Transcript Windows Server 2012 R2: Networking - Center

Advancing
Software Defined
Networking
Delivering
Continuously
Available
Applications
Improving
Network
Performance
Simplifying
Datacenter
Network
management
Networking in the
Hybrid Cloud
Advancing Software Defined Networking
Improving Network
Performance
Simplifying Datacenter
Network Management
Networking in the
Hybrid Cloud
Hyper-V Network
Virtualization
Hyper-V Extensible
Switch
SMB Direct (RDMA)
IP Address
Management (IPAM)
Cross premise
connectivity
Inbox HNV Gateway
Virtual Machine
Manager
Enhancements
vRSS
Microsoft Windows
PowerShell
Extending to Azure
Single Root I/O
Virtualization (SR-IOV)
Remote Live capture
Extending to Service
Providers
Dynamic VMQ
Network Management
using Virtual Machine
Manager
Delivering Continuously Available Applications
SMB Multichannel
Quality of Service
DHCP Failover
NIC Teaming
Network Monitoring
using
Operations Manager
Hybrid networking
with breakthrough
levels of flexibility
and performance
IT demands
Simplified use of network
resources in a multi-tenant,
cross-premises environment
Continuously available and
resilient network
infrastructure
Greater control and more
extensibility
Windows Server 2012 R2 delivers
Software-defined network
infrastructure.
High-performance
networking.
Improved manageability
and diagnostics.
Open, Extensible and Standards based
Hyper-V Network
Virtualization
Inbox Gateway
Hyper-V
Extensible Switch
Management
with System
Center Virtual
Machine
Manager
Built-in and production ready
Innovation in software and hardware
BACKGROUND
• Network virtualization lags behind compute and
storage
• Administration within the data center may be soiled
THE CHALLENGES
• Physical network configuration is not flexible
• Workloads tied to underlying hardware configurations
• Configuration changes are manual and cumbersome
• Diverse network infrastructure requires vendor-specific
management and control
• Greater VM mobility and density difficult to achieve
VMs
Enables
software to
dynamically
manage the
network by:
Enabling integrated policies that span physical and virtual
networks
Abstracting workloads from the physical network
Controlling datacenter traffic flow
Virtual Machine
Hyper-V Host
Virtual Machine
What the Hyper-V Switch does:
Provides L2 layer connectivity for VMs
Extends the network edge to the host
Features
VM NIC
VM NIC
Virtual Switch
Isolation
Traffic Shaping
Security
Diagnostics
Physical NIC
Switch Extensibility
Physical Network
• Extends virtual switch functionality by adding
switch extensions
• Provides open platform supporting third-party
plug-ins to add functionality
• Lets customers manage virtual network the
same way they would manage a physical
network
• Helps monitor the security of virtual machine
to virtual machine traffic
• Provides unified management and
enforcement of plug-ins with Virtual Machine
Manager across entire datacenter
• Includes NDIS filter drivers, WFP callout
drivers, Ingress filtering, Destination lookup
and forwarding and Egress filtering extensions
VM NIC
Host NIC
Virtual Switch
Extension Protocol
Capture
Extensions
Extension
A
Filtering
Extensions
Extension
C
Forwarding
Extension
Extension
D
Extension Miniport
Physical NIC
VM NIC
Build Extensions for Capturing,
Filtering & Forwarding
Key Features
VM NIC
Host NIC
•
Extension monitoring & uniqueness
•
Extensions that learn VM life cycle
•
Extensions that can veto state changes
•
Multiple extensions on same switch
Capture
Extensions
Extension
A
•
VMM for Unified Management
Filtering
Extensions
Extension
C
Several Partner Solutions Available
Forwarding
Extension
Extension
D
•
Cisco – Nexus 1000V & UCS-VMFEX
•
NEC – ProgrammableFlow PF1000
•
5nine – Security Manager
•
InMon - SFlow
Virtual Switch
Extension Protocol
Extension Miniport
Physical NIC
VM NIC
How network virtualization works
• Overlays multiple virtual networks on
shared physical network
• Uses industry standard General Routing
Encapsulation (NVGRE) protocol
Problems solved
• Creates VM mobility across datacenter,
hoster cloud or Azure without network
constraints
• Provides ability to import customer IP
addresses and network topology
• Helps remove VLAN constraints
• Helps eliminate hierarchical IP address
assignment for virtual machines
• Tenants with overlapping IP Address
range share same physical network
• Policies enforced at host level using
PowerShell or System Center Virtual
Machine Manager
• DHCP servers can be part of
virtualized network to enable locally
assigned IP addresses
• Supports guest clustering
10.1.1.1
192.168.1.10
10.1.1.1
192.168.1.10
10.1.1.2
192.168.2.12
10.1.1.2
192.168.2.12
vSwitch
vSwitch
 HNV packets are flagged for native forwarding
 Other packets forwarded by forwarding
MS
Forwarding
 Enables packet header modification
headers on both ingress and egress
Native
Policies
Egress
ACL
MS
Forwarding
WNV
WNV
LBFO IM
pNIC
Egress
Ingress
Egress
Egress
ACL
Native
Policies
extension, if present
 Forwarding extensions can modify packet
Extension
Egress
 Changes forwarding logic
Extension
Extension
Ingress
inside the switch
 Requires extension upgrade to NDIS 6.40
Extension
Egress
 Extensions can view CA and PA addresses
Extension
Ingress
 Supports richer switch extensions
Ingress
Extension
LBFO IM
pNIC
Network Virtualization Packet Flow
Blue1 sending to Blue2
VSID ACL Enforcement
VSID ACL Enforcement
Network Virtualization
Network Virtualization
IP Virtualization
Policy Enforcement
Routing
IP Virtualization
Policy Enforcement
Routing
ARP TABLE
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Network Virtualization Packet Flow
Blue1 sending to Blue2
VSID ACL Enforcement
VSID ACL Enforcement
Network Virtualization
Network Virtualization
IP Virtualization
Policy Enforcement
Routing
IP Virtualization
Policy Enforcement
Routing
Contoso
Fabrikam
Challenges
•
•
Internet
Bridge Between VM Networks
& Physical Networks
Hoster wants to provide isolated networks for tenant
VMs with integral S2S VPN and NAT
Enterprises have virtualized networks split across
different datacenters or virtualized networks (NVGRE
aware) communicating to physical networks (NVGRE
unaware)
Solution
•
•
•
•
•
•
Multi-tenant VPN gateway in Windows Server 2012 R2
Integral multitenant edge gateway for seamless
connectivity
Guest clustering for high availability
BGP for dynamic routes update
Encaps/Decaps NVGRE packets
Multitenant aware NAT for Internet access
What it means:
• Provides ability to control physical network hardware
directly from applications
• Enforces routing policies on the fly
• Requires programmable hardware that uses a standard
protocol like OpenFlow, Cisco OnePK and so on.
Challenges:
• Adds complexity to the application
• Creates challenges in heterogeneous environment
Is it production ready?
• Applicable to certain classes of applications like
Microsoft Lync, Network diagnostic tools, high fidelity
video games
• Most Line of Business applications and workloads may
not need this level of control
Challenges
Manage a large number of physical and virtual switches
Integrate management of physical and virtual networks
Solution
Logical Network
Organizes and simplifies network assignments for
hosts, virtual machines and services
Integrated physical and virtual switch VLAN policy
VM Network
Creation/deletion of isolated virtual network overlay
(HNV) on physical network
Challenges
Allow seamless migration of VM while maintaining network
policy
Solution
Logical Switch
Single logical entity spanning hosts
Consistent policy and configuration
Management of Hyper-V Extensible Switch
Installation and configuration of switch extensions
Configuration of network policies
Network policies automatically move with the VM
Includes 3rd party extensions
How switch management works
Standards-based CIM model
Switches running Open Management
Infrastructure (OMI)
Switch Management PowerShell
Cmdlets
Communicating using
WS-MAN
Problems solved
Common management interface
across multiple network vendors
Automate common network
management tasks
Logo Program enables customers to
find/buy switches that “just work”
OMI
OMI
OMI
Gateway appliances
OMI-based
top-of-rack switch
Hyper-V switch
extensions
Chipset
extensions
To Workload Owners
To Enterprises
To Hosters
To Private/Public
Cloud Datacenter
Admins
Run services
without
interruption
Automatically
remediate issues
with no human
intervention
Quality of Service
NIC Teaming
Provide consistent
bandwidth for
services
Embrace a multivendor ecosystem
DHCP
failover
SMB
Multichannel
• Automatic detection and use of multiple network
connections between SMB client and server
• Helps server applications be resilient to network
failure
• Transparent Failover with recovery of network
failure if another connection is unavailable
• Improved throughput
• Bandwidth aggregation through NIC
Teaming
• Multiple nodes/CPUs for network
processing with RSS-capable network
adapters
• Automatic configuration with very little
administrative overhead
• Automatic DHCP failover based on DHCP
failover IETF spec
• Provides multi-site IP address continuity to
clients by helping eliminate single points of
failure
• Provides in-box support for failover,
without the need for clustering
• Uses a failover setup consisting of two
servers located across different geographic
locations
• Includes active/active or active/passive
behavior
• Simple provisioning and configuration of
DHCP server using PowerShell
Hot standby DHCP
failover in a huband-spoke
deployment
Load-sharing
DHCP failover in a
single site with a
single subnet
Runtime bandwidth
demand (gigabits
per second)
• Helps guarantee predictable network
performance and fair sharing during congestion
• Supports bandwidth floors and bandwidth caps
• Helps enforce customer SLAs and maximum
pricing caps
• Sets QoS for virtual machine or traffic type
• Uses software built into Windows Server 2012 R2
or hardware capable of Data Center Bridging
(DCB) to assign minimum QoS settings
• Supports dynamic change of QoS settings
through PowerShell without any downtime
Service
Virtual
machine
Reservation
30%
T1
4
T2
4
T3
2
T1
4
T2
T3
3
2
4
Storage
40%
5
5
6
Live
migration
20%
0
3
2
Cluster
Shared
Volume
10%
0.5
1
0
6
5
2
0.5
1
When
bandwidth is
available, each
service takes as
much as it can
When the link
is congested,
each service
takes its fair
share
2
When bandwidth
becomes
available, each
service takes as
much as it wants
• Provides network fault tolerance and
continuous availability when network
adapters fail by teaming multiple network
interfaces
• Supports all vendors in-box
• Facilitates local or remote management
through Windows PowerShell or UI
• Enables teams of up to 32 network adapters
• Aggregates bandwidth from multiple network
adapters
• Includes multiple nodes: switch dependent
and independent
Virtual
adapters
Team network
adapter
Team network
adapter
 TCP streams or "flows” are
generally not continuous
 Groups of packets sent between
flows are called “flowlets”
 Dynamic load balancing detects
breaks in a flow of sufficient
length to minimize possibility
of packet reordering
 Flows can be moved to other
team members on flowlet
boundaries to rebalance traffic
 Dynamic LBFO maximizes
resource utilization in teamed
NICs by balancing loads across
all NIC team members
 Ideal when there are fewer
VMs per team
Virtual
adapters
Team network
adapter
Team network
adapter
Without
With RDMA
RDMA
File Client
File Server
App
Buffer
• Higher performance through offloading of
network I/O processing onto network adapter
• Higher throughput with low latency and ability
to take advantage of high-speed networks
(such as InfiniBand and iWARP)
• Remote storage at the speed of direct storage
SMB
Buffer
SMB
Buffer
OS
Buffer
OS
Buffer
Driver
Buffer
Driver
Buffer
Adapter
Buffer
rNIC
NIC
InfiniBand
rNIC
NIC
Adapter
Buffer
• Transfer rate of around 50 Gbps on a single
NIC port
• Compatible with SMB Multichannel for load
balancing and failover
Increased efficiency of network
processing on Hyper-V hosts
Without VMQ
•
Hyper-V Virtual Switch is responsible for
routing & sorting packets for VMs
•
This leads to increased CPU processing, all
focused on CPU0
With VMQ
•
Physical NIC creates virtual network
queues for each VM to reduce host CPU
With Dynamic VMQ
•
Processor cores dynamically allocated for
a better spread of network traffic
processing
Hyper-V Host
Hyper-V Host
Hyper-V Host
• vRSS provides near line rate to a VM
on existing hardware, making it
possible to virtualize traditionally
network intensive physical workloads
• Extends the RSS functionality built
into Windows Server 2012
• Maximizes resource utilization by
spreading VM traffic across multiple
virtual processors
• Helps virtualized systems reach higher
speeds with 40 Gbps and 100 Gbps
NICs
• Requires no hardware upgrade and
works with any NICs that support RSS
vNIC
Node 2
Node 0
Node 1
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
Incoming
packets
Node 3
Host
Virtual Machine
• VM traffic bypasses virtual switch and performs I/O
directly to NIC
• Ideal for high I/O workloads that do not require port
policies, QoS, or network virtualization enforced at the
end host virtual switch
VM Network Stack
Synthetic NIC
• Most 10Gbps and in-box NICs SR-IOV capable
Benefits
• Maximizes use of host system processors and memory
• Reduces host CPU overhead for processing network
traffic (by up to 50%)
• Reduces network latency (by up to 50%)
• Provides higher network throughput (by up to 30%)
• Full support for Live Migration
Hyper-V
Extensible Switch
Virtual Function
Provide an
easy-to-use,
robust automation
framework
Manage IP
address space and
consolidate
external tools
IP Address
Management
Resource
Metering
Monitoring with Operations Manager
Simplify
management in
multisite
environments
Monitor
resource usage
Management
with Virtual
Machine
Manager
Windows
PowerShell
Domain
• Inbox feature for integrated management of IP
addresses, domain names, and device identities
europe.corp.woodbridge.com
• Tightly integrates with Microsoft DNS and
DHCP servers
• Provides custom IP address space display,
reporting, and management
IPAM Server
(UK)
IPAM server
(Redmond)
• Audits server configuration changes and tracks
IP address use
• Migrates IP address data from spreadsheets or
other tools
• Monitors and manages specific scenario-based
DHCP and DNS services
DHCP, DNS, DC,
and NPS servers
Domain
DHCP, DNS, DC,
and NPS servers
fareast.corp.woodbridge.com
IPAM Server
(Hyderabad)
DHCP, DNS, DC,
and NPS servers
IPAM Server
(Bangalore)
DHCP, DNS, DC,
and NPS servers
Network Administrator
Fabric Administrator
• Manages virtual address space in addition to
physical address space
• Imports and exports network configurations
automatically through plugin for System Center
Virtual Machine Manager
• Enables synchronization of Active Directory
Sites and subnets information with IPAM
• Supports large scale enterprise deployments
• Uses SQL Server to store IP address information
• Lets admins define user roles, access scope and
access policy through role-based access control
System Administrator
Forensics Investigator
Comprehensive coverage with more than 400 cmdlets related to
networking
Remote machine management support
Integrated object model
10
15
25
20
5
30
0
Benefits
Resource Pool Internet
Resource Metering
10
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
55
5
0
Resource pool
Internet
Customer 2
Resource pool
Internet
Customer 1
• Tracks and meters resource
• Average CPU use
usage and provides
infrastructure to build
chargeback solutions
• Average memory use
• Minimum memory use
• Tracks resource usage of
• Maximum memory use
individual virtual machines
or virtual machine pools
• Maximum disk allocation
• Incoming network traffic
• Metering not affected by
virtual machine movement
• Uses active control lists
(ACLs) from network
metering port
• Provides complete Windows
PowerShell support
Metrics
• Outgoing network traffic
20
45
30
0
Virtual Machine
Resource Metering
25
10
40
0
A two-tenant environment built with
Hyper-V in Windows Server 2012 R2
• Storage IOPS
• Remote monitoring of network traffic on a
in Windows Server 2012 is not simple
• Windows Server 2012 R2 makes it easy to
mirror and capture network traffic for
remote and local viewing
• Provides integrated GUI experience
with Message Analyzer
• Collects offline traffic captures from
remote computers
• Provides filters to select packets by IP
addresses and VMs
• Captures ETW events for remote and
local viewing
WMI to configure the filters and truncation
WMI starts/stops the session
Truncated network traffic redirected
ETW events
Windows Server
2012 R2
Server or client with
Microsoft Message
Analyzer
Switch extension
managers
Load balancers
•
•
•
•
Network virtualization
gateway
•
•
•
•
Examples:
F5 BIG-IP, Brocade Server, Iron
ADX, Citrix NetScaler, Microsoft
network load balancer
Examples:
Cisco Nexus 1000v, inMon
sFlow, 5nine, NEC
Examples:
Windows Server Inbox Gateway,
IronNetworks, F5, Huawei
• Uses SNMP to discover network devices
 Monitors physical network routers and switches



Interfaces and ports/virtual local area networks (VLANs)
Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) groups
Firewalls and load balancers
 Increases visibility into your network infrastructure
Identify failures in critical services and applications that were
caused by the network
 Show how the network connects to servers

List of network devices with
extended monitoring capability
Cross-premises connectivity
Inbox Gateway to extend beyond private cloud
Extending your private cloud to Azure
Seamlessly extend Datacenter to Azure
Extending your private cloud to hosters
VPN site-to-site functionality in
remote access:
• Provides cross-premises connectivity
between enterprises and hosting service
providers
• Connects to private subnets in hosted
cloud networks
• Provides connectivity among
geographically separate enterprises
Contoso
London
branch
Contoso
private
cloud
Woodgrove
private
cloud
Subnet3
Subnet1
Contoso
New York Subnet4
branch
Subnet2
Subnet1
Subnet2
Woodgrove
Brazilian
branch
Hosted Cloud
Industry standard
IKEv2-IPsec router
Subnet3
Subnet4
Windows Server 2012 R2
remote access site-tosite VPN server
BGP
 Provides multitenant S2S
Active-Standby


S2S Tunnel

Orange
Corp site1

Orange Virtual
Network
Orange
Corp site2
gateway for hybrid cloud
connectivity
Includes guest clustering for HA
Uses BGP for dynamic routes
update
Provides multitenant-aware
NAT for Internet access
Multi-tenant VPN for access to
cloud from internet
Virtual Network
 Extend your datacenter
to Azure by creating VMs
in private networks
 Connect individual
computers to Azure VMs
and virtual networks using
Point to Site connectivity
without VPN device
 Windows inbox gateway to
connect virtual networks in
private cloud and Azure
Site-to-Site
VPN
Subnet 1
VPN
Gateway
On premises
Your datacenter
VPN
Device
Individual computers
behind corporate
firewall
Remote workers
Subnet 2
Subnet 3
DNS
Server
Advancing
Software Defined
Networking
Delivering
Continuously
Available
Applications
Improving
Network
Performance
Simplifying
Datacenter
Network
management
Networking in the
Hybrid Cloud