Transcript the internet pp blank

IC3 BASICS, Internet and
Computing Core Certification
Living Online
Lesson 2
What Is the Internet?
Objectives
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Explain the origin of the Internet.
Explain how to connect to the Internet.
Explain how the Internet works.
Identify different types of Web sites and
describe the different elements of a Web
site.
List the major features of the Internet
and explain what they do.
What Is the Internet? - Lesson 2
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Evolution of the Internet
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The __________ is a worldwide network of
smaller networks.
The Internet evolved from the ARPANET.
The ____________ was the first large-scale
network, created around 1969.
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The ________________ (WWW) was born in
1992.
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It was developed as a government research project.
This began the growth of the Internet.
The first Web browser was released in 1993.
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This triggered an explosion in Internet use and growth.
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Computer’s and the Internet’s
Impact on Society
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Computers have changed how business and
organizations operate.
Consumers can shop online 24 hours a day,
every day.
In 2002, nearly 60% of Americans had used the
Internet.
People around the world communicate almost
instantly via e-mail and instant-messaging
software.
The Internet is a primary research resource for
many students.
People with disabilities can use the Internet to
visit places they cannot physically get to.
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Accessing the Internet
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There are a variety of ways to
connect to the Internet, including
Through a modem and telephone line.
 Through a local area network.
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• This requires a network interface card
(NIC) in your computer.
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Through high-speed leased lines.
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Use a Modem and Phone Line
to Access the Internet
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If your computer has a modem installed
and a phone line connected to it, you can
access the Internet by
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Locating and signing up with an ISP.
• An ISP is an Internet Service Provider.
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Installing telecommunications software on
your computer.
Installing a ____________ on your computer.
Setting up your modem to dial a telephone
number supplied by your ISP.
Having the modem dial out and log in to your
ISP. You are now on the Internet.
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Access the Internet via a
Network
This figure shows how the
Internet can be accessed
via a LAN. The computers
on the LAN are able to get
to the Internet through a
high-speed line connected
to the LAN, which is also
connected to the Internet.
LAN
High-speed line
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Other Internet Connections
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DSL: ____________________
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______________
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Very high-speed connection over
standard phone lines
Very high-speed access, usually using
cable television lines
_____________
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Uses hardware that connects to your
television and a standard phone line
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How Does the Internet Work?
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Internet computers talk with each other in a
manner similar to mailing a letter to some one:
by sending it to an address.
Internet computers all have a unique ________.
Computers communicate using ________
protocol.
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This is the international standard for exchanging data.
TCP establishes a connection between two host
computers.
The IP protocol allows you to enter an address of a
computer and send something to that address.
You can enter an address as a domain name.
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Example of Internet
Communication
This figure shows a very
simplified version of how
the Internet works. One
computer mails a letter to
another computer and the
TCP/IP protocol handles
the addressing between
the two machines.
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Major Features of the Internet
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The Internet is made up of many
services, including
____________________WWW)
 ____________
 ______________
__________
 ______________
 ____________
 ____________
____________
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The World Wide Web
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The _________ is NOT the __________.
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It is an application that uses the Internet.
It consists of millions of electronic files
called ____________.
A related collection of Web pages is a
_________.
Web sites can be created by businesses,
organizations, and individuals.
Web pages frequently contain hyperlinks.
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A ___________ can transport you to another
page or site just by clicking on the hyperlink.
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Web Protocols - HTTP
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___________is a protocol that defines how
messages are formatted and transmitted.
Web pages are sent in __________ protocol.
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Web servers and Web browsers both can understand
HTTP.
Every Web site has a unique address called an
______________.
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The first part of an URL indicates the protocol required
to access the page.
The second part of an URL specifies the IP address or a
domain name.
The top-level domain at the end of the URL indicates
the type of organization or business.
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An URL and Its Web Site
The
figure
below
shows
the
Hamster
Dance Web site in a
browser window. The
URL is shown in the
Address Bar of the
Web browser, and that
address is what the
user entered in the
browser to arrive at
this site.
HTTP://www.hamsterdance.com
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Web Protocols - HTML
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_________ is a protocol that determines how a
Web page is formatted.
Web pages consist of text coded with HTML
markup tags.
The Web browser reads the tags and formats
and displays the page.
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Different browsers may interpret certain HTML tags
differently.
Factors that affect how a page displays include
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The type and version of browser being used.
The actual HTML tags being used.
The type and resolution of the monitor being used.
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Electronic Mail – E-mail
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__________is an electronic message sent from
one computer to another.
E-mail can include pictures and attachments.
You need to know someone’s e-mail address to
send them e-mail.
E-mail addresses have three parts:
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________________________
__________________
_________________________
You must have an e-mail program installed and
set up to send e-mail.
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Chat Rooms
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_______________ allow you to talk in
real time to one or more people using the
keyboard instead of a phone.
You use the computer to create real-time
messages.
When someone in the chat room sends a
message, it appears on the screen for
everyone else in that room.
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Mailing Lists
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A mailing list is group of people with a
shared or common interest.
Their e-mail addresses are all entered
into a group.
The group is identified by a single name.
When someone in the group posts a
message, it is sent to everyone in the
group.
You subscribe to a mailing list just like
you subscribe to a magazine.
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Mailing List Features
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Mailing list variations include
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Announcement lists which are sent to
announce a new product or service.
Discussion lists where members ask questions
and share information on various subjects.
Some lists may be public and accessible to
everyone.
Some lists are private and can only be viewed
by list members.
Some lists have a summary or digest version
available.
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Newsgroups
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A newsgroup is a discussion forum similar
to a bulletin board or blog.
Members post messages or responses to
other messages.
Some newsgroups have a moderator that
reviews messages before posting them.
Messages are stored on a news server.
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File Transfer Protocol
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__________is used to download and upload files
over the Internet.
Some FTP servers require log-in IDs and
passwords to access the files on that server.
When you download a browser plug-in file, you
are likely using FTP.
Most modern browsers include FTP support built
into them.
You can also use standalone FTP software
designed specifically for file downloading and
uploading.
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Summary
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No one person or organization can claim credit
for the Internet.
Origins of the Internet can be traced to the U.S.
Department of Defense. The original name for
the Internet was ARPANET.
Mosaic was the Internet’s first graphical
interface.
To connect to the Internet from a business or
academic setting, you probably have a direct
connection via a local area network and a
network interface card. For the home user, the
most common type of Internet connection is
with a modem and telephone line.
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Summary (continued)
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To connect to the Internet, you need an Internet
connection, telecommunications software, and a
browser.
Other types of Internet connections include
ISDN, DSL, cable modem, and WebTV.
Interoperability means that all brands, models,
and makes of computers can communicate with
each other.
A protocol is a standard format for transferring
data between two devices. TCP/IP is the agreedon international standard for transmitting data.
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Summary (continued)
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The domain name identifies a site on the
Internet.
The Web is an application that makes use of the
Internet. Other features of the Internet include
electronic mail, chat rooms, mailing lists, and
newsgroups.
Web pages can be linked through hypertext.
Microsoft’s Internet Explorer and Netscape’s
Navigator are two of the most popular Web
browsers.
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Summary (continued)
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The HTTP protocol defines how Web messages
are formatted and transmitted.
The Web site address is referred to as the URL,
or Uniform Resource Locator. Every Web page on
the Internet has its own unique address.
A Web page is coded with HTML markup tags.
HTML is another protocol that controls how Web
pages are formatted and displayed.
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