Transcript Chapter 4 - Metcalfe County Schools

Connecting to the
Internet Through an ISP
Networking for Home and Small Businesses – Chapter 4
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Is the Internet just in the US/North America?
 The Internet Spans to Globe.
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The Internet and ISP’s
 Internet – Network of networks that spans the globe
and is owned by no single individual or group.
 ISP- Internet Service Provider – Examples would be
SCRTC and Mediacom – Provides the connections and
support to access the Internet
 POP – Point and Presence – Connection point between
the ISP and individual computer(your home) and local
networks(SCRTC/Mediacom)
 Connection to the Internet through and ISP can be
through 1) Cable 2)Modem 3) Satellite 4)DSL 5)
Leased Lines
 ISP’s are connected together by the Internet backbone
which is a group of high-speed data links that
interconnect ISPs
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Business Class ISP
services include more
speed, extra web space
and more e-mail
accounts
ISP Services
Go to page 4.1.5.1 to
obtain the ISP Services
graphic
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Activity
 Lets look at a local ISP and see what features they offer. We are
mainly looking for Internet and network options during this search.
 Compare a local ISP and an ISP offered in a major city. Compare
the two on the following features. What are the various speeds of
Internet connections that they offer? How much does each speed of
connection Do they offer web hosting or e-mail services and if they
do how much are these services?
 http://www.scrtc.com/index.php/dsl-speeds-rates
 https://www.charter.com/browse/content/internet
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What is required to connect????

In order to successfully connect to the Internet the
following three items must be in place.
1) AN IP Address
2) A Network Connection
3) Access To an Internet Service Provider(ISP)
– Options to connect…
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Data Transfer
 Upload or Download is there a speed difference?
Asymmetric Service
DSL is a prime example
where you can download
faster than you can upload data
Symmetric Service
Leased lines and T1 lines allow
equal speed for both uploads and
downloads, this is used for connections
Go to page 4.1.5.1 for the graphic over the two services.
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IP = Internet Protocol
 IP is the protocol of the Internet without the
TCP/IP suite on a computer very little
concerning the Internet is going to happen.
 Insert the graphic from page 4.2.1.1
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Activity
 On page 4.1.5.3 complete the Levels of Service Activity
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What happens to info at the ISP
 Once information leaves your local network and
ends up at the ISP it will travel to the NOC
which stands for Network Operations Center
where decisions will be made on if the traffic
remains local or is sent out onto the Internet.
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Testing Connectivity
 Ping – Tests end to end connectivity between source
and destination. It measures the time it takes a packet
to make a round trip from the sender and receiver.
 Traceroute(tracert is the command to use in DOS) –
Traces the route from source to destination, it lists
routers that the packet travels through.
 Each router that a packet travels through is called a
HOP
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On Your Computer
 Lets perform some tests using Ping and Tracert to
show the operation/function of each test.
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The Internet Cloud
 Sometimes when we are looking at getting
information from point A to Point B there is no
need to know every single device that stands
between them and thus the Internet Cloud is
used to represent such an occurrence.
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Devices Inside the Internet Cloud
 Router
 DSLAM – DSL Access Multiplexer – allows DSL connections to
be converted into a standard connection format
 CMTS – Cable Modem Termination System – allows cable
modem connections to be converted into a standard connection
format.
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Activity
 Open the Cisco curriculum and complete the activity on
page 4.3.2.3 Devices In The Internet Cloud
 Use the process of elimination to assist within the
activity.
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Physical requirements of a home network versus an ISP
 Most ISP’s will have multiple servers to handle e-mail,
web hosting and address assignment.
 ISP’s must have stable power with battery
backup(UPS) that will supply power to large power
consuming pieces of equipment for an extended period
of time.
 ISP’s must consider the temperature of the room where
equipment will be stored at home it can be placed
basically anywhere.
 Cable Management is a concern for both ISP’s and
home based networks to help protect cables from
damage and aid in troubleshooting problems
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Cable Management????
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When selecting a cable to connect your
computer to a network
 Consider the Following two elements
1) Distance of cable run
2) Speed of transmission
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 Three Main types of networking cables.
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Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
Advantages
 Easy to install
 Least expensive of all media
 Small diameter of cable
 Proper termination procedures
insures reliable connection
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Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
Disadvantages
 More prone to EMI/RFI than any
other cable
 Shortest allowable length of any
other cable.(100m)
 Improper termination and using low
quality cable and connectors and
lead to loss of signal clarity.
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Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
 Relies on cancellation to reduce
EMI
 EMI = Electromagnetic Interference
caused by lights, cell phones, etc.
 UTP is mainly used in home office
and school style settings.
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Coaxial Cable
Advantages
 Longer cable runs than UTP & STP
(up to 500m) Cheaper than using
fiber for your backbone
 Technology is well known (Cable
TV)
 Better at reducing EMI than UTP or
STP
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Coaxial Cable
Disadvantages
 Thickness of cable
 Copper shielding must be grounded
at both ends of the connection
 No longer used as a LAN media
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Fiber Optics
Advantages
 Longer runs than any other cable
(2km)
 Higher data rates than any other
cable (>100Mbps)
 NO EMI which means no
interference!!
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Fiber Optics
Disadvantages
 Very expensive!!
 Difficult to install
Therefore, fiber is used only for
backbone installations.
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Activity
 On page 4.4.4.3 can you select the best cable to
use????
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Cable Pinout’s
Crossover
Straight-Thru
Rollover
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Cable Standards

Cabling standards will allow a network to function more
efficiently and at a set level of performance.Without
standards we cannot have reliable network communication
The following are items specified within cabling standards.
1) Pinouts (Color order for a specific type of cable)
2) Cable Lengths
3) Connector Types
4) Exposed Wire and Untwisting of wire UTP cable is twisted together
to help eliminate Crosstalk and exposed wire can pick up other
signals that can interfere with network communication.
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Cable Standards
 Which have we used so far????
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Activity
 Using the Internet and websites such as Tiger Direct
construct a price sheet for the following items.
UTP (1000 feet),
STP (1000 feet),
Fiber (Multi Mode) (1000 feet)
Coaxial (1000 feet)
RJ-45 Connectors (100)
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Connecting Cables
 Patch Panel – a switchboard the connects multiple
devices into a centralized location.
Why Use Patch Panels
allows quick rearrangements of network connections
Patch panels are intended for RJ-45 connections.
To connect to a patch panel or a wall jack a punch down tool
may be required to make a conductive path between wire and
device.
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Just what would happen if I run my cable to far
 Attenuation(loss of signal strength) – if a cable run
exceeds the standard you risk the signal getting so
weak that the receiving device does not know what it
has just received.
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Activity
 Using the patch panel and punch down tool connect
your cable to the patch panel and to a network port.
This simulates the cabling setup found in most offices
and even some homes.
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