Transcript ENUM---A Mechanism for Personalized IP services Management

工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
ENUM --- A Mechanism for
Personalized IP Services
Management
Using E.164 Number
周勝鄰 博士
工研院電通所
E-mail: [email protected]
Tel: 03-5915616
2003. 07
ENUM- --- S.,L. Chou
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11/21/00
工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
Why ENUM ?
 How do network elements (gateways, SIP servers etc) find
services on the Internet if you only have a telephone
(E.164) number?
 How can subscribers define their preferences for incoming
communications?
 Many Number & Addressing Mechanism Used
 With ENUM  Only One Number
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
ENUM 101
 What is ENUM (RFC 2916)?
 Make Telephone Number Become a Domain Name in Internet
 Any Telephone Number can Register As Domain Name in IP
World
 Importance of ENUM
 New Addressing Mechanism in IP World
 Mechanism for IP/PSTN Convergence
 Global ENUM Activities
 IETF, ITU-T, US ENUM Form, Europe, …
 ENUM Trials: More Than 10 Countries
 Different Kinds of ENUM
 Public (Personalized) ENUM: Future Vision
 Carrier ENUM: Enhance MMS/SMS Services
 Enterprise ENUM: Enhance Enterprise Telecomm Service
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
What is ENUM ?
Problem:
How to Address (or Locate) a User in IP World from
IP/PSTN Network ?
ENUM is a Mechanism to Translate
an E.164 Number into A List of URI (Service@Host)
So that An IP User Can be Accessed by E.164 Number.
E.164 Number
ENUM
Mechanism
URI(Service@Host)
Domain Name System (DNS)
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
ENUM Domain
The root node
“.”
com
arpa
e164.arpa
net
...
in-addr.arpa
second-level node
third-level node
second-level node
second-level node
third-level node
1.e164.arpa
7.1.e164.arpa
...
1.2.3.4.5.5.5.2.3.7.1.e164.arpa
Figure 1: A single common ENUM domain, which is e164.arpa
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
Tier-0 Top Level Domain (TLD)
 The Choice of Common Designated Domain fir ENUM
Tier-0 is Undecided and is Proving Controversial
 ARPA as ENUM TLD is Controlled by IETF and Operated by
RIPE-NCC
US and some other countries, ISOC/IAB/IETF Support IETF
Conclusion
European Union, France and Germany Proposed ITU-TSB as the
Operator for ENUM
China, France, Germany, Syria and Spain Objected to ARPA as TLD
for political reason  to reinforce the infrastructure of Internet
governance
 E.A-ENUM Recommendation
“Principle and procedures for the administration of E.164 Country
codes for registration into the Domain Name System”
TLD is open
ITU-TSB is the ENUM Tier-0 Administrator
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
ENUM in a Nutshell
• take phone number
• turn into
name
+46-8-6859131
domain
1.3.1.9.5.8.6.8.6.4.e164.arpa.
• ask the DNS
mailto:[email protected]
• return list of URI’s
sip:[email protected]
Source: IETF
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
ENUM in More Detail
DNS-Server
Query
1.3.1.9.5.8.6.8.6.4.e164.arpa.?
Response
sip:[email protected]
“Call setup”
Dial
+4686859131
Sip
sip:[email protected]
Gateway
Sip server
Source: IETF
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
ENUM DNS Hierarchy
.
.arpa
Tier 0
(RIPE)
6.8.8.e164.arpa -> ns1.t1.com
ns2.t1.com
ns1.t1.com/ns2.t1.com
2.6.8.8.e164.arpa -> ns1.t1a.com; ns2.t1a.com
6.6.8.8.e164.arpa -> ns1.t1b.com; ns2.t1b.com
Tier 1
ns1.t1a.com/ns2.t1a.com
ns1.t1b.com/ns2.t1b.com
...
4.3.2.1.4.9.3.2.2.6.8.8.e164.arpa
-> ns1.t2.biz; ns2.t2.biz
...
4.3.2.1.8.9.2.6.6.8.8.e164.arpa
-> ns1.t2.org; ns2.t2.org
ns1.t2.biz/ns2.t2.biz
Tier 2
(Designated by
the end user)
Tier 3
(Depending on
the application)
4.3.2.1.4.9.3.2.2.6.8.8.e164.arpa
-> NAPTR RRs (ldap URL)
ldap URL
LDAP
DB
Source: James Yum, Neustar
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
ENUM Scenario
Enum Record
$ORIGIN 6.1.6.5.1.9.5.3.6.8.8.e164.arpa.
IN NAPTR 100 10 “u” “sip+E2U”
IN NAPTR 102 10 “u” “tel+E2U”
IN NAPTR 102 10 “u” “mailto+E2U”
E-Mail
Server
DNS
ENUM
Server
“!^.*$!sip:[email protected]!”
“!^.*$!tel:+886910961527!”
“!^.*$!mailto:[email protected]!”
3
SIP
Phone
SIP Proxy
3
5
IP Network
2
Signal
Gateway
IAD
Softswitch
4
Media
Gateway
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
User Dial Tel. No
ENUM Query, get 3 URIs
Make SIP Call, No Answer
Make Mobile Call, Fail
Connect to E-Mail
Dial:03-5915616
ENUM- --- S.,L. Chou
0910961527
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
ENUM Scenario (cont.)
1.
User Make Call to E.164 Number: 03-5915616
2.
Softswitch Translates the E.164 Number to Query Input to ENUM Server:
6.1.6.5.1.9.5.3.6.8.8.e164.arpa and gets a list of URIs returned
3.
The Softswitch Processes the 1st URI Record,
a. Query DNS to get the IP Address of Host: itri-sip-proxy.org.tw
b. Make SIP Call to SIP Phone of slchou through SIP Proxy
c. SIP Phone Does not Answer
4.
The Softswitch Processes the 2nd URI Record,
a. Make PSTN Call Through Gateway to 0910961527
b. 0910961527 Does not Answer
5.
The Softswitch Processes the 3rd URI Record,
a. Query DNS to get the IP Address of Host: itri.org.tw
b. Connect the Caller E-Mail Server SMTP Protocol
c. Caller Leave the E-Mail Message
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
ENUM and MMS Service
Step 3b
ENUM Server
Step 2
Query:
5.4.3.2.1.0.4.4.9.e164.apra
Internet/
Data Network
Step 3a
Step 1
To: 0944-012345
‘SMS Based’
Registry
Server
Gateway MMSC ‘B’
Response
mms:0944012345@domainB
IP = 192.9.200.3
GGSN SGSN
Network B
MMS ‘A’
Network A
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
ENUM Administrative Model
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
Registry vs. Registrar
 Registry
 Runs the DNS server for a specific domain name
 one domain -> one registry
 Registrar
 Provide ENUM Registration to ENUM Users
 So that Users Need Not to Contact Registry
 Registrar verify customer data, do billing, and send data to
registry when delegation is to be done, changed or cancelled
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
ITU-T ENUM Activities
 ITU-T Study Group 2
 Interim Procedures for Use of the ARPA Domain
 Approved in May, 2002
 Interim procedures for delegation of E.164 country codes into ARPA
domain before Approval of E.A-NUM
 RIPE-NCC is Authorized by ITU-TSB to Perform such Delegation
at this Stage
http://www.ripe.net/enum/instructions.html
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電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
IETF ENUM Activities
 Telephone Number Mapping (ENUM) WG
 RFC 2916, “E.164 number and DNS”
 RFC 2915, “The naming authority pointer (NAPTR) DNS resource record”, August, 2000
 RIPE-NCC
 Related ENUM Activities after RFC 2916
 Update RFC to reference the DDDS
– RFC2916bis,”The E.164 to URI DDDS Application”
 ENUM Administrative and Operational Prtocedures
– Registration and Provisioning Procedures, Validation and Authentication of Data
– Operational Privacy, Security Issues and Procedure
 IETF Liaison with ITU-T SG2
 New Issues Being Considered:
– Extent Same URI in RFC 2916 for Different Service
» e.g., 2 SIP URIs but one for voice and one is instant messaging
 SIP vs. ENUM Services, e.g., distinction the location provided by SIP and ENUM
 Adding Presence as an ENUM service
 Extension of ENUM service ‘tel’ URI
 Location Number Portability, using DNS as the source
 Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) in PROVREG WG, IETF
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電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
886 Issue in IP World
• Permanent Caching 6.8.8.e164.arpa pointing to Taiwan ENUM Tier-1
in other Countries Tier-1
ENUM
TLD
JPN ENUM
TIER 1
ENUM
TIER 2
ENUM- --- S.,L. Chou
6.8.8.e164.arpa
Taiwan
ENUM
TIER 1
ENUM
TIER 2
ENUM
TIER 2
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6.8.8.e164.arpa
ENUM
TIER 2
US ENUM
TIER 1
ENUM
TIER 2
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
ENUM Provisioning Issues
 Privacy Issues
 Need to obtain end-user agreement to enter number in DNS, depending
on national data-protection laws
 Hardening the ENUM zone data against data mining, especially for the
purposes of spam?
 But hard to stop ENUM name servers being harvested for resources bound
to an E.164 number
 Security Issue
 Almost no security in normal DNS
 Transaction Signatures (TSIG) provides simple form of DNS Security
based on shared secret
 Ultimately DNSSEC needs to be deployed
 uses public key encryption to generate digital signatures for every resource
record in a zone
 public keys are also signed and included in the zone, allowing the signatures to
be validated
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電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
ENUM Provisioning Issues
 Service Integrity
 Unexpected Service Activated to the Caller
 Service Provisioning and Management
 E.164 Number Authentication
 Service Validation on NAPTR Modifications ?
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
More Than Number Translation
 One E.164 Number to Multiple URIs
 Multiple NAPTR  service: URI
 Multiple IP Services Behind one ENUM
 sip, tel, ifax, mms, ems, sip, e-mail, …
 Service Realization Mechanism in IP World
 Service Realization for ASP
 Service Selection
 Service Management for ENUM Users
 Web-based Service Management for ENUM Users
 Service Applied Dynamically
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工業技術研究院
電腦與通訊工業研究所
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Computer & Communications Research Laboratories
Conclusions
 ENUM is An Important Enabling Technology to Speed-up
IP/PSTN Convergence
 ENUM --- Let Users Use Telephone Number in IP Network
 ENUM --- Make Users to Manage Different IP Services
Uniformly
 ENUM Will Bring Huge Impact to PSTN and IP Networks
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