Transcript Communication networks for Smart Grid

Security Level:
2017/4/6
Pave Smart Way for
Smart Grid
Huawei
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Huawei Confidential
Outline

Connect Internet of Things

Communication networks for Smart Grid

Further radio access network evolvement
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电信行业需要重新定义自身
云-管-端
–信息服务的新架构
业务转型，扩展业务领域
从管道到内容，成为数字内容分发商……

支撑云
业务云
业务平台
从CT 到ICT，为企业（尤其是中小企业）

IDC云
提供云服务（统一通信+IT应用）
数据中心
IP + 光
挑战
270倍 数字内容
100倍 流量增长
信息社会
网络连接是基础，持续扩大用户规模
行业终端
个人终端
家庭终端
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从人的通讯到机器通讯，物联网……
从语音到数据，尤其是移动宽带
Page 3
……
华为战略扩展到整个ICT领域
云计算
支撑云
起航
业务云
业务平台
企业市场
IDC云
进入
数据中心
IP + 光
运营商市场
网络 领先
胜出
消费者市场
终端 扩展
树立品牌
行业终端
个人终端
家庭终端
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“Single”架构支撑“无代”演进
X
D
S
L
F
T
T
x
Single
Metro
SingleRAN
GSM/UMTS/HSPA
/
LTE …
…
Appn
P
S
T
N
App1
L
T
E
…
400G/ 1T
U
M
T
S
…
40G/ 100G
G
S
M
Single BSS
Single OSS
…
Single
Backbone
…
LTE/ LTE-A
SingleCloud
GSM/ UMTS
app
PON/ NG-PON
app
ADSL / VDSL
app
FAN
RAN
IP+Optical
Cloud
Platform
Platform
Platform
Platform
SingleFAN
全IP技术
ADSL/VDSL/PON/
Ng-PON …
多张垂直网络
Single 融合网络
产品平台
代代演进
支撑100倍流量增长和未来十
年新兴技术
基于全IP的高智能平台，实现
新兴技术即插即用
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基于电信领域优势，服务企业和行业客户
电信领域的技术优势
企业领域的独特优势
政府
No.3
DCN
IP
Transmission
Network
IP Network
Wireless
Network
企业
电信基础网络
+
No.2
移动
基于全IP的固
定移动融合
No.1
固定
能源
Call Center
UCC
VC/TP
智能电网
通信与合作
+
交通
唯一一家在上述三个领域排名前三
的电信解决方案供应商
App
ServerStorageSecurity
App
App
Cloud
Service
金融
基于“云”的 IT解决方案
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From connect people to connect things

7 billion people vs 50 billion machines
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M2M business classification
M2M
Vertical markets
Horizontal
markets
Safety, logistic,
Military, goverment, Smart
Grid, ITS
environment monitor
Characteristics
Networks
Characteristics
 wide coverage, depp
 existing
 specificat coverage
penetration
 large capacity
infrastrcutre
 defined capacity
 upgrate capacity
 glitch accepted
 No glitch at all
 stringent security
 security
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Networks
 private
infrastrcuture
Future of smart grid
Future power industry
ecosystem 2020+…
Weather forecast:
Fine, strong wind
More wind power
generation
Less power
generation
Solar power
M. SANCHEZ, 2006, ‘Quelle: European Technology Platform SmartGrids
Hydropower
Power consumption
prediction
Biology power
Sea wind power
Thermal power
temporary shutting down
Local control center
Solar power equipment
More green power
generation
More family solar
generation
Less expenditure for
electric auto
Power distribution
Power user management
Charge station
Power reservation
SMES
Real-time and accurate information are smart grid foundation
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Outline

Connect Internet of Things

Communication networks for Smart Grid

Further radio access network evolvement
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What is Smart Grid?
•
Smart grids are characterized by a two-way flow of electricity and information
and is capable of monitoring everything from power plants and customer
preference to individual appliances
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Communication networks for Smart Grid
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Huawei smart grid solution overview
Power Plant
Business user
Subscriber
Renewable
energy
Central control
Generation
Transmission
Consumption
Distribution
OLT
Huawei
Solution
ONU
ONU
OTN
Ultra long distance
transmission
Optical and IP network
Router
LTE BS
ATO
CPE
ADO
Smart meter
AMI
Solution Features
1. Strong smart grid communication structure: end to end real-time, high-speed and two-way communication solution,
elevate dispatch efficiency, reduce manpower cost, enhance power grid security
2. Easy maintenance: unified network deployment and management reduce operating expense
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Huawei’s value for power industry
Elevate operations efficiency
End to end real time grid status
displaying facilitate power dispatch
Reduce operations expense
Accurate dispatch reduce
power generation cost
End to end integrated NM
reduce network maintenance
const
Huawei solution
Network smooth evolution
End to end network
capability smooth upgrade to
face high bandwidth service
challenge (video surveillance
etc.)
Improve grid security
Real time grid security
surveillance and control
End to end smart grid communication system vendor
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Dispatch automation network requirements
1
plant
transmission
distribution
2
Super long distance transmission: the deployment of super high voltage power transmission
sites are national wide and the distance between various sites is so long.
Network smooth evolution: dispatch, management and surveillance information in same
transmission network need higher bandwidth, network smooth evolution
End to end synchronization : GPS solution cost is high and hardly be deployed in some scenarios
End to end network high security, QoS, reliability : dispatch data network include power generation,
transmission, transformer and distribution, end to end real-time, two-way data is necessary
Easy network management : abundant sites but need unified deployment and operation
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Dispatching data network topology
NE40E
National Dispatching
Backbone Network
NE40E
NE40E
National Dispatching Center
NE40E
Regional Dispatching
Network
NE40E
NE40E
NE40E
State Dispatching Center
NE40E
Local Dispatching
Network
State Dispatching Center
NE40E
NE20E
NE20E
NE20E
NE20E
Local Dispatching Center
Substation
Power plant
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Power plant
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Substation
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Power plant
Service isolation by MPLS VPN
PE
PE
Real-Time VPN
Non Real-Time VPN
PE

Identify the different services, and separate real-time services, data services
and ordinary Internet access services and encapsulate the different services
into the different VPN, thus implementing security isolation between different
services

MPLS VPN can provide security protection to the leased line subscriber.
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Security principle of Huawei Solution
Cooperation
Immunity
1. Desktop control
2. Application monitoring
3. In-depth sense
In depth
Defense
Credible
Guarantee
4. Integrated management
5. Cooperation between security
systems
1. Centralized authentication
1. Security zone division
2. Unified authorization
2. Access control
3. Behavior audit
3. Defense against intrusion
4. Password protection
4. Security tunnel
Information
Security
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End-to-End Qos guaranteed
Power Plant
server
server
Transformer
Substation
Dispatch Center
Service category
Service
Class of Service
MPLS Exp
Gold
5,6
Sliver
1,2,3,4
Bronze
0
Qos（Quality of Service） on Demand
EMS/SCADA
Real-time
services
AMR
Bandwidth strictly ensured;
low delay; low jitter; no packet loss
Voice
None real-time
None-real-time 1
services
None-real-time 2
Data
Internet
file transfer
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Bandwidth non-strictly ensured;
low delay; low jitter, no packet loss
No bandwidth ensured;
high delay; high jitter, little packet loss
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High reliability network
VPN FRR
BFD for VPN FRR
PE
CE
IGP Fast
convergence/
IP FRR
CE
PE
IGP(OS
PF,RIP,e
tc.)
LDP
FRR
PE
Enhanced-VRRP
VRRP
Backup
P
Master
active
PE
MPLS VPN
VRRP
BFD for VRRP
STP/RTSP
/MSTP
backup
PE
P
Link protected
Route Fast
Convergence
and Fast Re-Routing

Smartlink: 50ms


STP/RSTP/MSTP: <1
second
EnhancedVRRP:50ms

IGP Fast
Convergence: 200ms

LDP FRR:50ms

MPLS VPN
FRR:200ms

NSF: 0ms

BFD:50ms
smartlink
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Recent progress of smart grid

“First Wave” (2007 – 2010 in North America, Europe)

Introduced Smart Meters, AMI, some Distributed Energy Resources
(DERs, e.g. PV) at network edge

Promise of residential demand response, plug-in vehicle integration
(but still in trials)


No integration with utility operations (in particular, distribution SCADA)
“Second Wave” (begins 2011, worldwide)

Extensible infrastructure for critical utility operations

Supporting high level of DER penetration and systems integration

Communications focus: high-reliability Field Area Network, M2M
applications, more hierarchical/distributed control
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Smart Grid wireless solution
Smart Grid RAN based on LTE
Smart metering

TDD-LTE based

IEEE 802.15.4 PHY/MAC

1.8GHz licensed bands

ZigBee Pro protocols

Support 30,000 UE/cell

ZigBee Smart Energy Profile

Access density 512 times/sec

OTA feature support

High reliability(99.99%)

Tablet based IHD

Ultra Low latency (12ms)

Smart metering solution
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
Gateway demo

IHD demo
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Traffic characteristics of Smart Grid
AMI
Uplink
Packet length(bytes/event)
•
Downlink
DA
Uplink
Downlink
2264.36
25831.3
148.47
100.34
Packet interval (/device/second)
4.88e-4
1.509e-5
0.0515
0.0514
Data rate ( bit/s）
8.84
3.12
761.88
585.3
AMI and DA are in the same network
 including asset monitor and mobile workforces
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Key issues for Smart Grid distribution
automation

High density access of UE

30,000 meters to finish 2,400 bytes in 180s

99.99% reliability within 100ms

Multiple priorities of data

Long coverage


>20 years life time


>25km, -20dB additional loss
Scalability
Security
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LTE based network for smart grid
Power System Management Center
collector
ASN-GW
BS
Smart Metering
BS
EMS
BS
Collector/router
Ethernet/RS485
PLC
IEDs
Distribution Automation
Optical fiber
RF mesh
LTE
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Smart Metering
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Flexible networking for AMI and
Distribution
Sparse/low density residential
area, industrial area
LTE only
Medium/high density
residential, building
RF Mesh/RS485+LTE
Collector/router
Collector/router
CPE
IED
IED
smart meter/IED + WiMAX module/CPE
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Collector + LTE CPE
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Page 26
E2E security system
Storage
Air Wiretapping
（Data encryption）
Illegal LTE terminal access
（LTE terminal authentication）
Server
●
Portal
●
Border Protection
eNB
Backhaul
IP/MPLS
Unauthorized using
LTE network
ASN-GW
（User authentication）
eNB
The attack between
legitimate terminal
eNB
Security Transmission
Radius attack
（IPSec/VLAN/GRE）
（IPSec Tunnel）
（Sever IP Authentication filter）
Meter
Business Security
Data encryption
 Terminal authentication
 User authentication

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Network Security
Equipment Security
ACL filter/Flood protection
 OM data encryption (SSL)
 Physical isolation (VLAN)

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VPN/IPSec
 DHCP/PMIP message protection
 Radius signaling protection
 OS harden

Page 27
Guaranteed E2E reliability
Reliable Equipment
 99.999% system availability
 Geographical ASN-GW
redundancy
IP/MPLS
Network
Meter
ASN-GW
BS
Storage
BS
Reliable Wireless link
 Data error correction
 Data error check &
retransmission
 link adaptation
Reliable Wired link
 “Hot backup” link
 Auto connection failure
detection and alarming
Server Backup
 Database backup to
ensure data security
Multiple E2E Mechanisms to Ensure High Reliability
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Server
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Huawei end-end smart grid solutions
Finished projects
Ongoing/scheduled projects
Harbin
Chang
chun
Yinchuan
Tianjin
Taiyuan
Jinan
Xining
Lhasa
Shen
yang
Beijing
Hohhot
Urumqi
Xian
Chengdu
Chong
qing
Zheng
zhou
Wuhan
Hefei
Shanghai
Chang
sha
Guiyang
Kun
ming
Nanjing
Nanning
Nanch
ang
Hangz
hou
Fuzhou
Guangzhou
Haikou
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SGCC integrated data network backbone

Background
  AsBackground
SGCC’s Smart


Grid program, the informational platform named SGThe is
integrated
data
of the
National
Gridsystem
carries services
of thein integrative
ERP
the key
tonetwork
manage
the
entirePower
power
services
power
production
management
areas,
including
the
schedule
and
production
and unified.
management area and management information area (such as the office
In 2009, Huawei has helped SGCC to build the IDN (Integrated Data
automation system, management information system, and distance education
Network)
system) . backbone, covering 25 provinces, to take on SGCC integrated
services.

Huawei Solution

The integrated data network adopted a 3-layer architecture involving
national, regional and provincial nodes. Huawei NE40E/NE20E routers
were used to set up core, backbone and access layer, by MPLS
technology.
The entire network adopted a semi-full-mesh or full-mesh , to eliminate
single-point failure on the backbone links.
VPN QoS/H-QoS was deployed and the device and link reliability design
was adopted, paving a way for new services such as video and voice
services.



Benefits

The ERP system has been strongly supported by IDN, to provide
unified and intelligent management platform for SGCC.
Based on the uniform communication platform, and high quality
video phone and video meeting services are applied by SGCC.
The entire network has the N-1 protection, without single failure
point, so that the security and reliability of power services are
improved greatly.


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Dispatch
Generation
Transmission
Substation
Distribution
Information
Consume
Smart metering of British Gas
• DECC (Department of Energy
and Climate Change) will replace
50 million power and gas meter in
UK.
• BG is cooperating with VDF
(WAN), Landis+Gyr (HAN), Trilliant
(software), OSIsoft (hold meter data)
• Per BG’s private standard, the
WAN must support GPRS, DLMS
and roaming SIM. HAN must
comply with ZigBee and support
OTA.
• HAN include power meter, gas
meter, power switch and in-home
display.
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Huawei’s device for BG
• U8220+ZigBee SD card
• Android V2.2
• Mobile display and remote
controller
Mobile Display
• IDEOS S7+ZigBee SD card
•Android V2.2
•In-home display and
device controller
In Home Display
• Home gateway
•ZigBee/WiFi/3G cellular，Linux
2.6
Gateway
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Smart Grid solution based on TDD-LTE
•
TDD-LTE network with 5MHz bandwidth
• 1000 field devices
• 99.99% reliability within 100ms
• VOIP support
•
Case
Active users/sector/MHz
Downlink
70
Uplink
67
Metering support
AMI user
number
PRACH collision
probability
Access completion
delay(min)
Data transmission
delay (min)
End-to-end
delay (min)
5000
0.017558
6.38
0.71
7.09
10000
0.034701
12.98
1.42
14.4
15000
0.047728
19.74
2.13
21.87
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Dalian DA experiment TDD network
Client requirement



Dalian TDD DA network is an experiment network
sponsored by State Grid
The target is to provide a secure, reliable, accessible
communication pipe for Dalian’s grid system.
Requirement: practical, reliable, wide-coverage,
accessible, mature industrial chain.
Technique solution


Build a network with 4 base stations and 39
terminal based on 4G communication technologies.
CG-Bras network provides a reliable DA network,
which can also provide other applications such as
smart metering and video surveillance.
4G
system
Value




The experiment network shows the high reliability and
high security of 4G network applied in smart grid.
Low cost, quick, support multiple smart grid
applications.
Huawei is the first 4G smart grid builder.
State Grid set up the second experiment network plan
based on the success in Dalian.
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backhaul
Page 34
Outline

Connect Internet of Things

Communication networks for Smart Grid

Further radio access network evolvement
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Challenges for Smart Grid
communications

Technology Obsolescence


Fast innovation pace of ICT technologies
Scalability of data and performance

How to handle the applications and services that’s not envisioned
today?

Distributed energy


How can Smart Grid accommodate distributed energy resources?
Lack of Interoperable Standards

Complex system of sub-systems
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Preliminary vision on M2M
Incubation phase

A few small M2M applications in
the existing network

Take-off phase

With more M2M device/traffic,
there is a need to update/ optimize
the network for M2M applications.

Explosion phase

M2M device/traffic becomes far
Impact on H2H/H2M users

Re-design/engineer
RAN
Support M 2M RAN
Optimization Categories
to mitigate impact
M2M traffic carried
transparently over
legacy RAN
Incubation
phase
beyond that of H2H

Explosion
phase
Take-off
phase
The network should be designed
M2M object/traffic
for M2M
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Revisit vision on M2M
Horizontal
markets
Human-human
(H2H) network
Vertical markets
Machine-machine
(M2M) network
H2H
M2M
throughput
Subscribers
in 2020
Coverage
Working
Time
Bandwidth
range
7B
urban +
rural
busy
hour
Kbps~Mbp
s
nationwide
7*24
bps~Gbps
50B
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reliability,
robustness
What kind of LTE technology is needed?
Vertical player?
Operator?
Vender?
Is throughput or capacity
the only target?
Optimal Tradeoff Oriented LTE
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Low cost

What will happen?
 Capacity is greater than needed for Smart Grid


More power consumption

OPEX


Roaming, CN machines
Low efficiency for small data


defined traffic load
Signaling overhead
Tradeoff towards capacity- power-cost
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Reliability and latency

In LTE, reliability is achieved by HARQ and coding

A HARQ will introduce 10ms latency
or


The longer Turbo coding books, the better
Resource vs reliability + latency

ITS and mobile health
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?
Key take away

An End-End Smart Grid communications system shall be
standards-based to make sure interoperability.

The Huawei Smart Grid solution features end-end
communication from the access of substations and power
plants through transmission and distribution bearing, to
distribution automation and AMI.

Huawei dedicates to the network improvements for Smart
Grid communications
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Thanks for listening !
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