Transcript Video Systems - Erasmus Polkowice

University of Pitesti and
Dolnośląska Wyższa Szkoła Przedsiębiorczości i Techniki w
Polkowicach
Video Systems
-presentation-
STUDENT: CONSTANTIN IONUT
DR INZ. ZDZISŁAW PÓLKOWSKI
Polkowice-2015
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Overview of a network video system
A network video system comprises many different components, such as
network cameras, video encoders and video management software. The
other components including the network, storage and servers are all
standard IT equipment.
Network video, often also called IP-based video surveillance or IPSurveillance as it is applied in the security industry, uses a wired or wireless
IP network as the backbone for transporting digital video, audio and other
data.
When Power over Ethernet (PoE) technology is applied, the network can
also be used to carry power to network video products. A network video
system allows video to be monitored and recorded from anywhere on the
network, whether it is, for instance, on a local area network (LAN) or a wide
area network (WAN) such as the Internet.
www.axis.com
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What is video surveillance?
• Present Implementations?
– Human detection systems.
– vehicle monitoring systems.
• Advantages of video surveillance?
– Keep track of information video data for future use.
– Helpful in identifying people in the crime scenes etc..
• Disadvantages of the present system?
– It’s difficult to maintain heavy amount of raw video data
– Human interaction.
– Require higher bandwidth for transmitting the visual data.
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The components of a video surveillance system
Video Surveillance
Every video surveillance deployment is made up of cameras, video
management software, servers, and storage. The IP network is then the fifth
element that ties all these components into a converged network
infrastructure. The relationship is shown in Figure 3-1.
Figure 3-1 Components of IP Video Surveillance Deployments
http://www.cisco.com/
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Video Surveillance
The IP video surveillance application intersects with the network
infrastructure by connecting endpoints, IP cameras, workstations, servers and
storage physically to the network. From a network planning and design
standpoint, it is important to understand the flow of both media and command
and control functions between the components. Video surveillance has two
main baseline functions: live viewing and real-time monitoring of video feeds,
and retrieval and viewing of video as a post-event investigation. Forensic
video analysis is used to examine and analyze video for use in legal
proceedings. Some video may require one type or the other, or both. Traffic
cameras may have the sole purpose of identifying congestion and have no
need for archive or retention of the video data. An enterprise video
deployment may have both live viewing of selected cameras with all cameras
being archived. Other deployments may be "headless," meaning there is only
archiving, but no living viewing.
http://www.cisco.com/
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Intersections to IP Video Surveillance Functions
The primary video surveillance functions are:
Capture—Encoding video feeds for network transport
Move—Camera feeds are moved from camera to one or more servers
for processing
Manage—Administration of cameras, setting up archives, configuring
operator views, etc
Archive—Storing real-time camera feeds to disk for later retrieval
View—Viewing either live or archived feeds
These functions are shown in Figure 3-2.
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http://www.cisco.com
Something of each component from video
systems
The standalone DVRs or PC type - are the equipment that
processes, stores and largely controls the video surveillance system,
they are of two types: standalone and tip PC.
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http://www.projectorcentral.com
Security Surveillance: Standalone vs. PC-based
DVR Packages
•
Regardless of whether you are looking to install security
surveillance in to your home or business, you will need to know the
difference between standalone DVR packages and PC-based DVR
packages. A surveillance system consists of surveillance cameras
that feed into a recorder.
•
Every video surveillance deployment is made up of cameras,
video management software, servers, and storage. The IP network
is then the fifth element that ties all these components into a
converged network infrastructure.
http://tech.co/security-surveillance-standalone-vs-pc-based-dvr-packages-2014-09
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Everything You Need to Know About Home
Surveillance Equipment
•
Home video surveillance equipment is for everybody. you don't
need to have more money for buy this system because now, in our
days prices are becoming more and more lows.
•
Before buying home surveillance equipment, you need to decide
on certain factors. Choose between an indoor or outdoor system,
decide on a number of cameras, pick out desired features, and
choose a storage system. Buying video surveillance equipment
does not require a lot of technical knowledge but it does require a bit
of research. Consumers can find home surveillance equipment in
electronic stores and speciality monitoring shops. But, in my opinion,
the best choice is to search on the internet, because there are many
sites that offer the best conditions with lower prices than in the
shops.
www.pinterest.com
www.ebay.com
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Traffic Monitoring in Computer Vision
• The quest for better traffic information, an increasing reliance
on traffic surveillance has resulted in a better vehicle detection.
• Taking some intelligent actions based on the conditions.
• Traffic scene analysis in 3 categories.
– A strait forward vehicle detection and
counting system .
– Congestion monitoring and traffic scene
analysis.
– Vehicle classification and tracking
systems which involve much more
detailed scene traffic analysis.
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/
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Responsibilities of reliable
Traffic Monitoring System
•
•
•
•
•
Adaptive to changes in the real world environments
Easy to set up
Capable of operating independently of human operators.
Capable of intelligent decisions.
Capable of monitoring multiple cameras and continuous operation.
• Reasons for unsuccessful implementation**
http://www.advantech.com.br/
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On-line tracking and grouping
• Detector
– Detecting corners at the bottom of
image, where brightness varies in
more than one direction.
– Detection operationalzed by the
points in the image I
• Tracker
– Uses kalman filters to predict the
velocity in the next image.
– Normalized correlation is used to
search the small region of image.
• Group
– Grouper uses common motion
constraint.
– Once all the corner features are
identified they are grouped together.
– Monitoring the distance between
the point d(t)=P1(t)-p2(t)
http://www.brookings.edu/
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2
Sample feature tracks from the tracker
1
3
Sample corner features identified by the tracker
Sample feature groups from the tracker
Transportation research part-c/ A real time computer vision system for Traffic monitoring and vehicle tracking – B.coifman, J.Malik etc..
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Why Use IP for Video?
• Flexibility – One network for e-mail, file transfer, instant messaging, voice,
video
• Cost – Very inexpensive in local area, reasonable in metro and wide area
• Ubiquity – Reach anywhere in the world, vast majority of businesses and
most households have Internet connections
http://www.jvsg.com/
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A Few Key Terms
• IPTV – Internet Protocol TV
– Uses private networks, set top boxes (STBs)
– Closely resembles CATV and DTH Satellite
• Internet Video
– Uses public networks, PC’s or network appliances
• Mobile TV
– Video delivery to mobile phone handsets
– Can be IP data or broadcast (DVB-H)
http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-function-basics-and-key-terms.html
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Video
Compression
• All digital video is delivered to consumers in compressed form
– Broadcast TV (DTV, HDTV), Satellite TV, IPTV, CATV, Internet
Video, DVD and HD-DVD
• MPEG-2 is only approved format for Broadcast TV
• MPEG-4 is often used in IPTV
• Other formats include WM9 (VC1)
Video Rate Comparison
Uncompressed HD Video – 1485 Mbps
Uncompressed SD Video – 270 Mbps
Video Cameras – 25, 50, 100 Mbps
HD-DVD – 30 Mbps, DVD – 8Mbps
MPEG-2: HD 12-20 Mbps, SD 3-8 Mbps
MPEG-4: HD 6-10 Mbps, SD 1.5-3 Mbps
http://www.movavi.com/support/how-to/video-compression.html
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Internet Video vs. IPTV
• Related terms, with different meanings
– Both refer to video delivery over IP networks
– Both used compressed video with decoders located at the
viewers’ premises
– Both can be used for live, pre-recorded and Video-on-Demand
(VoD) applications
– But, significant differences exist
Internet Video
• Wide range of sources, compression techniques
- Viewed on personal computer or network appliance
• Must operate over unreliable network
- Delayed or missing packets
- Wide range of connection speeds
• Dedicated stream to each viewer (no multicast)
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Internet Video Streaming Architecture
http://groups.geni.net/geni/wiki/IMF
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Video Systems
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