Transcript Intro to Information Systems

BUSI 240
Introduction to Information Systems
Tuesday & Thursday 8:05am – 9:30am
Wyant Lecture Hall
Please sign the roster on the back table.
6-1
Current Events – What’s going on?
Bill Gates's successor at Microsoft to retire
The Microsoft Corp executive who took over the role
of chief software architect from Bill Gates is to step
down, following a tenure in which the Windowsmaker lost ground to Google and Apple.
http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE69H4Z320101019?type=technologyNews
6-2
Current Events – What’s going on?
Apple’s Jobs goes after Google, tablet
rivals
It’s not often Steve Jobs shows up on a routine
earnings call. And when he showed up on Monday’s,
he made a splash.
Coincidentally showing up right after the company’s
shares racked up their largest post-earnings fall in
recent memory, Jobs thrashed Google’s Android
mobile operating system and a clutch of competitors
rushing to stake out territory in the explosive tablet
market he helped create. http://blogs.reuters.com/mediafile/2010/10/18/apples-jobsgoes-after-google-tablet-rivals/
6-3
Current Events – What’s going on?
Internet users to exceed 2 billion this year
The number of Internet users will surpass two billion
this year, approaching a third of the world population,
but developing countries need to step up access to the
vital tool for economic growth, a United Nations agency
said on Tuesday.
http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE69I24720101019?type=technologyNews
6-4
Assignment #2
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6-5
Due Tuesday, February 24th – before 8:05am
(correction from Tuesday’s slide)
Submit via DropBox at online.apu.edu
Quiz #3
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6-6
Covers Chapter 5 & 6
20 questions, 1 point per question
Available Tuesday, February 22, 2011 at 9:30am
Due Thursday, February 24, 2011 at 8:00am
Mid-Term
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6-7
Covers Chapter 1 thru 6
50 questions, 2 points per question
Available Tuesday, March 1, 2011 at 9:30am
Due Thursday, March 3, 2011 at 8:00am
An Intranet
A
network inside an organization
 That
uses Internet technologies (such as Web browsers
and servers, TCP/IP protocols, HTML, etc.)
 To provide an Internet-like environment within the
organization
 For information sharing, communications,
collaboration and support of business processes
 Protected by security measures
 Can be accessed by authorized users through the
Internet
6-8
Enterprise Information Portal
6-9
Extranet
 Network
 To
links that use Internet technologies
connect the Intranet of a business
 With the Intranets of its customers, suppliers or other
business partners
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Extranet Uses
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The Origins of the Internet
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Project: Department of Defense’s Advanced Research Projects
Agency (DARPA) in 1969.
Goal: develop a wartime digital communications network
Specifications: The network must be able to quickly reroute
digital traffic around failed nodes.
Worse Case Scenario: Be able to communicate during/after
nuclear attacks on multiple metropolitan areas
Users: Government offices and educational institutions
The Origins of the Internet
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Initial Name: ARPANET
First Node: UCLA
2nd & 3rd Nodes: UC Santa Barbara and University of Utah
Concept: the idea that there would be multiple independent
networks connected through an “Internetworking Architecture”.
Timeline of the internet
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Challenges of building the Internet
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Flexible and platform agnostic communication
protocols did not exist
The internet would not be possible without a set of
communication protocols called TCP/IP
TCP/IP was developed in 1972 by Robert Kahn and
Vincent Cerf at Stanford Univ.
The basic premise of TCP/IP is to “join almost any
networks together, no matter what their
characteristics were/[are]”
A Brief Summary of the
Evolution of the Internet
Packet
Switching
First Vast Invented
Computer
1964
Network
Silicon Envisioned
A
Chip
1962
Mathematical 1958
Theory of
Communication
Memex
1948
Conceived
1945
1945
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Hypertext
Invented
1965
Mosaic
WWW Created
Internet Created 1993
Named
1989
and
Goes
TCP/IP TCP/IP
Created
1984
ARPANET 1972
1969
Age of
eCommerce
Begins
1995
1995
By January 2009
The Internet Reached Two
Important Milestones:
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Internet Growth Trends
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1977: 111 hosts on Internet
1981: 213 hosts
1983: 562 hosts
1984: 1,000 hosts
1986: 5,000 hosts
1987: 10,000 hosts
1989: 100,000 hosts
1992: 1,000,000 hosts
2001: 150 – 175 million hosts
2002: over 200 million hosts
2008 (July): over 500 million hosts
By 2009 (January): over 600 million hosts
By end of 2010, about 80% of the planet will be on the Internet
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Number of Hosts
August 1981 to January 2009
700,000,000
600,000,000
500,000,000
400,000,000
300,000,000
200,000,000
100,000,000
0
Internet Hosts
Top 10 Countries
United States
Japan
39,909,000
Germany
Italy
22,606,000
17,702,000
China
14,306,000
France
14,256,000
Australia
11,134,000
Netherlands
10,983,000
Mexico
10,653,000
Brazil
6-20
316,000,000
9,573,000
Statistics from the IITF Report
The Emerging Digital Economy *
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To get a market of 50 Million People Participating:
 Radio took 38 years
 TV took 13 years
 Once it was open to the General Public, The Internet made to the
50 million person audience mark in just 4 years!!!
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http://www.ecommerce.gov/emerging.htm
 Released on April 15, 1998
* Delivered to the President and the U.S. Public on April 15, 1998 by Bill Daley,
Secretary of Commerce and Chairman of the Information Infrastructure Task Force
6-21
Internet Applications
Download and
Computer
Surf and
E-mail
E-Commerce
Internet Chat
and
Discussion Forums
Social Networks
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Popular Uses
of the
Internet
Transfer
Protocol (FTP)
and Telnet
Search Engines
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Challenges for the future
 TCP/IP,
the underlying protocol that enables the
internet has flaws
 There
are multiple proposals to fix the flaws
 Study
Predicts Internet Users Face Bandwidth
Drought by the end of 2010
 Infrastructure
investments
 Projected traffic patterns
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6-27
Video
Peer-to-peer
Mobile computing
Chapter
6a
Telecommunications and
Networks
Business value of networks
The Internet
Network components
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Network Concepts
 Network
 An
interconnected chain, group or system
 Number
(N-1)
 Where
of possible connections on a network is N *
N = number of nodes (points of connections on
the network)
 Example, if there are 10 computers on a network, there
are 10 * 9 = 90 possible connections
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Metcalfe’s Law
 The
usefulness of a network equals the square of the
number of users
 On a small network, a change in technology affects
technology only
 On a large network like the Internet, a change in
technology affects social, political and economic
systems
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Telecommunications
 Telecommunications
 Exchange
of information in any form (voice, data, text,
images, audio, video) over networks
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Trends in Telecommunications
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Open Systems
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Information systems that use common standards for hardware,
software, applications and networks
Internet networking technologies are a common standard for
open systems
Connectivity:
 Ability of networked computers to easily access and
communicate with each other and share information
Interoperability:
 The ability of an open system to enable end user applications
to be accomplished using different varieties of computer
systems, software packages, and databases provided by a
variety of interconnected networks
Middleware
 Any
programming that serves to “glue together” two
separate programs
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Digital Network Technologies
 Rapid
change from analog to digital network
technologies
 Analog: voice-oriented transmission, sound waves
 Digital: discrete pulse transmission
 Digital allows:
 Higher
transmission speed
 Larger amounts of information
 Greater economy
 Lower error rates
 Multiple forms of communications on same circuit
6-35
Internet2
 Next
generation of the Internet
 High-performance network
 In use at 200 universities, scientific institutions,
communications corporations
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Business Value of
Telecommunication Networks
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The Internet
 Over
46 million servers (2004)
 710 – 945 million users (2004)
 No central computer system
 No governing body
 No one owns it
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Internet Service Provider
 ISP
A
company that specializes in providing easy access to
the Internet
 For a monthly fee, you get software, user name,
password and access
 ISPs
are connect to one another through network
access points
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Popular uses of the Internet
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Using the Internet for business
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Business value of the Internet
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An Intranet
A
network inside an organization
 That
uses Internet technologies (such as Web browsers
and servers, TCP/IP protocols, HTML, etc.)
 To provide an Internet-like environment within the
organization
 For information sharing, communications,
collaboration and support of business processes
 Protected by security measures
 Can be accessed by authorized users through the
Internet
6-43
Enterprise Information Portal
6-44
Extranet
 Network
 To
links that use Internet technologies
connect the Intranet of a business
 With the Intranets of its customers, suppliers or other
business partners
6-45
Extranet Uses
6-46