Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > Air Quality > Carbon Monoxide
Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > Air Quality > Nitrogen Oxides
CAPITA
Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE
> Air Quality > Sulfur Oxides
North American Integrated Fine Particle Data Set
The fine particle mass data set (1979-1997) consists of ~500 urban and rural
monitoring sites in the US and Canada from 16 networks.
CAPITA
North American Integrated Fine Particle Data Set
Network
Supplying
#
Time
Organization Sites Span
PM Variables
IMPROVE - Interagency Monitoring of National Park
Protected Visual Environments
Service
93
3/88 – 2/98
fine PM mass, elements, organics, ions,
bab; PM10
MOHAVE - Measurement of Haze and
Visual Effects
National Park
Service
43
1–2/92
7–9/92
fine PM mass, elements, organics, ions,
bab; PM10
SFU - National Park Service’s Stack
Filter Units
National Park
Service
80
7/79 – 11/93 fine PM mass, elements, organics, ions,
bab
NESCAUM - Northeast States for
Coordinated Air Use Management
NESCAUM
11
9/88 – 11/93 fine PM mass, elements, organics, ions,
bab
National PM Research Monitoring
Network
EPA
2
3/95 – 12/97 fine and coarse PM mass, elements, and
organics
AIRS - Aerometric Information
Retrieval System
EPA
119
1/85 – 12/97 PM2.5
Philadelphia Saturation Study
EPA
16
9/11/94 –
9/10/94
PM2.5, PM10
CASTNet - Clean Air Status and
Trends Network Visibility Chemistry
EPA
12
10/93 –
12/97
fine PM mass, elements, organics, ions,
bab
CARB - California Air Resource Board
CARB
26
1/89 – 8/97
fine and coarse mass, and elements
NAPS - National Air Pollution
Surveillance Network
Environment
Canada
29
1/90 – 12/96 fine and coarse PM mass, elements, and
ions
CAPITA
North American Integrated Daily Max O3 Data Set
The ozone data set (1986-1996) consists of 670 Eastern US and 130 Canadian
sites from 7 networks including EPA's AIRS and Canada's NAPS
CAPITA
Data Evolution: Comment and Feedback
CAPITA
Benefits of a Distributed and Shared System
• Access to data. Users can get data, tools, reports out of the
system for specific projects. It can be a forum for the exchange of
ideas, peer-feedback etc.
• Saving time and money. The data, tools and other resources in
the system could be leveraging the dollars and time available for
specific projects.
• Recycling Data. Data are costly resource. The system can help
managing, accessing and documenting one's own data, and share it
with others for re-use.
CAPITA