Transcript Object Provisioning Protocol draft-jseng-provreg-opp

Internationalization of
Domain Names
James Seng <[email protected]>
CTO, i-DNS.net International
co-chair, IETF IDN Working Group
Internationalized Domain Names
华人.公司.cn
華人.商業.tw
高島屋.会社.jp
삼성.회사.kr
三星.회사.kr
ื‫קום‬.‫ישראל‬
viagénie.qc.ca
ทีเอชนิ ค.พาณิ ชย ์.ไทย
現代.com
ヤフー.com
‫م‬.‫االهرام‬
Internet Engineering Task Force
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IETF is a large open international community
of network designers, operators, vendors,
and researchers concerned with the evolution
of the Internet architecture and the smooth
operation of the Internet.
It is open to any interested individual.
IETF IDN Working Group
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Mailing List
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General Discussion: [email protected]
To subscribe: [email protected]
Archive: ftp://ops.ietf.org/pub/lists/idn*
Website http://www.i-d-n.net/
Chair
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James Seng <[email protected]>
Marc Blanchet <[email protected]>
IDN WG Charter
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The goal of the group is to specify the requirements
for internationalized access to domain names and to
specify a standards track protocol based on the
requirements.
A fundamental requirement in this work is to not
disturb the current use and operation of the domain
name system, and for the DNS to continue to allow
any system anywhere to resolve any domain name.
The group will not address the question of what, if
any, body should administer or control usage of
names that use this functionality.
Confusion
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Language and Script
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A language is a way that human interact
A script is the written form of a language
 Many written languages share the same script
 Some written languages use more than one
script
Example, 現代.com
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is this in Chinese, Japanese or Korean?
Confusion
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Name and Identifier
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Example
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Name is a word or phrase that constitutes the
distinctive designation of a person or thing
Identifier is a string of characters that uniquely
identify a person or thing
“James Seng” is a Name
“jseng” is an Identifier
is jseng.com a Name or Identifer?
Domain Name is an Identifier not a Name
Confusion
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Internationalization, Localization and
Multilingualism
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Internationalizing make the protocol able to
handle more scripts
Localization involves tailoring interaction with
users in the languages they know
Multilingualisam makes the protocol able to handle
multiple languages
“I” in IDN is Internationalization
Problems
WWW
HTTP
Email
URI
SMTP
Mail
Format
DNS
TCP/UDP
Internet Protocol (IP)
Snapshot of network layers to provide some Internet Service
IDN is here
Problems
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Stability
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Backward Compatibility
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IDN is changing a fundamental service in the
Internet Architecture
A lot of existing Internet Protocols, applications
uses domain names and assumed that it is A-Z, 09 and “-” only
Easy of Use
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It should transparent to user if possible
Problems
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Internationalization
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Using one universal character set or multiples
characters set?
What encoding to use? UTF-8? UTF-16?
Matching
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yahoo.com = YAHOO.com
華人.com = 华人.com ?
Work in Progress
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Agreed that ISO10646/Unicode would be the
base character set for IDN
ASCII Compatible Encoding (ACE)
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A transformation encoding scheme of ISO10646
which resultant string is in LDH (Letter, Digital,
Hypen).
Limited compression to produce shorter ACE
AMC-ACE-Z: draft-ietf-idn-amc-ace-z-01
e.g. 新加坡.com zq--3bs3aw5wpa2a.com
Work in Progress
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Nameprep/Stringprep
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draft-ietf-idn-nameprep
Based on UTR#15 (Normalization) & UTR#22
(Case Mapping) with additional prohibited
codepoint and folding rules
Precise and well-defined rules to normalization
IDN before it is used
Allows accurate matching of IDN
Work in Progress
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Internationalized Host Names in Applications
(IDNA)
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draft-ietf-idn-idna
IDNA only upgrade in applications to handle IDN
Consideration of legacy encoding and
interopability
Enforce Nameprep in applications
Uses Nameprep-ACE’ed IDN over the wire
Work in Progress
No defined encoding,
probably local or utf-8
DNS
Application
Resolver
User Interface
IDNA-Nameprep-ACE Model
Users
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No defined encoding,
Nameprep’ed AMC-Z
probably native Unicode
Nameprep-AMC
Outstanding issues
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Localization
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draft-ietf-idn-tsconv – Traditional/Simplified
Chinese
draft-ietf-idn-hangeulchar – Hangeul normalization
draft-ietf-idn-jpchar – Japanese issues
Enhanced efficiency of ACE
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draft-ietf-idn-lsb-ace – Reordering
Conclusion
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Many confusions
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Many problems
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Took us many months to understand the issues
No solution is perfect
Engineering compromised
Culture consideration
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Many feel very strongly about their own languages
(but IDN can’t handle language)
Lastly
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IDN Working Group have been around for
nearly 20 months
Direction have become clearer and there are
strong support around various solutions
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It is coming!
Join the working group if you are interested!
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[email protected] with the word
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