Transcript Chapter 18

Chapter 18: Software and Hardware
Tools
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Chapter 18 Objectives
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The Following CompTIA Network+ Exam Objectives Are
Covered in This Chapter:
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1.5 Install and properly terminate various cable types and
connectors using appropriate tools
• Tools
o Cable crimpers
o Punch down tool
o Wire strippers
o Snips
o OTDR
o Cable certifier
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Chapter 18 Objectives
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2.1 Given a scenario, use appropriate monitoring tools
• Packet/network analyzer
• Interface monitoring tools
• Port scanner
• Top talkers/listeners
• SNMP management software
o Trap
o Get
o Walk
o MIBS
• Alerts
o Email
o SMS
• Packet flow monitoring
• SYSLOG
• SIEM
• Environmental monitoring tools
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Chapter 18 Objectives
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The Following CompTIA Network+ Exam Objectives Are
Covered in This Chapter:
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2.2 Given a scenario, analyze metrics and reports from monitoring
and tracking performance tools
• Baseline
• Bottleneck
• Log management
• Graphing
• Utilization
o Bandwidth
o Storage
o Network device CPU
o Network device memory
o Wireless channel utilization
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Chapter 18 Objectives
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The Following CompTIA Network+ Exam Objectives Are
Covered in This Chapter:
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4.2 Given a scenario, analyze and interpret the output of
troubleshooting tools
• Line testers
• Certifiers
• Multimeter
• Cable tester
• Light meter
• Toner probe
• Speed test sites
• Looking glass sites
• WiFi analyzer
• Protocol analyzer
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Network Scanners
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Network scanner has become a broad term often referring to a
family of tools used to analyze our networks
Network scanners refer mainly to these three tools:
– Packet sniffers
– Intrusion Detection System / Intrusion Prevention System
(IDS/IPS) software
– Port scanners
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Network Scanners
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Packet Sniffers
– Packet sniffers actually look inside every packet on a
network segment.
– Packet sniffers come in many flavors, and some of
them, like Microsoft’s Network Monitor (NetMon) or
Wireshark, are even free
– The basic purpose of packet sniffers (or a network
analyzer) is to collect and analyze individual packets
captured on a specific network segment to determine if
problems like bottlenecks, retransmissions, and
security breaches are present.
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Network Scanners
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Intrusion Detection and Prevention Software (IDS/IPS)
– IDS detects unwanted attempts to manipulate network
systems and/or environments
– IPS is a computer-security device that monitors network
and/or system activities for strange or malicious behavior
– Snort is one of the more popular IDS/IPS software products
– Cisco offers an Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) as a
hardware enterprise solution
A stack of Cisco ASA’s
potentially protecting a
network:
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Network Scanners
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Intrusion Detection and Prevention Software (IDS/IPS)
implementations are typically placed in the network
where you’re most interested in data compromise
evaluation:
Internal network
DMZ
Web Server
Firewall
SQL Server
IDS/IPS
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Network Scanners
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Port Scanners
– A port scanner is a software tool designed to
search a host for open ports.
– A portscan is the act of scanning for Transport
Control Protocol (TCP) and UDP open ports on a
single target host.
– port sweeping means scanning multiple hosts on a
network for a specific listening TCP or UDP port
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Network Scanners
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A program named Network Mapper (Nmap) can be used as
a port scanner
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Network Scanners
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Angry IP is a providing both IP-scanning and portscanning abilities.
Angry IP is not as complex as Nmap and extremely
easy to use (a free open source program as well)
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Figure 18.6
Figure 18.7
Figure 18.8
Figure 18.9
Figure 18.11
Hardware Tools
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Cable Testers
– Cable-testing tools can range from simple, inexpensive
mechanical devices to elaborate electronic testers that
automatically supply you with test results
An inexpensive cable tester
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Loopback Plug
• A loopback test is a diagnostic procedure in which a
signal is transmitted and returned to the sending device
after passing through all or a portion of a network or
circuit
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Hardware Tools
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Wire-Map Testers
– A wire-map tester is a device that transmits signals
through each wire in a copper twisted-pair cable to
determine if it’s connected to the correct pin at the other
end.
Continuity Testers
– A continuity tester is an even simpler and less expensive
device than a wire-map tester that’s designed to check a
copper cable connection for basic installation problems
like opens, shorts, and crossed pairs.
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Hardware Tools
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Protocol Analyzer
– A protocol analyzer is often confused with a packet sniffer
because some products really are both.
– A packet sniffer looks at all traffic on a network segment.
– A protocol analyzer analyzes protocols.
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Certifiers
– Certification testers or certifiers are used to determine
whether your network meets specific International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) or TIA standards.
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Hardware Tools
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Time-Domain Reflectometer (TDR)
– A time-domain reflectometer (TDR) is a tool that
finds and describes faults in metallic cables like
twisted wire pairs and coaxial cables.
Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer (OTDR)
– An optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) is an
optoelectronic instrument used to give you
information about optical fibers.
We use OTDRs to give us
information about the following:
The fiber’s estimated length
Its overall attenuation
The location of faults
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Hardware Tools
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Multimeter
– A multimeter or a multitester
(also called a volt/ohm meter
[VOM]) is a multitasking
electronic measuring instrument.
– Used to troubleshoot electrical
problems in a wide array of
electrical devices like batteries,
motor controls, appliances,
power supplies, and wiring.
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Hardware Tools
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Toner Probe
– A toner probe, also called a tone generator, is a
simple copper cable tester that is simple to use
and can be used to trace a wire in a wall.
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Hardware Tools
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Butt Set
– A butt set essentially a portable
telephone that allows you to test
and monitor analog lines.
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Punch-Down Tool
– Twisted-pair cable
usually terminated
in wiring closets using
a tool known as a
punch-down tool.
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Hardware Tools
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Crimper
– A wire crimper, often simply called crimper, is a handy
tool found in most network technicians’ tool bags.
– Crimpers are primarily used for attaching ends onto
different types of network cables
via a process known as crimping.
• Cable Stripper/Snips
– Before you can crimp a connector onto the end of a
wire, you have to strip the cable with a type of cable
stripper (or snips) and then properly put the wires into
the connector.
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Hardware Tools
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Voltage Event Recorder
– A voltage event recorder can troubleshoot and even
provide preventative maintenance on your entire
electrical system.
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Temperature Monitor
– Temperature systems can provide multiple sensors
feeding data to a single control point.
– We can much more accurately track the temperature
in our server rooms dynamically in real time.
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Environmental Monitors
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Designed to monitor the temperate, humidity, and air flow
in an area or in a device.
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Temperature /Humidity Monitor
– Systems can provide multiple sensors feeding data to
a single control point.
– We can much more accurately track the temperature
in our server rooms dynamically in real time.
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Summary
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Summary
Exam Essentials Section
Written Labs
Review Questions
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