Transcript DHCP

DHCP
Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol
Lab # 4
• DHCP is a client/server protocol that
automatically provides an IP host with its IP
address and other related configuration
information such as the subnet mask and default
gateway. RFCs 2131 and 2132 define DHCP as an
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard
based on the Boot Protocol (BOOTP), with which
it shares many implementation details.
DHCP discovery
“I NEED AN IP ADDRESS!”
DHCP server offers
“You can have 17.14.8.19 for 20 mins”
“You can have 17.14.9.89 for 1 hr”
:
DHCP request
“OK, let me have 17.14.8.19 for 20 mins”
DHCP ACK
“Your IP is now 17.14.8.19 for 20 mins”
• Setup the first computer in every network as a
DHCP server and have the other computers in
the group point to it as DHCP clients. Thus
computer 192.168.230.1 – which will be
configured as DHCP server has static IP but all
the clients get IP address from the Server.
Configure DHCP client
• Start->Control Panel->Network Connections.
Right-click and select Open. Select anyone of
the local area connections and click. Click
Properties. Local Area connection properties
window appears. Select Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP) and click Properties. Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP) Properties window appears. Select
the radio button ‘obtain an IP address
automatically’.
Installing and Configuring DHCP Server
• Start->Control Panel->Add/Remove Programs. Click
on Add/Remove Windows Components.
• Select Networking Services and check it. Then click
Details button. Select DHCP and Simple TCP/IP
Services. Click Ok. Click Next. Click Finish.
• Start->Administrative Tools->DHCP. DHCP Manager
appears. Click on the computer and right-click and
select New Scope. New Scope Wizard appears
Installing and Configuring DHCP Server
Enter the name of scope and its description
IP Range
Click add exclusions
Lease Duration
Click Yes
Add Default Gateway
Click Next for DNS and WINS Servers
Final Step
Analysis Using Ethereal Network
Analyzer
Install Ethereal Software
• Capture DHCP traffic We will use Ethereal software to capture
DHCP traffic. In order to install this software, we need to install
WinPCap software first. Then, we should install the Ethereal
software. After installation, follow these steps.
• 1. Run the Ethereal software. From the Capture Menu click Start.
In the window that pops up choose the appropriate network
interface and Click Ok.
• 2. Generate DHCP traffic by using the commands ipconfig
/release and ipconfig /renew at the DHCP client. Stop the DHCP
capture.
Network Measurements
• In this experiment, you are going to collect
data about network parameters such as:
• Bytes sent/second
• Bytes received/second
• Bytes Total/second
• Current Bandwidth
Real time performance chart
• Creating a Real-Time Performance Monitor chart
• Create a chart in Performance Monitor to display
performance data real-time.
• Note: For Windows 2003, you can find Network Monitor
and Performance Monitor at:
• Start ->Programs->Administrative Tools ->Network Monitor
• Start-> Programs -> Administrative Tools -> Performance
Network Monitor
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Install the Network Monitor
Click Start, click Control Panel.
Double-click Add/Remove Programs.
Click Add/Remove Windows Components.
Click Management and Monitoring Tools, and
then click Details.
• Select the Network Monitor Tools check box,
and then click OK.
• Click Next.
Configure the chart
• Click the Start button, point to Administrative Tools, and
then click Performance.
• To see the Graph or Histogram or Report, you can click on
the respective button available at the graphical part of the
screen.
• Select on Graph. To add entries to the chart, right-click on
the graphical area and select Add Counters.
• In the Performance Object box, select Network Interface.
• Notice that Processor is the default object. In the Counter
list, to know about an entry, select that entry and click on
Explain.
Configure the chart
• Then select the Bytes Sent/second, Bytes
Received/second, Bytes Total/sec, Current
Bandwidth, Packets/second, Packets
Sent/second, Packets sent unicast/second and
Packets sent non-unicast/second. We can select
them at the same time using Control key.
• We have to select all the above entries for both
the network cards. We can select both the
network cards in the Instances list using Control
key.
• Click Close.
• we need to generate some traffic. The implementation
of this part depends on the available resources for
network traffic generation in the lab. You can just use
ping or view something from the server to generate
some traffic.
• Example of generating traffic: Use ping command and
generate continuous [repetitive] traffic to the server
[192.168.230.1] with the packet size of 65000.
• ping –t –l 65000 192.168.230.1
Generate Alerts
1. On the left pane of the Performance Window, click on Performance
Logs and Alerts.
2. Select Alert. To add an alert, right-click on it.
3. You can add an alert from a file or add a new one directly.
4. To add an alert directly, click New Alert Settings…
5. Enter the name for the alert in the Name text box.
6. Click on Add… to add counters.
7. Select the respective Performance Object, Counter and the instance.
8. In the Performance Object list, select Network Interface and
9. In the Counter box, select Bytes Total/sec along with one interface
card at the Instances list.