Transcript IBEX 2006 Presentation

National Marine
Electronics Association
Your Boat Show 2009
NMEA 2000® Network
Interoperability
&
Interconnectivity
A Primer
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
National Marine Electronics Association
Serving the Marine Electronics Industry Worldwide
Operational Safety is Our Highest Priority
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Global Non-Profit marine industry member organization
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Has provided product standards since late 1970’s
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Best known for NMEA 0183 (Communications
• Technical dealers, manufacturers, distributors, sales reps,
retailers, associate members
Interface Protocol)
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
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Dedicated to serve the public interest
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Facilitate the public interest in the interconnection and
interchangeability of equipment
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Minimize misunderstanding and confusion between
manufacturers
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Assist purchasers in selecting compatible equipment
Publisher of the Marine Electronics Journal
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Seattle Boat Show 2009
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Industry Educational Programs for Dealers
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MEI – Marine Electronics Installer (Basic Program)
AMEI - Advanced Marine Electronics Installer
CMET - Certified Marine Electronics Technician
NMEA 2000 Technical Instruction
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Cooperates with North American organizations such as
ABYC and NMMA
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Coordinates and Maintains Worldwide Standards
• Committees such as IEC (International Electrotechnical
Commission), SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers)
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
Popular Communication Protocols on Boats
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NMEA 0183 most known for marine electronics
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Ethernet
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Most common, no marine industry standard, high speed, high
bandwith mostly used for images
Proprietary Networks
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Point to point communication, low speed
Closed systems with no integration of other manufacturers
products
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Built on Controller Area Network (CAN)
CAN used for real time controller
Used in automotive and robotic industries
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
NMEA 0183 Communications
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Introduced in 1983
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Single talker, multiple listener
NMEA 0183 not a network (point to point communication)
Can result in very complex wiring systems
Operates at 4.8 kilobits/sec
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Delivers 6-8 messages (sentences)/sec
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Terrific for simpler applications
Device to device connectivity
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
NMEA 0183 Simplified Interface Circuit
GPS
(talker)
"A"
"A"
"B"
"B"
Shield
Shield
(listener)
RADAR
To other
devices
(listener)
(talker)
Chart Plotter
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
NMEA 0183 Shortcomings
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Communication speed is 4,800 baud or bits per second
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Highest speed for 0183 is 38,400 baud
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A compass may output heading message ten times per
second, rate of turn 4 times per second, and vessel attitude
once per second
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NMEA 0183 simply was not designed to handle the current
volume of traffic nor the integration of devices that
customers want
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Although NMEA 0183 is a communications standard, no
certification process for products
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Standard is loosely implemented leading to many
interoperability issues (manufacturer A won’t talk to
manufacturer B equipment)
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
NMEA 0183 Shortcomings
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Cable and connectors were not specified as part of
the NMEA 0183 Standard
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Plug-n-play very difficult as each manufacturer uses different
plugs and connectors
No standardization of wire color coding
Ambiguities within NMEA 0183 Standard
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For instance: Heading can be transmitted and interpreted in
one of several different messages leading to interoperability
problems between different manufacturers’ equipment.
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
Ethernet
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Ethernet typically used for large data transfers
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No marine industry Ethernet standard
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Each implementation uses proprietary messaging which means
data can not be exchanged across product lines
Ethernet not typically used for industry as real time
control interface
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Examples may include radar images, chart maps, weather
overlay information, and echo sounder images
(i.e., automotive and factory automation industries use
Controller Area Network or CAN)
CAN Technology is more time determinate than
Ethernet allowing critical messages to always get
through
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(i.e., steering, throttle, and other safety critical data must get
through in a timely fashion)
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
Why NMEA 2000
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NMEA 0183 point-to-point communication requiring
complex wiring systems
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NMEA 0183 is not a network
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NMEA 0183 lacks bandwidth
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NMEA 0183 does not specify physical layer
(cable/connectors) making plug-n-pay difficult
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NMEA 0183 has no certification process
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Ethernet protocols tend to be used for data intensive
applications and not real time control applications
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
NMEA 2000 Standard
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“Open” Network System Based on CAN (Controller
Area Network)
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Co-created by industry partnerships of more than 40
diverse organizations
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Academia – Kansas and Oklahoma State
Networking and Computer Industry
U.S. Coast Guard Research and Development
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
What is CAN (Controller Area Network)
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(Controller Area Network) CAN
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Develop by Intel and Bosch in 1983
Used in control processes for industrial applications
Used in automotive and factory automation
Proven robust error free protocol
• Bit arbitration transmission
Message prioritization scheme
• Critical messages always get thru
Determinate messaging
CAN vs. Ethernet
Controller Area Network
Ethernet
CSMA/BA - Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Bit-wise
Arbitration. Arbitration Loser Ceases Transmission
Immediately – No Data Is Lost
CSMA/CD – Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision
Detection. Collisions Detected 13 to 130 Bits After
Collision – Data Is Irretrievable
Bandwidth Limited by Bit-wise Arbitration – 250 Kbps @
200 Meters
Large Bandwidth – 10 Mbps and Higher @ 100 Meters
Network Frames Limited to 8 Bytes
Network Frames Reach 1500 Bytes and Higher
Multiple Error Checks on All Frames by All Devices, Errors
Flagged at End of Each Frame
Error Detection Occurs at Receiver Only after Entire
Message Is Transmitted
Structured Error Containment Disconnects Nodes Causing
Errors
Jabbering Nodes Continue Until Physically Disconnected
Or Shut-down
Deterministic Throughout Entire Bandwidth – High Priority
Data Always Get Through In A Known Time Period
May Seem Deterministic At Low Utilization, But High
Priority Messages Can Be Significantly Delayed By Large
Low Priority Messages
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
NMEA 2000 Standard
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Marine electronics and electrical companies openly
collaborated
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1996 Beta Tested by the Marine Industry
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12 Marine Electronic Manufacturers and the U.S. Coast Guard
under the Guidance of NMEA (1996)
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Furuno, JRC, Litton Marine, Navionics, Northstar, Raymarine,
Simrad, Teleflex, Trimble, Wood Freeman
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Kvaser and Vector Can Tech (CAN Companies)
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
NMEA 2000 Standard
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A true “open” network industry standard where data
is shared among disparate companies’ products
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Accommodate real time control and status information
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Standardized physical layer (cable and connectors)
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Product certification to reduce or eliminate
interoperability issues
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Time determinate so critical messages get through
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
NMEA 2000 Standard
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Complete network protocol
True Industry Solid, Robust, Proven, Open Standard
for Marine Electronics, Engines, Electrical and Other
Data
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Bandwidth protection scheme
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Mission critical data always gets through
Every message
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Has a pre-defined default priority
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Pre-defined default output frequency
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
NMEA 2000 Standard
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Multi-Talker + Multi-Listener
Multi-Master, No single controller
250Kbits/sec (50 times faster than 0183)
Up to 200 meter length
50 Physical nodes
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Drive by wire
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252 functional nodes
Real time control and status information
Autopilot control
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Navigation information
Vessel monitoring
Electrical system control and status
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
NMEA 2000 Standard
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Different Manufacturers products all communicating
on one Open network
Adding a device – Simply “Plug In”
Subtracting a device – Simply “Unplug”
NMEA 2000 certified products
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Provides level of assurance that products will talk to each other
Commercially viable since 1999
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Under different brand names such as,
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Magic Bus by Teleflex
Simnet by Simrad
LowranceNet by Lowrance
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
NMEA 2000 Standard Simple Topology
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
NMEA 2000 Certified Products
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Products Must Meet Strict Certification
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Assure products meet the Standard
Assure products behave properly and predictably on the
network
NMEA certifies all tests results
More than 40 manual tests
61 automated tests within 25
Major Functional
areas
Look for the NMEA 2000 Logo
for Certified Products
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Go to www.nmea.org
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
The Physical Layer (Cables and Connectors)
• Mandates a Physical Layer
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Standard connectors
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Keyed screw-on for correct polarity
Mandatory pull strength requirement
Simplifies installation
Shielded cables
RF immunity
Waterproof (IP 67)
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
The Physical Layer (Cables and Connectors)
• Mandates a Physical Layer
 Standard cable
• Network power and data shared on one single cable
• Robust proven cables and connector system
• Reduction in total wire needed (Significant cost and
weight reduction)
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
The Physical Layer (Cables and Connectors)
Heavy Cable
Light Cable
Signal Wire Gauge
18 AWG
24 AWG
Power Wire Gauge
16 AWG
22 AWG
1.34 ohms per
100 meters
5.40 ohms per
100 meters
8 Amps
3 Amps
Power Wire
Resistance
Power Capacity
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
The Physical Layer (Cables and Connectors)
Photos Courtesy Molex Inc.
Photos Courtesy Maretron LLC
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
Typical Tee
Backbone
Connection
Drop
Connection
NMEA 2000
Building a Boat
Display
Trunk
Termination
Resistor
Laptop
Speed
Transducer
GPS
Compass
Depth
Transducer
Drop Line
Trunk Line
Engine Monitor
Battery
Tee
Connector
Trunk
Termination
Resistor
This illustration is for concept only and should not be
used for planning or engineering purposes.
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
Giving You What You Want
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Customization and integration of products
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NMEA 2000 Certified Products provide choices
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No need to be locked in with One Vendor
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One manufacturer does not need to “Own” the Boat
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Giving you the best of class
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NMEA 2000 gives you the flexibility today & tomorrow
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
“NMEA 2000 really works, and it’s going to make
boating better. Simplicity, redundancy, multi
manufacturer flexibility—my first hands-on experience
with NMEA 2000 was, as we say up here in Maine, a
corker!” - Ben Ellison, Power and Motor Yacht, Panbo
“The NMEA, with its NMEA 2000 protocol and
corresponding 'physical layer', is in the forefront of this
revolution, and playing a powerful leadership role.”
- Nigel Calder, Independent Author
NMEA 2000
Seattle Boat Show 2009
NMEA 2000
The Industry Networking Standard
Open
Industry Collaboration
• Product Integration
• Robust/Proven
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www.nmea.org