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Gathering of State Networks February 6, 2002 IP VIDEO ISSUES IP VIDEO ISSUES AGENDA BACKGROUND QUALITY OF SERVICE (QoS) CODECS GATEKEEPERS/GATEWAYS DIAL PLAN DIRECTORY SERVICES BACKGROUND TWO-WAY INTERACTIVE VIDEO – ATM VIDEO (H.321) 1998 – ISSUES • • • • COST OF END POINT EQUIPMENT DESKTOP EQUIPMENT COST CURRENTLY – 165 ENDPOINTS ON NETWORK FOR CONVERGED NETWORKS ONLY GAME IN TOWN BACKGROUND H.323 – IP VIDEO 1999 – – – – PRODUCTS AVAILABLE IP ACCESS ALREADY IN PLACE COSTS OF ENDPOINTS MUCH CHEAPER MORE DESKTOP SOLUTIONS AVAILABLE BACKGROUND MCU TESTING – FALL 1999 – Accord , Ezenia, Radvision • Operability issues • Performance – CONCLUSION: TECHNOLOGY TOO IMMATURE FOR A RELIABLE PRODUCTION IMPLEMENTATION BACKGROUND H.323 – IP VIDEO 2001 – – MCU TESTING – FALL 2000 RESULT: THEY ACTUALLY WORK!! RECOMMENDATION: Accord MGC 100 NEED TO LOOK AT THE VARIOUS ISSUES AND COMPONENTS NEEDED TO IMPLEMENT H.323 ON THE NETWORK – IP VIDEO TASK FORCE QoS (Quality of Service) What is QoS – Set of techniques to manage network resources in a manner which enables the network to differentiate traffic based on policy Why implement QoS – Provide reliable and guaranteed delivery of service to users – Bandwidth is not the complete solution Quality of Service Challenges providing QoS for IP video – Head of line blocking (HOLB) – IP video uses UDP (universal datagram protocol) for transport of video and only uses TCP for control data – can’t resend lost video packets – Video uses large, variable length packets Video Conferencing Traffic Packet Size Breakdown 384 kbps Video Call 1% 65-128 Bytes 37% 1025-1518 Bytes 8% 257-512 Bytes 20% 513-1024 Bytes Courtesy Cisco Systems Inc. 34% 129-256 Bytes Provisioning Video Data Rate + 20% = Bandwidth Required Video Data Voice Routing etc. Video Data Rate BW Required 128kbps = 153kbps 384kbps = 460kbps < 33% of Link Capacity 512kbps = 614kbps < 75% of Link Capacity Link Capacity “Recommendations” Courtesy Cisco Systems Inc . 768kbps = 921kbps 1.5Mbps = 1.8Mbps CODECs Requirements That a vendor have both a desktop (PC based) and a room system in their product line Support interoperability Ease of Support Financial considerations What We Looked At Cameras (Fixed and Pan/Tilt/Zoom) Appliance based PC based Ease of installation Ease of configuration Chair Control Far end camera control MCU capability QoS Types of Codecs Tested Room Systems – – – – Polycom VCON VTEL Tandberg Types of Codecs Tested cont’d Desktop Systems (PC Based) – Polycom – VCON Recommendations Room Systems – Polycom Viewstation FX (Appliance Based) – VCON Media Connect 8000 (PC Based) Desktop Systems (PC Based) – Polycom ViaVideo – VCON ViGO, Crusier & Escort GATEKEEPERS The Brains of an H.323 System Difference between Gatekeepers and Gateways Gatekeeper – IP based – Address Resolution – Layer 3 – Bandwidth Management • Call Admission Control (CAC) – Call forwarding – Technology Prefixes – Exist in hierarchies Gateway – Can transcode between ISDN, ATM and IP – Address Resolution – Layer 2 Limitations of Gatekeepers 4 Levels of Hierarchies Can have no more than 6 Forwarded Location Requests (LRQ) IP Video Gatekeeper Hierarchy Institutional Gatekeepers – 2 levels of hierarchy Zone = Area Code Gatekeepers placed at current network nodes ITN Directory Gatekeeper DIAL PLAN To DID or Not to DID? Why Do We Need A Dial Plan? To support legacy ISDN and ATM codecs To enable a seamless connection between codecs in various parts of the state. To let people off net to be able to call IP codecs on net (Inbound calls) USER FRIENDLY ITN Dial Plan E[*T]ZZZNNNNNNN E = Exit Zone Prefix. “1” *T = Technology Prefix (Optional) ZZZ = Area Code NNNNNNN = Seven digit E.164 number Technology Prefixes Used for making off net calls to ISDN codecs *9 – Single channel voice only call *6 – 6-B 64 KB ISDN call or 384 kbps *2 – 2-B 64 KB ISDN call or 128 kbps *3 – 2-B 64 KB ISDN restricted to 56 KB call or 112 kbps South Bend Portage G Gatekeeper Client T erminal 260 G Gatekeeper Client T erminal 574 Client T erminal Fort Wayne G Gatekeeper 219 Client T erminal 765 G Gatekeeper Muncie Main Directory Gatekeeper Cluster Lafayette G Institutional Gatekeeper G G Institutional G Sub-gatekeeper Institutional Sub-gatekeeper G Gatekeeper G Institutional Gatekeeper G Institutional G Sub-gatekeeper Institutional Sub-gatekeeper 317 G Gatekeeper Columbus Bloomington Client T erminal G Gatekeeper Client T erminal G Institutional Gatekeeper 812 G Institutional G Sub-gatekeeper Institutional Sub-gatekeeper Ins titution’s Client T erminal G Gatekeeper Evansville Ins titution’s Client T erminal G G Gatekeeper G Gatekeeper Louisville Common Failures of Video Calls Within the ITN Network Unit has not been rebooted for several days PC NIC is not set for 100 Mbps – Full Duplex LAN is not set for 100 Mbps – Full Duplex Video call is not set up through a gatekeeper Gatekeeper not properly configured WAN is not set for 100 Mbps – Full Duplex Common Failures of Video Calls Outside the ITN Network ISDN Cloud Internet Cloud WAN is not set for 100 Mbps – Full Duplex Gatekeeper not properly configured Video call is not set up through a gatekeeper LAN is not set for 100 Mbps – Full Duplex PC NIC is not set for 100 Mbps – Full Duplex Unit has not been rebooted for several days LAN is not set for 100 Mbps – Full Duplex Directory Services How Do I Find You Two types of Directories Lightweight Directory Access Protocol - LDAP Click To Meet LDAP Contains information on endpoints Runs on Unix platform Can connect to a global directory service Does not connect to gatekeepers Will interact with First Virtual Communications Click To Meet in future versions Click To Meet - CTM Designed specifically for multimedia applications Works with VTEL, TANDBERG, VCON, POLYCOM, PICTURETEL and ACCORD Works with ISDN, ATM and IP protocols Can schedule calls in advance T.120 application sharing and whiteboards CTM – Cont’d Continuous presence built in Will handle streaming media Supports firewall NAT/proxy/VPN transversal Connects to a gatekeeper Support for Active Directory December 2001 Subsequent versions will have native LDAP support Dialing Made Simple Courtesy First Virtual Communications, Inc. Scheduling Made Simple Courtesy First Virtual Communications, Inc. Recommendation First Virtual Communications Click To Meet for use as directory services for ITN IP Video Task Force Members Vern Draper, BSU Fred Nay, BSU, Co-Chair Mike Huffman, DOE Alan Benjamin, DoIT Tim Holt, INCOLSA Gerry Oliver, ISU Jeff Steinmiller, ISU Steve Egyhazi, IU Doug Pearson, IU Art Mahan, Ind. Wesleyan IP Video Task Force Members Brain Stone, IMCPL Jason Whiteaker, ITSC Jerry Sullivan, Intelinet Chad Miller, Intelinet Michael Gay, Purdue University Don Kindred, Purdue University Pat Smoker, Purdue University Ed Stanish, Purdue University Wayne Bohm, USI Tim Lockridge, USI IP Video Task Force Members Carl Koenig, Vincennes University Ron Dekoker, IHETS Dave Kaufman, IHETS Tony McClelland, IHETS Kevin Siminski, IHETS Alan Stillerman, IHETS Ed Stockey, IHETS, Co-Chair Marty Stricker, IHETS IP Video Task Force Dial-Plan Committee Members Vern Draper, BSU Fred Nay, BSU Steve Egyhazi, IU Michael Gay, Purdue University Earle Nay, Purdue Unviersity Ron DeKoker, IHETS Tony McClelland, IHETS Kevin Siminski, IHETS Shawn Solomon, IHETS Alan Stillerman, IHETS, Chair Ed Stockey, IHETS How To Reach Us Ed Tully [email protected] 317-263-8922