Transcript Internet -Unit 1

 Introduction
to Internet
 Applications
of the Internet
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E-Mail
Telnet
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
E-commerce
Video Conferencing
E-business
 Internet
Service Providers
A
technology that now makes computers look
lifeless if they don’t have it.
Without Internet
Without Internet
 internet
is a network of networks
 the
Internet can be used as the wired or
wireless mode of communication through
which:
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one can receive, or
transmit information
that can be used for single or
multiple operations.
 Late
1950’s: Russians had received success
with sputnik
 Realizing
the need for research, US came up
with ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency)
 In
1969, ARPA net was formed.
 Aim:
enabling sharing of info b/w universities
 Messages
can be routed and rerouted in more
than one direction.
Quiz 1)
if parts of it are destroyed, in
the event of a military attack or
disaster what will happen?
a)
b)
c)
d)
No communication possible
No routing possible
Full system is on halt
N/w continues to function.
 Internet
is also known as the information
superhighway.
 Why
is it called so?
Landline
 The
National Science Foundation (NSF) pays a
good portion,
 another
good portion comes from us as,
Internet users paying our ISP's who then pay
their inter-network providers for connection
to their servers.

The rest of the money comes from
advertisers. Just like TV, advertising fees
paid across the Internet greatly underwrite
many of the costs we would have to pay
otherwise.
A
technical definition of the World Wide
Web is: all the resources and users on the
Internet that are using the Hypertext
Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
A
broader definition comes from the
organization that Web inventor Tim BernersLee helped found, the World Wide Web
Consortium (W3C):
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"The World Wide Web is the universe of networkaccessible information, an embodiment of human
knowledge."
An ISP (Internet Service Provider) is a
company that collects a monthly or yearly
fee in exchange for providing the subscriber
with Internet access.
 A NATIONAL ISP will provide access
throughout most of the nation, while
 A LOCAL ISP will only serve subscribers
in a limited geographical region.
BSNL: servicing all of India except Mumbai and
Delhi. FTTH, Triple-play Broadband Services
provided by ADSL and VDSL
 MTNL - servicing Mumbai and Delhi. Also
providing GPRS and 3G internet services.
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Vovinet - servicing Mumbai,Goa and Andhra
Pradesh.
Ref:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_internet_service
_providers_in_India
One day all of us got into a 100m race. Second was
‘YOU BROADBAND’, Then that fellow, Light.
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Airtel - ADSL, GPRS & 3G
Skynet Broadband - Internet Service Provider
Aircel - GPRS & 3G
Hathway - Broadband over Cable
Idea - GPRS & 3G
MTS India - CDMA/EV-DO
Reliance Communications - ADSL, GPRS & 3G, MetroEthernet, CDMA/EV-DO, Wimax
Reliance Industries - LTE (to be launched)
Sify - Broadband over cable
Tata DoCoMo - GPRS & 3G
Tata Indicom - ADSL, CDMA/EV-DO, Metro-Ethernet, WiMax
Vodafone - GPRS & 3G
YOU Broadband & Cable India Limited (formerly YOU
Telecom) - Broadband over cable
 An
ISP might provide dial-up service,
cable, DSL, or other types of Internet access.
NCSA Mosaic (National Center for supercomputing
Applications
NCSA Mosaic 3.0 for Windows
Developer(s)
NCSA
Initial release
0.5 / January 23, 1993; 21
years ago[1]
Discontinued
3.0 / 1997; 17 years ago
Underwater fiber optic cable
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A cross section of a submarine communications cable.
1 – Polyethylene
3 – Stranded steel wires
5 – Polycarbonate
7 – Petroleum jelly
2 – Mylar tape
4 – Aluminium water barrier
6 – Copper or aluminium tube
8 – Optical fibers
Submarine cables are laid
using special cable layer
HOW IS IT LAID? ships, such as the modern
René Descartes, operated
 Indian telecom giant Tata, one of the world's
by France Telecom Marine.
largest subsea cable providers, manages
130,500 miles of fiber sitting at the bottom
of the ocean floor. That's enough to circle
the planet five times. It takes a ship six
weeks just to load the cable for a crossocean voyage.
Why is all that underwater cable
necessary?
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It's a matter of speed, and laying in enough
safeguards to ensure that the Internet won't suddenly
go down.
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It sounds crazy, but Earth's continents are physically
linked to one another through a vast network of
subsea, fiber-optic cables that circumnavigate the
globe. Cords no thicker than your home's broadband
connection stretch along the bottom of the Pacific,
Atlantic, and Indian Oceans; through the Suez canal;
across the Mediterranean Sea and around the coasts
of Africa and South America.
A ship leaving the United Arab Emirates
uses weights attached to buoys to help
sink an underwater Internet cable.
Data and
Voice
Internet
Modem
Computer
Phone
Outside Call
Data
DSL
Modem
Computer
Voice
Phone
Internet
PROTOCOLS
 Definition:
A network protocol defines rules
and conventions for communication between
network devices. Protocols for computer
networking all generally use packet switching
techniques to send and receive messages in
the form of packets.
IP
 The
Internet Protocol family contains a set of
related (and among the most widely used
network protocols)

Besides Internet Protocol (IP) itself, higherlevel protocols like TCP, UDP, HTTP, and FTP
all integrate with IP to provide additional
capabilities.
 Explain
TELNET
Stands for Telecommunications Network,

A
protocol that provides a way for users (or
clients) to connect to other users via servers
on the Internet, this could be in the next
building or around the other side of the
world.
 In
most cases, users use Telnet to
communicate with a remote login service.