Transcript ITU-Arab Regional Office

International Telecommunication Union
Role of Telecommunications/ ICT
in Disaster Mitigation
Alexandria, EGYPT, 14-17 April 2007
Dr. Cosmas L. Zavazava, PhD.
HEAD,
Emergency Telecommunications,
Least Developed Countries,
and Small Island Developing States
Disasters kill at least one
million people each decade
and cause annual losses of
US 65 billion dollars…
THE DESTRUCTIVE NATURE OF
DISASTERS
Pic earthquake
Pic earthquake
Pic floods
Pic forest fire
Pic forest fire
Sandstorm.
WHEN DISASTERS
STRIKE…
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
SAVE LIVES
FOUR
COMMUNICATION
IMPERATIVES
Alarm
dissemination
Coordination
Request information and provide
feedback on impact of disaster
ICT : MULTI-HAZARD
APPROACH
Hurricane
Floods
Volcano
Earthquake
Fire
Tsunami
MULTI-TECHNOLOGY FOR
MULTI-HAZARDS
Volcano
Earthquake
Tsunami
Flood
Fire
191 Member States
700 Sector Members
100 Sector Associates
ABOUT ITU
ITU
Helping the World Communicate
ITU-D
ITU-T
Telecommunication
standardization
- network and service
aspects
ITU-R
Radiocommunication
standardization and
global radio spectrum
management
Assistance delivery and
implementation of
telecommunications in
developing countries
ENHANCED COORDINATION IN
EMERGENCY TELECOMMUNICATION
ITU Deputy Secretary-General
Chairs Inter-Sectoral Group
On Emergency Telecoms
ITU-D
Coordinates all Sectors
at operational level
ITU-T
ITU-R
ITU’s COMPLETE PACKAGE TO DISASTER MITIGATION
The Mitigation Onion Layer Approach (MOLA)
1. Risk assessment/ Analysis
(intensity + probability)
3. Prevention
Raising awareness using ICTs
and building preventive
measures in projects
4. Preparedness
Early warning +
temporary measures
2. Early Warning
- forecasting dissemination
- Provision of timely and
effective information
5. Risk Management
Policies, strategies + practices
aimed at disaster risk reduction
BACKGROUND TEXTS: ITU-T
(STANDARDS)
 International Emergency Preference
Scheme
(Rec.E.106 Call Preference scheme)
 Interoperability of telecommunication networks
(ITU-T Rec. H.323)
 Overview of the requirements, features, and
concept for emergency telecoms for Next
Generation Networks (NGN) (ITU-T Y. 1271)
 Message broadcast capability for IP
systems
New by ITU-T Common Alert
Protocol (CAP)
• Standard alert message format that can be used for a wide range of
alert types
– Including early warning and dissemination
• Developed originally by OASIS
– Good acceptance by industry and user communities
• Currently: work item to be formally accepted within ITU-T SG 17
(Security, languages and telecommunication software)
– Approval expected early 2008
• Next:
– Support of CAP in ITU-T defined systems
– Refinements to the spec
– Recommendation expected by end of May 2007
BACKGROUND TEXTS: ITU-R
(RADIOCOMMUNICATION)
 Res.646 (WRC-03): Public Protection and
Disaster Relief
 Encouraging regionally harmonized bands/ranges for public
protection and relief.
 Region 1:380-470 Mhz
 Region 2:746-806 Mhz, 806-869 Mhz, 4940-4990 Mhz.
 Region 3:406.1-430Mhz, 440-470Mhz, 806-824/851-869 Mhz
 Application of amateur and amateur satellite
services (Rec. M.1042-2)
 Support to emergency
broadcasting, maritime and
public safety signals
ITU-R: DISASTER PREDICTION,
DETECTION, ALERTING AND RELIEF
Disaster activities
Radiocommunication service
involved
Prediction and Detection
▪Meteorological services
▪Earth exploration and satellite
service
Alerting and Relief
▪Amateur services
▪Broadcasting services and
satellite (radio, TV etc)
▪Fixed services terrestrial and
satellite
▪Mobile services (land,
satellite, maritime, etc)
160° 140° 120° 100° 80° 60° 40°
20°
C
0°
B
20° 40° 60° 80° 100° 120° 140° 160° 180°
170°
170°
Regionally Harmonized Bands (ITU-R)
A
75°
75°
60°
60°
REGION 1
REGION 2
40°
30°
20°
40°
30°
20°
0°
0°
20°
30°
40°
20°
30°
40°
REGION 3
C
170°
60°
160° 140° 120° 100° 80° 60° 40°
B
20°
A
0°
60°
20° 40° 60° 80° 100° 120° 140° 160° 180°
5-01
170°
REGION 3
BACKGROUND TEXTS: ITU-D
(DEVELOPMENT)
 WTDC-06 Resolution 34: “The role of telecommunications/ICT in
early warning and mitigation of disasters and humanitarian assistance.”

requesting the BDT “to support administrations in their work towards the
implementation of the Tampere Convention,” and ITU-D should strengthen the link
between telecommunication development and disaster.
 WTDC-06: ITU-D Study Group 2 (Question 22/2):
“Utilization of ICT for disaster management and active and passive space-based
sensing systems as they apply to disaster prediction, detection and mitigation.”
 PP-06 Resolution 36: “Telecommunications/ICT in the service of
humanitarian assistance”
 inviting Member States “to work towards their accession to the Tampere Convention
as a matter of priority” and also,
“to take all practical steps for the application of the Tampere Convention.”
 PP-06 Resolution 136:“The use of ICT for monitoring and
management in emergency and disaster situations for early warning, prevention,
mitigation and relief.”
 To support technical studies through ITU study Groups
 Support the development of robust, comprehensive, all-hazards emergency and
disaster early warning, mitigation and relief systems
ITU-D: DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS (1)
 Telecommunication /ICT Development and
Deployment
 Incorporating resilience and reducing vulnerability
 Focus on Universal Access
 Training and Capacity building of
Government Agencies, Radio Amateurs,
NGOS, etc
 Best Practices
 Handbooks
 Case Studies
ITU-D: DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
(2)
Help Establish Appropriate:
 Legal Framework at National, Regional and
International levels
- Tampere Convention ratification and
implementation
 Regulatory Framework
 Licensing regimes
 Frequency usage
 Policy framework
ITU-D: RESPONSE AND RELIEF
OPERATIONS
▪ Deployment of Satellite terminals for telemedicine and
voice (disaster relief) e.g. ▪ Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Suriname,
etc.
▪ Post Disaster Network Damage Assessments e.g.
▪ Indonesia, Maldives, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka
▪ Network Rehabilitation and GIS e.g. Indonesia
EXAMPLE OF PARTNERSHIPS THAT
WORK
ROHDE & SCHWARZ
ITU &
ITU SECTOR
MEMBERS
THURAYA
INMARSAT
FRANCE TELECOM
ONGOING AND FUTURE WORK
 Publication of Best Practices and Designing of
Model National Emergency Plans
 Compendium on ITU-T, ITU-R, and ITU-D work
• Protocols for Automatic TV, Radio and Telephone
on-switching capability
• Back-up ICT/Telecommunication systems
(satellite)
• ITU Framework for Cooperation in Emergencies
(IFCE)
ITU Framework for Cooperation in Emergencies
(IFCE)
Eminent Industry
Champion
Eminent Corporate
Champion
Eminent Corporate
Champion
Technology
Finance
Logistics
Cluster
Cluster
Cluster
▪Governments
▪Air Transport
operators
▪Satellite operators and
Land Earth station
operators
▪Telecom Operators
▪GIS/Remote sensing
service providers
▪Radiocommunications
Equipment Providers
▪Private Sector
▪Development Banks
▪Regional Economic
Groups
▪International
Couriers
KEY
STRATEGIES IN THE USE OF
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
FOR DISASTER MITIGATION
Bridging the Gap between Rural
and Urban (universal Access)




ICT should be high on the national development
agenda
Introduce low-cost, affordable
ICT/telecommunication technologies
ICT should provide a link for all citizens
Focus on Community based approaches rather
than households (universal access rather than
universal service)
Strategies: Embrace Convergence
Broadcasting
TV
ICTs for
Disaster
Mitigation
Broadcasting
Radio
Info. Technology
• Internet
•Wifi, Wifi-Max
Telecoms
• Fixed
• Mobile
Strategies: Harmonize Laws and
Regulations
• Adoption of appropriate treaties such
as the Tampere Convention
• Open standards that can help
interoperability of networks and
prioritization of calls
The “Tampere Hall” in
Tampere Finland, where the
Treaty on Telecommunication
For Disaster Mitigation and
Relief was signed on 18 June
1998.
Strategies: Concluding
• Forge Multi-stakeholder Partnerships
• Adopt relevant standards
• Develop and deploy appropriate
technologies
• Multidisciplinary approach
• Effective frequency management
CALL FOR PARTNERS
• SHARED VISION
• SHARED OBJECTIVES AND
OUTCOMES
• RESULTING IN WIN-WIN OUTCOMES
International Telecommunication Union
THANK YOU
Dr. COSMAS L. ZAVAZAVA
Tel: +41 22 730 5447
[email protected]
www.itu.int/itu-d/emergencytelecoms