Transcript DesignWorkshop

vicon-security.com
Video Security Design Workshop:
NVR Recording and Network Considerations
Vicon A&E Summit 2011
1
This information is confidential and is not to be provided to any third party without Vicon Industries Inc.’s prior written consent.
New Technology – New Issues
 Newest Generation of IP Video Systems Presents New
Challenges:
– Systems are entirely IP
– They include megapixel cameras with significantly higher picture
resolution
– Ease of connectivity is facilitating more cameras-per-system
Need for More Resources!
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How Network and Storage are Affected
 Demands of IP video systems put an increased load on:
– The network carrying the video
– The storage holding those recordings
 Analogies to describe the situation:
– Cars on a road heading to work
– Water in a pipe heading to a pool
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Bandwidth = Traffic
 A road can handle only so many cars. A network can
carry only so many bits.
 To move more cars, we need more lanes. To move
more bits, we need more bandwidth.
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Storage = Parking Lot
 Parking lots can hold only so many cars. Hard drives can
hold only so many video files.
 Once the lot is full, parking more cars requires:
– Expanding the parking lot
– Having some cars leave to make room for new cars
 Once a hard drive is full, we
can either:
– Add more storage capacity
– Remove older video files to
make room for new recordings
(Shorten the number of days
video is kept)
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Water Pipe Analogy
 Hose = Bandwidth
 Swimming Pool = Storage
 Puppy = ???
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Design Considerations
 For Each Camera:
– How many FPS is really necessary?
– What resolution is required?
 For Storage:
– How much is required given above camera requirements and
number of days storage
 For Network:
– How to best use technology to create an efficient system?
– Work with IT to maximize the network traffic and optimize
storage
This information is confidential and is not to be provided to any third party without Vicon Industries Inc.’s prior written consent.
IP Cameras on the Network
 IP camera-based systems require more bandwidth
 Megapixel cameras need even more
 Consistent, reliable system performance requires
network planning
Recommendation:
Video transmission may consume
up to 70% of total network bandwidth
(i.e., 1000 Base/T network can provide about
700 Mbps for video transportation)
This information is confidential and is not to be provided to any third party without Vicon Industries Inc.’s prior written consent.
Parameters that Affect Bandwidth
 Resolution
– The higher the resolution, the higher the bandwidth:
 Frame Rate
 1-30 fps per camera; higher FPS  higher bandwidth.
 Motion Type
– Higher motion (activity) in the picture (i.e., a casino floor) uses
more bandwidth than medium motion (i.e., an office space)
– NOISE = MOTION
 Compression Format
– H.264, MPEG-4, M-JPEG have varying requirements
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Expected Bandwidth for a Single Frame
900
800
700
600
MJPEG-H
500
MJPEG-M
MJPEG-L
400
MPEG4-H
300
MPEG4-M
H.264-H
0
H.264-M
FN
TS
C
70
4x
57
6
(2
CI
70
4x
48
0
(4
CI
FP
AL
)
)
NT
SC
70
4x
28
8
70
4x
24
0
(2
CI
(C
FH
IF
P
C)
IF
NT
S
35
2x
28
8
(C
35
2x
24
0
(4
CI
12
FP
80
AL
x1
)
02
4(
1.
3M
16
00
P)
x1
20
0(
2
20
M
48
P)
x1
53
6(
3
22
M
88
P)
x1
71
2(
4
26
M
00
P)
x1
95
0(
5
M
P)
100
)
MPEG4-L
AL
)
200
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H.264-L
Network Configuration
 How many cameras can the network support?
– Output from the switch = sum of all camera outputs
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Data Flow: Analog Cameras, DVR and Workstation
System Server
Analog
Cameras
Nucleus
Analog Signal
Display Path: DVR to Workstation
Hybrid DVRs
Playback Path: DVR to Workstation
iSCSI
Storage
Recording:
Done on the DVR
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Data Flow: IP Cameras, NVR and Workstation
System Server
IP cameras and
Encoders
Nucleus
Display Path: Camera to Workstation
NVRs
Recording Path: Camera to NVR
Storage
iSCSI
Backup NVRs
Playback Path: NVR to workstation
This information is confidential and is not to be provided to any third party without Vicon Industries Inc.’s prior written consent.
Data Flow: IP Cameras & Virtual Matrix Display Controller
System Server
IP cameras and
Encoders
Nucleus
Display Path: Camera to VMDC and to Monitor
NVRs
Recording Path: Camera to NVR
Storage
iSCSI
Backup NVRs
Playback Path: NVR to VMDC and to Monitor
This information is confidential and is not to be provided to any third party without Vicon Industries Inc.’s prior written consent.
Data Flow: IP Cameras & Several VMDCs
System Server
IP cameras and
Encoders
Nucleus
Display Path: Camera to VMDC and to
Monitor through another VMDC
NVRs
Recording Path: Camera to NVR
Storage
iSCSI
Backup NVRs
Playback Path: NVR to VMDC and to Monitor
through another VMDC
This information is confidential and is not to be provided to any third party without Vicon Industries Inc.’s prior written consent.
Basic Calculations
 Connecting 10, 20, or 50 cameras on the network?
Assuming each camera outputs 2 Mbps, then…
– 10 cams X 2 Mbps = ~ 20 Mbps
– 20 cams X 2 Mbps = ~ 40 Mbps
– 50 cams X 2 Mbps = ~ 100 Mbps
SO
 When using a 100 Mbps switch
– 35 cams X 2 Mbps = ~ 70 Mbps = 70% capacity
– This is the maximum recommended number of cameras.
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Cascading Switches
 How many network switches are needed?
 Systems with many IP cameras require multiple switches
Daisy Chain versus Star Topology
Switch
2
Which should you use?
Switch 1
Switch 2
Switch 3
Switch 4
Switch
3
Switch
1
Main
Switch
Switch
5
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Switch
4
Daisy Chain Topology
Assuming 100 Mbps switches
50Mbps
6Mbps
50Mbps
6Mbps
50Mbps
6Mbps
Too Many
18Mbps
Mbps
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Star Topology
Assuming 100 Mbps switches
50Mbps
50Mbps
50Mbps
Possibly
too many
Mbps
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Star Topology - Explanation
 Using a 1000 Mbps (1 Gbps) switch:
– IP cameras use a 100 Mbps network card
– Connecting to a 100/1000 Mbps switch will utilize
1000 Mbps (1 Gbps) going out to the PCs
– Whether the cameras can connect from smaller
switches at 100 Mpbs to central switches at 1000 Mbps
all depends on the accumulated bandwidth
Remember to make sure each and every switch has
enough bandwidth to support its in/out needs!
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Using 1 Gbps Switches
 The main switch can output 1Gbps
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Individual Streams
2 Mbps
Wireless
bridge
3X2 Mbps
≈ 6 Mbps
Wireless
access
point
– Every user gets an individual stream
from the camera.
– Data is fully acknowledged to protect
from losing information.
– Bottleneck on one viewer doesn’t
affect the others.
Switch
2 Mbps
2 Mbps
4 Mbps
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Multicasting Streams
– Each camera sends only one stream
to the network
2 Mbps
Wireless
bridge
2 Mbps
– Special switch provides a copy of the
stream to PCs who request it
– Everybody gets the same stream
regardless of their supported
bandwidth
Wireless
access
point
– Multicast is UDP and not acknowledged
Switch
2 Mbps
2 Mbps
2 Mbps
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Switch Backbone and Output
 Every switch has a certain specification
 A 16 port switch with 1Gbps ports cannot support a full
1Gbps through each port simultaneously. Its “Backbone”
is the total throughput capacity.
 The more professional the switch, the stronger the
backbone.
 High end switch systems usually connect the central
switches with a special connection or fiber to create a
central backbone.
– “Stacking” switches
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Pure Gigabit Stack
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Points to Remember
What are the critical design points in the network?
 Evaluate the expected bandwidth from each camera
– keep in mind the number of concurrent users per camera.
 Each switch’s output (to the next switch or NVR) must not exceed
70% of maximum bandwidth
 Using the Star topology, add central switches with higher bandwidth.
 Remember, every port on the switch has its own bandwidth, so if
two workstations are connected to two different ports, each has its
own 100 or 1000 Mbps.
 In very high traffic network, invest in a strong central stack of
switches with a strong backbone
This information is confidential and is not to be provided to any third party without Vicon Industries Inc.’s prior written consent.