Transcript Electronic Business and Business Mobility Enabling Technologies

Information systems and
management in business
Chapter 3
Electronic Business and Business
Mobility Enabling Technologies
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.1 Introduction

E-Biz enables and facilitates





E-Biz service key delivery goals


E commerce
Intra-organizational collaboration
Inter-organizational collaboration
Business mobility
Electronic, efficient, cost effective, secure and
interactive
E-Biz service delivered via a set of
powerful enabling technologies
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.2 E Business Technologies
 E-Biz enabling technologies Classification
 May be classified into seven different
categories
 Internet
 Servers
 Data Structuring
 Security
 Interactivity
 Business Mobility
 Interoperability

http://www.halaeducation.com/BookImag
es/Ch3/Figure31.jpg
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.3 The Internet, Key processes and
Protocols

The Internet – What is it?


When an umber of local area networks
(LANs) and wide area networks (WANs)
are connected together, the result is a
larger network which is typically
referred to as an internetwork
The Internet is the most popular
internetwork
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.3 The Internet, Key processes and
Protocols

The Internet Key processes and
technologies

Two key processes


Web request and fulfillment process
Addressing
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.3 The Internet, Key processes and
Protocols
 Web request and fulfillment process
 The action involving a user requesting a Web
contents through an Internet browser and a
Web server delivering the requested contents
 Two way information exchange process
between a client software and a Web server
 Typically there exist no relationship between
the client and the Web server
 The relation is established via the Web
process and is terminated at the end of it
 A Web process is normally initiated with Web
contents requests by a user
 Every new request establishes a new process
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.3 The Internet, Key processes and
Protocols
 Web request and fulfillment process
 How does it Work?
 A four steps process
 Step1: Web contents request
 Step 2: Web request forward to Web
server
 Step3: Web server action – response
 Step4: Client software response
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.3 The Internet, Key processes and
Protocols


Internet addressing process
Every Web server connected to the
Internet has a unique physical
address


known as a uniform resource locator or
URL
Web contents could be located and
sourced from
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.3 The Internet, Key processes and
Protocols
 Internet addressing process
 The general structure for a URL
Protocol://Domain Name: Port/Virtual
directory/File Name? Parameters
 Example
 http://www.halaeducation.com/Mybook/B
ook.htm?name=me&password=allowed
 Ampersand – & used to separate multiple
parameters
 = sign is used separate the parameter
from its value
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.3 The Internet, Key processes and
Protocols

TCP/IP






A critically important Protocol
TCP/IP stands for transmission control
protocol/Internet protocol
It is a communication protocol which is used
by computers to communicate with each other
over the internet
It is compatible with most modern operating
systems, computer hardware and networking
configurations
provides reliable delivery and is able to deliver
packets efficiently
free and none proprietary protocol
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.4 Web Server definition and Primary
Features
 What a Server?
 A combination of computer hardware
and software
 Dedicated to serving files or data to
requesting client computers
 Clients are typically connected to it over a
network link
 Known types
 File, database, transactions and Web servers
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.4 Web Server definition and Primary
Features
What is a Web Server?
Essentially a Web server runs a software
suite (program) that enables it to
accomplish a number of tasks







Serving Web contents to requesting
browsers.
Providing security to Web contents and the
associated Web site.
Facilitating server administration and
management.
Providing proxy capabilities.
Supporting data-driven Web sites
(Interactivity)
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.5 Data Structuring Technologies

Data Structuring Technologies
 Within the domain of e business there
exist two important document
structuring languages or authoring
tools - technologies
 HTML and the XML
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.5 Data Structuring Technologies

Hyper Text Markup Language – HTML




Hyper text markup language is a data
structuring tool that is primarily used to create
Web contents
Web browsers are typically the software
medium which is used to display HTML based
documents
An HTML document would typically contain
various predefined tags
Tags examples
 <p> defines a paragraph, <h1> defines a
headline, <img> define an image
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.5 Data Structuring Technologies

Extensible Markup Language – XML




standard and none proprietary programming
language used for documents structuring
Employ tags for structuring documents
XML tags are defined by the document’s
creator and they are not predefined
XML tags are created in a manner that
describe and give meaning to the tag’s
contents
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.5 Data Structuring Technologies
 Extensible Markup Language – XML
 Example
 <Mobile No> 0433222445 </ Mobile No>
 XML documents Key advantage
 Can be shared and processed by computer
applications that do not have to be running
the same operating systems or similar
software applications
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.6 Interoperability Technologies - Web
Services
 What Are Web Services?
 computer programs or software
modules
 Accessed remotely over the Internet by
generic browsers or software clients
 Generic browsers or software clients are
resident in another computer
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.6 Interoperability Technologies - Web
Services

Web Services Key Benefits

Interoperability

provide seamless interoperability between
various computer applications running in
different platforms and supported by
differing operating systems

disparate computers can talk to each other
without the need for costly and time
consuming investment in middleware
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.6 Interoperability Technologies - Web
Services

Web Services Key Benefits



Minimal investment
 Utilization of Internet infrastructure and none
proprietary technologies
Standard Technologies
 Communication protocols, browsing
technologies, document structuring, etc…
Simple to use and integrate
 Web services could be called upon either from
an Internet browser or integration within a
client software application using XML and
SOAP
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.6 Interoperability Technologies - Web
Services

Web Services Underpinning
Technologies




Extensible Markup Language (XML)
Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)
Universal Description, Discovery and
Integration (UDDI)
Web Services Description Language
(WSDL)
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.6 Interoperability Technologies - Web
Services

Web Services Issues of Concerns –
Disadvantages

Security


All aspects of Internet based information
exchange security challenge arise
Reliability and Availability


As a consumer always dependant on the
provider of such Web services
No control on availability or lack of it
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.7 Virtual Private Network (VPN)

What is a virtual private network?

The ability of a computer or a computer
which is connected to a private network
to securely accesses another private
network over a public network such as
the Internet
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.7 Virtual Private Network (VPN)
 The Strategic Business value of Virtual Private
Networks
 A VPN offer the option to conduct secure, reliable, global
and cost effective business information exchange over the
Internet and wireless wide area networks
 enables employees of an organization located in remote
offices to connect and access their organization
cooperate network

eliminates the need for having costly infrastructure
 Provides businesses with the ability to provide flexible
working practices and support business mobility
 mobile workers ability to access cooperate network
 A business can collaborate with partners over the Internet
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.7 Virtual Private Network (VPN)
 Internet Security Technologies - Virtual Private
Network Tunneling and Protocols
 VPN provide security and privacy through the use of
VPN tunneling, encryption and firewall
authentication
 VPN tunneling basically involves establishing and
maintaining a logical network connection
 The tunnel is then used to transmit encrypted data
between a client and a server using specific VPN
protocol format
 Three protocols are designed to work with VPN
tunneling
 Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)
 Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP)
 Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) [24
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.8 Business Mobility Technologies

What is Wireless Local Area Network
– WLAN ?




A local area network
Does not use cables or wires in order
for a client computer to connect to it
Uses radio waves to transmit and
receive data
Short distance communication
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.8 Business Mobility Technologies
 WLAN Communication Standards
 Typically based on the IEEE 802.11 series of
standards - known as Wi-Fi
 The standards generally distinguished from
one another
 They operate on different bands, have a
different data transfer rates and transmission
range
 Three standards exist
 802.11a - 5 Ghz, 54 Mbps, 60-120 feet
 802.11b - 2.4 GHz, 11 Mbps, up to 300 feet
 802.11g - 2.4 GHz54, Mbps, 65-120 feet
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.8 Business Mobility Technologies

WLAN Devices or Components

Two basic WLAN components
Access points (APs)
 Wireless network card

Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.8 Business Mobility Technologies
 Wi-Fi Hot Spots
Basically wireless local area networks
Provide public access to the Internet
Access either paid or unpaid
Likely to come across in a public place such as
airports lounges, hotels, cafes, universities, etc..
 People with mobile devices that are fitted with Wi-Fi
cards can connect to Wi-Fi hot spot service




 Mobile devices are able to locate the nearest
service to them and connect to it
 Hot spots services are published in various
directories
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.8 Business Mobility Technologies

What is a wireless Wide Area
Network – WWAN ?


Basically a network that is capable of
delivering data connectivity over a wide
spread geographical area without the
need for cabling
Employs cellular network technologies,
radio, satellite and mobile phone
technologies
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.9 Interactivity Technologies - DataDriven Dynamic Web Sites

What are Data-Driven Dynamic Web
Sites?



One that is able to interact with its user
and deliver contents dynamically
Typically contents stored in a database
Internet banking, online hotel & airlines
reservation, shopping online – are
typical examples
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.9 Interactivity Technologies - DataDriven Dynamic Web Sites
 Data-Driven Dynamic Web Sites
Technologies Overview
 A number of Internet technologies deliver
dynamic contents
 Also known as processing technologies or
scripting languages
 Three widely used technologies
 Php and ASP .net
 Server based
 All processing performed at server side and not
the client side
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.9 Interactivity Technologies - DataDriven Dynamic Web Sites
 Data-Driven Dynamic Web Sites
Technologies Overview
Ajax
 A combination of technologies which
include HTML , CSS, Javascript, DOM and
XMLHttpRequest
 Client side processing
 Other technologies exist
 Python and Ruby
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.9 Interactivity Technologies - DataDriven Dynamic Web Sites

Advantages of Processing Web Contents
Requests at the Server Side
 Dynamic Web pages contains code as well as
script (programming code)
 Processing takes place at the server side
 Server process the Web page and associated
script
 The server returns html to browser for display
but not the code
 Above combination of features results in
advantages
 Saving in bandwidth
 providing code security
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.10 The php Processing Technology




PHP Overview
A Php files ends with the .php
extension for distinction
Php code is embedded within the
html of the Web page
Php statements are enclosed
between angle brackets and
distinguished by starting and ending
with ?
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.10 The php Processing Technology

Php example









<html>
<body>
<center>
<?php print "Welcome", $mytitle, $myname;
?>
</center>
</body>
</html>
This page returns a Welcome message with a
name and a title as entered by the person
interacting with the page
Typically name and title would be entered via a
Web form
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.11 The ASP .Net Processing Engine
 What is ASP .NET?
 ASP .NET stands for active server pages .NET
 Proprietary technology
 Key features
 Code behind
 HTML is separated from the scripting code
 Enhances maintenance and coding upgrade
 Server side Web controls
 ASP .NET provides various categories of serverside Web controls ready for use by developers
 Text boxes, drop down lists, labels, etc..
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
3.11 The ASP .Net Processing Engine
 Key features
 Objects
 Various predefined and tested objects –
Minimize development and testing time
 Three main objects
 Response object
 Interaction with user
 Request object
 Collects data from users
 Session object
 Maintain interactivity between pages requests
 Data Access
 Facilities data access and storage
 ADO .net – key component
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
Chapter 3 Knowledge Enhancement
and Consolidation Tools and Exercises


Visit the book’s Web site
www.halaeducation.com & select
module 3
Perform Chapter 1 associated demo
and case study through their
respective demo and case Studies
Links
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
Chapter 3 Problems Solving Skills
Development


Visit the book’s Web site
www.halaeducation.com & select
module 3
Perform Chapter 1 associated skills
development through their
respective skills development
exercises link
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi
Chapter 3 Balancing Knowledge to
Practice


Visit the book’s Web site
www.halaeducation.com & select
module 3
Perform Chapter 1 associated
Balancing Knowledge to Practice
project through its respective Hands
on Project Link
Information systems and
management in business Dr Ali H
Higgi