Transcript CGS 1000 - the HCC Home Page

CGS 1000
Introduction to Computers and
Technology
Summer 2007
Topics
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Quiz
Chapter 2
Class Activity
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Word
Quiz
1.
Collection of computers and devices connected together
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2.
A series of instructions that tells the computer what to do
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3.
Program
Software
Both
None of the above
Web Browser is an example of:
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4.
Online
Internet
Network
Hardware
System Software
Operating System
Utility Program
Application software
A special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product
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Personal Computer
Laptop
Embedded Computer
Game Console
Chapter 2
The Internet and World Wide Web
Objectives
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6.
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Explain how to access and connect to the Internet
Explain how to view pages and search for
information on the Web
Describe the types of Web sites
Identify the steps required for Web publishing
Describe the types of e-commerce
Explain how e-mail, FTP, newsgroups and message
boards, mailing lists, chat rooms, Instant messaging,
and Internet telephony work
Identify the rules of netiquette
Internet
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Worldwide collection of networks that connects
millions of businesses, government agencies,
educational institutions, and individuals.
More than 1 billion users
Internet Services
Chat
Web
Email
Chat
Internet
Telephony
How did the Internet originate?
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A Networking project started by an agency of
US Dept. of Defense
Goal:
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To build a network that allowed scientists at different
locations to share information
To function if part of network were disabled
Name: ARPANET [Advanced Research
Projects Agency]
Became functional September 1969
How has the Internet grown?
Today
More than 350 million computer linked hosts
1984
More than 1,000 hosts
1969
Four hosts
Who controls the Internet?
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No one- it is a public, cooperative, and
independent network
Several organizations set standards
World Wide Web
Consortium (W3C)
 Oversees research, sets
standards and guidelines
How can you connect to the Internet?
Slow-speed
technology
Dial-up access
modem in your
computer uses a
standard telephone line
to connect to the Internet
Connection must be established
each time you log on.
Slow but inexpensive
High-speed
connection
Digital subscriber line (DSL),
cable telephone Internet
services (CATV), cable modem,
fixed wireless, and satellite modems
Connection is always on—
whenever the computer
is running
What are ways to access the
Internet?
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ISP (Internet Service Provider), regional or
national.
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OSP (Online Service Provider)
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E.g.: Earthlink, AT&T
E.g.: MSN, AOL
WISP (Wireless Internet Service Provider)
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E.g.:T-Mobile, Cingular, Verizon
How data travels?
What is a domain name?
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Text version of Internet protocol (IP)
address
Number that uniquely identifies
each computer or device
connected to Internet
What is a Web browser?
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Program that allows you to view Web pages
Microsoft
Internet
Explorer
Firefox
Netscape
Opera
Mozilla
Safari
How does a Web browser display a home
page?
Step 2.
Web browser
looks up the home
page setting
Step 3.
Step 1.
Click the Web browser
program name
Step 4.
The home page
displays in the Web
browser
The Web browser
communicates with the
ISP’s server to retrieve
the IP address. The IP
address is sent to your
computer.
The World Wide Web
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What is a home page?
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The first page that a Web site displays
Often provides connections to other Web pages
What is downloading?
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The process of a computer receiving information
Depending upon connection speed, downloading can take
from a few seconds to several minutes
The World Wide Web
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What is a URL?
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Uniform Resource Locator
Unique address for a Web page
What is a hyperlink?
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Built-in connection to another related
Web page location
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Item found elsewhere on same Web page
Different Web page at same Web site
Web page at a different Web site
The World Wide Web
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How can you recognize links?
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Pointer changes to a small hand when you point to
a link
A link can be text or an image
Text links are usually underlined and in a different
color
The World Wide Web
What is a search
engine?
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Program used to find
Web sites and
Web pages by
entering words or
phrases called search
text.
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The World Wide Web
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What is a subject directory?
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Search tool with organized set of topics and
subtopics
Lets you find information by clicking links rather
than entering keywords
The World Wide Web
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What are the eleven basic types of Web sites?
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Portal
News
Informational
Business/Marketing
Educational
Entertainment
Advocacy
Blog
Wiki
Content Aggregator
Personal
The World Wide Web
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Portal
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Website that offers variety of Internet services
from a single convenient location.
Like search engine, news, sports, weather etc, web
publishing services, shopping, email, maps etc
AOL, Yahoo!, Lycos, MSN etc
The World Wide Web
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News
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Website contains newsworthy material.
Like current affairs, news, weather, sports etc
CNN, Fox News
The World Wide Web
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Informational
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Website contains factual information.
Like Govt. Agencies etc
IRS,
The World Wide Web
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Business/Marketing
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Website contains content that promotes or sells
products or services.
Private companies
Amazon
The World Wide Web
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Educational
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Website offers avenues for formal & informal
teaching & learning opportunities.
Universities, Online Learning
HCC
The World Wide Web
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Entertainment
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Website offers interactive & engaging environment.
Like music, videos, sports, games
Shockwave.com
The World Wide Web
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Advocacy
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Website contains content that describes a cause,
opinion or idea.
Of a particular group or association
The World Wide Web
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Blog
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Short for Web Log.
Informal website consisting of time-stamped
articles or posts in a diary or journal format.
Lists opinions, interests of author.
The World Wide Web
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Wiki
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Collaborative web site that allows users to add,
modify or delete content.
Popular one is Wikipedia.
The World Wide Web
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Content Aggregator
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Business that gathers & organizes content & then
distributes or feeds to subscribers for free or a fee.
Technology is RSS (Really simple Syndication)
Major news, stocks websites.
The World Wide Web
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Personal
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Private individual or family not associated with any
organization.
Contains personal information, pictures etc
The World Wide Web
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Guidelines for evaluating the value of a website:
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Affiliation: A reputable institution should support the website
without bias in information
Audience: should be written at an appropriate level.
Authority: list author & appropriate credentials
Content: well organized & links should work
Currency: information is current
Design: pages should download quickly, look is pleasing & easy to
navigate
Objectivity: little advertisement & free of preconceptions
The World Wide Web
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Multimedia:
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Application integrating text with other elements like:
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Graphics,
Animation,
Audio,
Video,
Virtual reality
Plug-ins
The World Wide Web
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Graphic:
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Digital representation of non-text information such as
drawing, chart, photograph. Different formats:
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JPEG: (Joint Photographic Experts Group) .jpg, .jpeg, .jpe, .jfif
GIF: (Graphics Interchange Format) .gif works best for images
with few distinct colors.
Thumbnail: small version of a larger image used to
improve web page display time.
The World Wide Web
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Animation:
 Appearance of motion created by displaying a
series of still images in sequence.
Audio:
 Music, speech, or any other sound
 Individual compressed sound files that you
download from the Web to your computer
 Common Web audio file formats are AA, AAC,
AIFF, ASF, MP3, WAV, WMA, RA, and QT
The World Wide Web
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Streaming Audio:
 Transfers data in a continuous and even flow.
 Enables you to listen to the sound as it downloads
to your computer
 Radio stations use streaming audio to broadcast
over the Web
The World Wide Web
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Video:
 Consists of full-motion images with sound
played back at various speeds
 MPEG (Moving Pictures Experts Group) is
popular video compression standard
The World Wide Web
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Virtual Reality:
 Use of computers to simulate real or imagined
environment
 Appears as a three dimensional (3-D) space
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Used for games and many practical applications
The World Wide Web
Plug-ins:
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Programs that
extend the
capability of a
browser
You can
download
many plug-ins
at no cost from
various Web
sites
Web Publishing
Step 2.
Analyze and
design the
Web site
Step 1.
Plan the
Web site
Step 3.
Create the
Web site
Step 5.
Maintain the
Web site
Step 4.
Deploy the
Web site
E-Commerce
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Electronic Commerce
Business transaction that occurs over the
Internet
3 types:
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B2C (Business-to-consumer)
C2C (Consumer-to-consumer)
B2B (Business-to-business)
E-Commerce
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B2C
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C2C
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Sale of goods & services to general public
E.g.: Dell
One consumer sells directly to another.
Online auction
E.g.: eBay
B2B
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Businesses provide goods & services to other businesses
Online advertising, recruiting, training
Other internet services
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Email
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Electronic mail
The transmission of messages and files via a
computer network
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Messages can consist of simple text or can contain
attachments, such as documents, graphics, or
audio/video clips
Internet access providers usually provide an e-mail
program
How does an e-mail message travel?
Step 1.
Using e-mail
software, you
create and send
message
Step 2.
Your software
contacts software
on your ISP’s
outgoing mail
server
Step 4.
When recipient uses
e-mail software to check
for e-mail messages, the
message transfers from
incoming mail server to
recipient’s computer
Step 3.
Software on outgoing mail server
determines best route for data and sends
message, which travels along Internet
routers to recipient’s incoming mail server
Other internet services
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FTP
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Newsgroup
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File Transfer Protocol
Internet standard that permits you to upload and
download files with other computers on the
Internet
Online area where users discuss a particular subject
Message Boards
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Web based discussion group
Other internet services
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Mailing List
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Group of e-mail addresses given a single name
When a message is sent to the mailing list,
everyone on the list receives the message
Chat
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Real-time typed conversation that takes place on a
computer
Chat room is location on server that permits users
to discuss topics of interest
Other internet services
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Instant Messaging
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A real-time Internet communications service that
notifies you when one or more people are online
and allows you to exchange messages or files
Internet Telephony
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Enables users to speak to other users over the
Internet using their computer
Netiquette
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Internet etiquette
Code of acceptable behaviors users should
follow while on the Internet
Golden Rule: Treat others as you would like
them to treat you.
Chapter Summary
History and structure of the Internet
Newsgroups and Message Boards
The World Wide Web
Chat Rooms and Instant Messaging
E-Mail
Internet Telephony
FTP
Netiquette
Questions?