Transcript Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications

CHAPTER SEVEN
Telecommunications,
the Internet,
and Wireless
Technology
Oleh : Kundang K Juman
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After reading this chapter, you will be able to answer
the following questions:
1. What are the principal components of
telecommunications networks and key networking
technologies?
2. What are the main telecommunications
transmission media and types of networks?
3. How do the Internet and Internet technology work,
and how do they support communication and ebusiness?
Continued …
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
LEARNING OBJECTIVES (continued)
4. What are the principal technologies and
standards for wireless networking,
communication, and Internet access?
5. Why are radio frequency identification
(RFID) and wireless sensor networks
valuable for business?
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Hyundai Heavy Industries Creates a Wireless Shipyard
• Problem: Shipbuilding space is too large (4.2 sq mi)
and complex to track inventory in real-time, limiting
efficiency
• Solution: High-speed wireless network built by KT
Corp, using radio sensors, notebooks, mobiles, Web
cams
• Illustrates:
– Powerful capabilities and solutions offered by
contemporary networking technology
– Use of radio sensor technologies to track inventory
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Telecommunications and Networking in Today’s Business World
Networking and Communication Trends
– Convergence:
• Telephone networks and computer networks
converging into single digital network using Internet
standards
• E.g. cable companies providing voice service
– Broadband:
• More than 60% Canadian Internet users have
broadband access
– Broadband wireless:
• Voice and data communication as well as Internet
access are increasingly taking place over broadband
wireless platforms
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Telecommunications and Networking in Today’s Business World
What is a computer network?
• Network Interface Card (NIC)
• Network Operating System (NOS)
• Routes and manages communications
on the network and coordinates network
resources
• Dedicated server computer
• Hubs
• Routers
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Telecommunications and Networking in Today’s Business World
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Telecommunications and Networking in Today’s Business World
Networks in Large Companies
– Hundreds of local area networks (LANs) linked to
firm-wide corporate network
– Various powerful servers
• Web site
• Corporate intranet, extranet
• Backend systems
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Mobile wireless LANs (Wi-Fi networks)
Videoconferencing system
Telephone network
Wireless cell phones
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Telecommunications and Networking in Today’s Business World
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Telecommunications and Networking in Today’s Business World
Key Digital Networking Technologies
• Client/server computing
• Packet Switching
• TCP/IP and Connectivity
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Telecommunications and Networking in Today’s Business World
Client/Server Computing
• Client/server computing is a distributed processing
model in which some processing power is located
within small, inexpensive client computers
• The clients are linked to one another through a
network that is controlled by a network server
computer
• The server sets the rules of communication for the
network and provides every client with an address
so others can find it on the network
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Telecommunications and Networking in Today’s Business World
Packet Switching
• Messages are first broken down into small
bundles of data called packets
• Packets are sent along different
communication paths as paths become
available
• Packets are reassembled once they reach
their destinations
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Telecommunications and Networking in Today’s Business World
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Telecommunications and Networking in Today’s Business World
TCP/IP and connectivity
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Connectivity between computers enabled by
protocols
• Rules that govern transmission of information
between two points
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP)
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Common worldwide standard that is basis for Internet
Department of Defense reference model for TCP/IP
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Four layers
1. Application layer
2. Transport layer
3. Internet layer
4. Network interface layer
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Telecommunications and Networking in Today’s Business World
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Communications Networks
Signals: digital versus analog
• Digital: discrete, binary waveform
• Analog: continuous waveform, typically
used for voice
• A modem (modulator - demodulator)
converts from one state to the other
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Communications Networks
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Communications Networks
Types of Networks
• Local Area Network (LAN)
• Campus Area Network (CAN)
• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
• Wide Area Network (WAN)
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Communications Networks
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Communications Networks
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Communications Networks
Physical transmission media
• Twisted wire
• Coaxial cable
• Fibre optics and optical networks
• Wireless transmission media
• Microwave, satellite, cellular
• Transmission speed (hertz, bandwidth)
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
Communications Networks
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
What is the Internet?
• Links hundreds of thousands of individual
networks all over the world
• Most homes connect to the internet by
subscribing to an Internet Service Provider
(ISP)
• Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
• Cable Internet connections
• T1 and T3 lines
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
Internet Addressing and Architecture
• The Domain Name System
• Every device connected to the Internet has a
unique 32-bit numeric IP address
• A Domain Name System (DNS) converts IP
addresses to English-like domain names
• The domain name is the English-like name that
corresponds to the unique 32-bit numeric IP
address
• Internet Architecture and Governance
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
The Future Internet: IPv6 and Internet 2
• IPv6: allows 128 bit addresses, a
quadrillion possible addresses
• Internet2: consortia of agencies
working to provide an new robust and
high-bandwidth version of the Internet
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
Internet Services and Communications
Tools
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Email
Chatting and Instant Messaging
Newgroups
Telnet
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
World Wide Web
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
The Battle over Net Neutrality
• Read the Window on Organizations, and then discuss
the following questions:
• What is network neutrality? Why has the Internet
operated under net neutrality up to this point?
• Who is in favor of net neutrality? Who is opposed?
Why?
• What would be the impact on individual users,
businesses, and government if Internet providers
switched to a tiered service model?
• Are you in favor of legislation enforcing network
neutrality? Why or why not?
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
Voice over IP (VoIP)
• delivers voice in digital form over the
Internet
Unified Communications
• integrates all communications (voice,
data, etc.) into one stream to allow user to
switch back and forth
Virtual Private Networks (VPN)
• secure, encrypted private network for use
internal to an organization
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
Monitoring Employees on Networks: Unethical or Good
Business?
• Read the Window on Management, and then discuss
the following questions:
• Should managers monitor employee e-mail and Internet
usage? Why or why not?
• Describe an effective e-mail and Web use policy for a
company.
• Should managers inform employees that their Web behaviour
is being monitored? Or should managers monitor secretly?
Why or why not?
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
The Web
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
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Communications standard used for
transferring Web pages
Uniform resource locators (URLs)
• Addresses of Web pages
• Web servers
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Software for locating and managing Web
pages
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
Searching for information on the Web
• Search engines
•
Started in early 1990s as relatively simple software
programs using keyword indexes
• Search engine marketing
•
Today, major source of Internet advertising
revenue via search engine marketing, using
complex algorithms and page ranking techniques
to locate results
• Search engine optimization
•
Process of improving the quality and volume of
traffic to a website
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Global Internet
Intelligent Agent Shopping Bots
Web 2.0
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Blogs
Wikis
RSS
Mash-ups
Social software
Web 3.0: The Future Web
• Semantic web
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Wireless Revolution
Wireless devices
Cellular systems
• Cellular network standards and generations
• Mobile wireless standards for Web access
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Wireless Revolution
Wireless computer networks and Internet access
• Bluetooth
• Wi-Fi and Wireless Internet access
• WiMax
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Wireless Revolution
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Wireless Revolution
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Wireless Revolution
RFID and Wireless Sensor Networks
• Radio frequency identification (RFID)
•
Use tiny tags with embedded microchips containing data
about an item and location, and antenna
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Tags transmit radio signals over short distances to
special RFID readers, which send data over network to
computer for processing
•
Active RFID: Tags have batteries, data can be rewritten,
range is hundreds of feet, more expensive
•
Passive RFID: Range is shorter, also smaller, less
expensive, powered by radio frequency energy
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Wireless Revolution
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Wireless Revolution
Wireless sensor networks
• Networks of hundreds or thousands of interconnected
wireless devices embedded into physical environment to
provide measurements of many points over large spaces
• Used to monitor building security, detect hazardous
substances in air, monitor environmental changes,
traffic, or military activity
• Devices have built-in processing, storage, and radio
frequency sensors and antennas
• Require low-power, long-lasting batteries and ability to
endure in the field without maintenance
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Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology
The Wireless Revolution
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CHAPTER SEVEN
Telecommunications,
the Internet,
and Wireless
Technology
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