Transcript Gold - Communication and Distributed Systems

SPEEDUP Workshop:
Programmable
Networks
Richard Gold
Dr. Georg Carle
[email protected]
http://www.fokus.gmd.de/usr/richard.gold/
http://www.fokus.gmd.de/glone/
GMD FOKUS - Competence Center GloNe
and Technical University Berlin
Overview
 Past
– BANG Project: collaboration with Hitachi Japan
• Programmable Router (GR2000)
• Mobile Agent Platform
 Present
– Policy-based Routing
• Making intelligent routing decisions
 Future
– Overlay Networks
• Self-deploying Networks
FOKUS/Hitachi Key Technolgies
 Advanced Active Network Platform
– Intelligent Mobile Agent Platform
– Enhanced ORB Platform with Resource Control Framework (RCF)
– Enhanced Network Support: Active QoS Control Modules
(DiffServ, Meter access, Multicast Mediation)
 Applications
–
–
–
–
Video streaming (partial ‘hard’ reservation plus filtering)
VPN (policy, QoS, metering)
Multimedia Conferencing (QoS, multicast)
VoIP: association of call-setup signaling, QoS [DiffServ, adaptivity],
multicast, metering
– End-to-End QoS using IntServ and DiffServ
– Active Firewalling
Active Node Architecture
Open
IP
Router
APIs
Active
Router
(PC)
Distributed Applications’ Components -
Forwarding function (point-to-point, multicast), bandwidth, delay,
IMAs
jitter, info. loss + ANSP Services
Distributed Processing
EE
EE
Environment
(DPE) Execution Environment
Active Node Facilities
(Resource Abstraction Provisioning, Partitioning, Configuration,
Management, Security etc.)
Active Node Software Platform -ANSP
Enhanced ORB
Intelligent Mobile Agent
(Real-time & Multicast)
Platform Services
API
s
Lightweight Basis ORB - Compact ORB
MIB Wrapper
Programmmable Router API
WP 1.1
SNMP
Router Interface Extension
router control via MIB (ex.
GR 2000
Router
Qos-)
Router Ctrl Interface within router
Switching / Multiplexing
Hardware Packet
Forwarder
Native Computing Environment
Transmission (Network Interface - NIF)
Active Node Architecture
P1520
Interfaces
V
Active Applications
Installation
U
…
=> Needed Modules
QoS
for IP QoS support
L-
GR2k Java-Interface
GR2k C-Interface
CCM
QoS
GR2k
Component
AN platform
Mob. Agent Exten. for AN
Enhanced
ORB
Execution
Environment
Mobile Agent
Platf.
GR 2000
•QoS Configuration
•Filter Configuration
Host
Manager
MA Active Node Architecture
 AN Platform
– active host software
– code download
– runs the host manager
 Components
– small programs managing the GR2000
– installed by mobile agents
 Host Manager
– manages the installation, execution and de-installation of
components
 Execution Environments
– Sandbox for components
Active Node Architecture
Extended Active Networking Platform:
Needed Modules for Active IP QoS Control
V
Applications
U
L+
RSVPd
(legacy)
Active Programs
DiffServ
AN platform
L-
Netlink Sockets (Linux QoS)
GR2k C-Interface
Kernel
CCM
GR2k
NIC
Mob. Agent Exten. for AN
Enhanced
ORB
Mobile Agent
Platf.
Programmability
 Active code programs using standardized interfaces
(additionally to direct access to the router via the GR2k
Java/C interfaces)
 Interface modules:
– Multicast: Membership management (IETF IDMR WG)
Mediation (IETF MALLOC WG)
– QoS:
RSVP (RSVP-API, Traffic Control Interface),
DiffServ functionality
(Traffic Control Interface, Bandwidth Brokers)
– Metering: Access to IP Meter for active applications
BANG Key Features
 Value-Added IP Active Network Nodes
(Active Router, Active Communication Server)
 Value-Added IP Service Creation:
high-level services (IP Telephony, VPN) require association of
several basic IP services
 Three level architecture (active [U], programmable [L+], fixed
part [L-]) reflects performance vs. flexibility tradeoff
 Code distribution: Mobile Agent and DPE platforms
 Distinction between node-local and network-wide functionality
=> Extended network view for active application development
and deployment
 Transition to a programmable/active network:
partial AN deployment with full end-to-end QoS support
 Architecture supports legacy software architectures: RSVP
implementations, DiffServ on Linux implementation
Service Creation Examples
 Video on Demand (partial ‘hard’ reservation plus
filtering)
 VPN (policy, QoS [reservation], metering)
 Multimedia Conferencing (QoS [reservation],
multicast)
 VoIP / IP Telephony: association of call-setup
signaling, QoS [DiffServ, adaptivity], multicast,
metering
 End-to-End QoS using IntServ and DiffServ
 Active Firewalling: Fast reactions against attacks
Active Applications: Service Creation
 Creation of high-level services (Telephony) require association of
several basic IP services
 Significant performance gains can be achieved when basic IP
services are employed in a coordinated way
Customer
premises
ISP Access
network
A
B
PS
(overprovisioning)
Active Node
PS Policy Server
Backbone
RSVP
Legacy Router
Legacy Switch
PS
DiffServ
Active code
distribution
FOKUS/Hitachi Testbed at GMD Fokus
“Active Internet Lab”
Private IP Network
Router PC
GR2000
tokyo
Active Internet Lab
100 Mbit/s
155 Mbit/s
Controller GR2000
sapporo
kobe
TIP Lab
GR2000
kyoto
Controller
yokohama
Controller
osaka
Pump PC
Client PC
Layer PC
Master PC
Encoder PC
VGA switch /
Monitor
Beamer
GMD FOKUS
Infrastructure
Network
Router to
Internet
hermes
Twisted pair
Fiber/POS
VGA
Present: Policy-based Routing
 Detour Routing + Peterson’s work on end-to-end
media streams
 Use Active Nets to deploy intelligence onto edge
devices
 Make decisions based on metrics/policies concerning
how to route a flow through the network
 Multiple metrics/policies allow for increased
intelligence in the routing decisions that we can take
 Programmable Networks provide substrate for
introducing informed routing decisions into the
network
Present: Policy-based Routing
 Current Node Architecture
– ANTS
• Active Network Execution Environment
– Openet
• Programmable Router interface
– ABONE
• Provides virtual topology and packet
demultiplexing
– Linux v2.4 Kernel & GR2000
• Provide flexible routing infrastructure
Application scenario
 Re-routing of non-time sensitive application
flows
LR1
Routing Table
Alterations
SRC
Redirection
PR1
Active Code
PR2
Media Flow
DST
Application Scenario
 Re-routing of non-time sensitive application
flows
Media Flow
SRC
LR1
PR1
PR2
Other Traffic
DST
Future: Overlay Networks
 Decentralized systems like Peer-to-Peer applications
(Gnutella, FreeNet etc.) have scalability problems
 Lack of fixed infrastructure means that infrastructure must be
created by the nodes of the overlay network
 Provide BGP-like hierarchies and route aggregation for Ad-Hoc
Overlay Networks
 System also self-organizing: does not require static AS
definitions, groups are dynamically created at runtime
depending on metrics (delay, hops etc.)
 Scales up and down according to number of nodes in the
system
 Related work: SOAR at UCL, Rendezvous at Washington Uni
Future: Overlay Networks
 Proposal: Programmable Networks allow us to make intelligent
routing decisions
 Problem with tunnelled overlay networks is sub-optimal routing
due to routing decision being based on the encapsulating
packet header
 With Programmable Networks we can make routing decisions
based upon the tunnelled packet header
 Application-awareness in the network is thus easy to deploy as
it just consists of injecting new code onto selective active
devices in the network
Conclusions
 Programmable Networks consist of intelligent IP router and colocated Active Network platform
 Combines the flexibility of Active Networks with the highperformance of a hardware-based router
 Past application: Active Loss Concealment (IWAN2000 paper)
 Currently we are building a policy-based routing system based
upon Programmable Networks
 One future direction is the usage of Programmable Networks
to steer Overlay Networks (OpenArch’01 paper)