Transcript Moto00 - BNRG - University of California, Berkeley

Internet-Scale Systems Research Group
(ISRG)
Millennium
Ninja
Endeavour
Cellular “Core” Network
ICEBERG
Eric Brewer, David Culler,
Anthony Joseph, Randy Katz
Computer Science Division, EECS Department
University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1776
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Emerging Internet Service
Business Model
Applications
(Portals, E-Commerce,
E-Tainment, Media)
Appl Infrastructure Services
(Distribution, Caching,
Searching, Hosting)
AIP
ISV
Application-specific Servers
(Streaming Media, Transformation)
ASP
Internet
Data Centers
ISP
CLEC
Application-specific
Overlay Networks
(Multicast Tunnels, Mgmt Svrcs)
Global Packet Network
Internetworking
(Connectivity)
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Observations
• Multimedia / Voice over IP networks
– Lower cost, more flexible packet-switching core network
– Simultaneous support for delay sensitive and delay insensitive
flows via differentiated services
• Intelligence shifts to the network edges
– Third-party functionality downloaded into Information
Appliances like PalmPilots
• Programmable intelligence inside the network
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Proxy servers intermixed with switching infrastructure
Mobile/extensible code, e.g., JAVA: “write once, run anywhere”
Rapid new service development
Speech-based services
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ISRG Research Focus
• Infrastructure Services
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Scalability
Availability
Pervasive Computing
Mobility
Proxies/Transcoders/Network Agents
Active Services
• Security and E-Commerce
• Novel Applications and Architectures
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Project Synergies
ICEBERG
Computer-Telephony
Integration
Service Creation
NINJA
Scalable, Secure Services
in the Network
Millennium
Endeavour
Post-PC Explorations
Vastly Diverse Devices
Oceanic Data Utility
Sensor-Centric Data Mgmt
Negotiation Architecture
Tacit Knowledge I/F
Intelligent Classrooms
Design Methods
Campus-Area Distributed
Clusters
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Millennium Project Goals
• Enable major advances in Computational Science and
Engineering
– Simulation, Modeling, and Information Processing becoming ubiquitous
• Explore novel design techniques for large, complex
systems
– Fundamental Computer Science problems ahead are problems of scale
• Develop fundamentally better ways of assimilating and
interacting with large volumes of information
– and with each other
• Explore emerging technologies
– networking, OS, devices
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Ninja Project Goals
• Create a framework that enables programmatic
generation and composition of services from strongly
typed reusable components
• Key Elements
– Structured architecture with a careful partitioning of state
» Bases, Active Routers, and Units
– Wide-area paths formed out of strongly-typed components
» Operators and Connectors
– Execution environments with efficient, but powerful communication
primitives
» Active Messages + capsules
» TACC + persistence + customization
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ICEBERG Project Goals
• Demonstrate ease of new service deployment
– Packet voice for computer-telephony integration
– Speech- and location-enabled applications
– Complete interoperation of speech, text, fax/image across the
four P’s: PDAs, pads, pagers, phones)
– Mobility and generalized routing redirection
• Demonstrate new system architecture to support
innovative applications
– Personal Information Management
» Universal In-box: e-mail, news, fax, voice mail
» Notification redirection: e.g., e-mail, pager
– Home networking and control of “smart” spaces, sensor/actuator
integration
» Build on experience with A/V equipped rooms in Soda Hall
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Experimental Testbed
Velo
Nino
IBM
WorkPad
MC-16
Motorola
Pagewriter 2000
CF788
306 Soda
405 Soda
326 Soda “Colab”
GSM BTS
TCI @Home
Smart Spaces
Personal Information Management
WLAN /
Bluetooth
Pager
SimMillennium
Network
Infrastructure
H.323
GW
Millennium Cluster
Millennium Cluster
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The Future: Internet-based
Open Services Architecture
“Today, the telecommunications sector is beginning to
reshape itself, from a vertically to a horizontally
structured industry. … [I]t used to be that new
capabilities were driven primarily by the carriers. Now,
they are beginning to be driven by the users. … There’s a
universe of people out there who have a much better idea
than we do of what key applications are, so why not give
those folks the opportunity to realize them. … The
smarts have to be buried in the ‘middleware’ of the
network, but that is going to change as more-capable
user equipment is distributed throughout the network.
When it does, the economics of this industry may also
change.”
George Heilmeier, Chairman Emeritus, Bellcore
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Smart Appliances/Thin Clients
PDA
PCS
Qualcomm PDQ Phone
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• Top Gun Wingman
– “Thin” presentation layer in PDA with
full rendering engine in wireline proxy
• Top Gun MediaBoard
– Participates as a reliable
multicast client via proxy in
wireline network
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Emerging Distributed Service
Architecture
Personal Information Management and “Smart Spaces”
Distributed
Videoconferencing
& Room-scale
Collaboration
Speech and Location
Aware Applications
Speech and Location
ICEBERG
Aware Applications
Computer-Telephony Services
ICEBERG
Computer-Telephony Services
MASH Media Processing Services
TranSend Extensible
Proxy Services
Active Services Architecture
Distributed Computing Services: NINJA
Computing and Communications Platform: Millennium/NOW
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Transparent Information Access
Speech-to-Text
Speech-to-Voice Attached-Email
Call-to-Pager/Email Notification
Email-to-Speech
All compositions
of the above!
Universal In-box
Policy-based
Location-based
Activity-based
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Composable Services
• E.g., voice control of A/V devices in a “Smart Room”
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Multistage processing transformation
Strongly typed connectors
Service discovery service
Automated path generation
Path
Audio
Microphone
Cell phone
ICSI
Speech
Recognizer
Text
Service
Text to
Command
A/V
Devices
Cmd
Room
Entity
Response
to Client
Composed Service
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NINJA Distributed Computing Platform
• Bases (1M’s)
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scalable, highly available
persistent state (safe)
databases, agents
“home” base per user
service programming
environment
Wide-Area Path
• Active Proxies (100M’s)
– not packet routers, may be AN
nodes
– bootstrap thin devices into
infrastructure
– soft-state and well-connected
• Units (1B’s)
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sensors / actuators
PDAs / smartphones / PCs
heterogeneous
Minimal functionality:
“Smart Clients”
Jini
devices
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ICEBERG Principles ...
• Potentially Any Network Services (PANS)
– Any service can be accessed from any network by any
device; network/device independence in system design
• Personal Mobility
– Person as communication endpoint with single identity
• Service Mobility
– Retain services across networks
• Easy Service Creation and Customization
– Allow callee control & filtering
• Scalability, Availability, Fault Tolerance
• Security, Authentication, Privacy
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ICEBERG Architectural Elements
• ICEBERG Access Point (IAP)
– Encapsulates network specific gateway (control and data)
• ICEBERG Point of Presence (iPOP)
– Performs detailed signaling
» Call Agent: per communication device per call party
» Call Agent Dispatcher: deploy call agent
• Name Mapping Service
– Mapping between iUID (Iceberg Unique ID) and service end point
• Preference Registry
– Contains user profile:service subscription, configuration, customization
• Person Activity Tracker (PAT)
– Tracks dynamic information about user of interest
• Automatic Path Creation Service
– Creates datapath among participants’ communications devices
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Transformation and Redirection
Pager
GW
Cellular
Network
IAP
IAP
Transducer
IAP
Agent
GW
IAP
IP Core
WLAN
GW
Redirection
IAP
Agent
H.323
GW
PSTN
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ICEBERG Signaling System
• Signaling System
– Distributed system w/agents communicating via signaling
protocol for call setup, routing, & control
• ICEBERG Basic Call Service
– Communication of two or more call participants using any
number of communication devices via any kind of media
– If call participant uses more than one devices, must be
used synchronously
• Basic Approach
– Loosely coupled, soft state-based signaling protocol
w/group communication
– Call Session: a collection of call agents that communicate
with each other
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Signaling: Call Session Establishment
Alice
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IAP
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3
iPOP
Call Agent
Dispatcher
Call Agent
Dispatcher
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Call
Agent
iPOP
Carol
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IAP
iPOP
Call Agent
Dispatcher
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Call
Agent
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Call
Agent
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Bob
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Name Mapping
Service
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IAP
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Preference
Registry
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Light-Weight Call Session
Call
Agent
Call State Table
Announce Call Session
Data Path
Table
Listen
Create/tear down
data path
Add or
remove
path
Call
Agent
Announce
Listen
Call
Agent
Create/tear down
data path
Auto Path
Creation
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Advantages of Soft State
• Dynamic datapath simplification
• Fault detection via heartbeat messages
• Fault recovery:
– IAP locale for hard state
– iPOP based on soft state)
• Enables important services:
– Multiparty call sessions
– Service handoff
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Service Handoff Scenario:
Cell Phone to Laptop
handoff from
cell phone to
VAT
Cell phone
turned off
Caller
IAP
Callee
IAP
announce
announce
Listen
Listen
Start
Multicast Session
new IAP
announce
Listen
Caller
IAP2
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Service Handoff Scenario
handoff from
cell phone to
VAT
Cell phone
turned off
Caller
IAP
Start
new IAP
announce
Listen
Multicast Session
announce
Listen
Caller
IAP2
Callee
IAP
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Simple reliability scheme
IAP fault tolerant
Simultaneous service handoff
Multiparty calls trivial
Security through encryption
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Summary
Data Plane
Operators
Connectors
APC
Paths
IAP
PRLS
PAT
Ninja Execution
Environment
Bases
Active
Proxies
Units
Control
Plane
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ICEBERG/NINJA Conclusions
• Emerging Network-centric Distributed Architecture
spanning processing and access
• Open, composable services architecture--the wide-area
“operating system” of the 21st Century
• Beyond the desktop PC: information appliances
supported by infrastructure services--multicast realtime media plus proxies for any-to-any format
translation and delivery to diverse devices
• Common network core: optimized for data, based on IP,
enabling packetized voice, supporting user, terminal,
and service mobility
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Information Technology
Expeditions: “Endeavour”
• To strive or reach; a serious determined
effort (Webster’s 7th New Collegiate
Dictionary); British spelling
• Captain Cook’s ship from his first voyage of
exploration of the great unknown of his day:
the southern Pacific Ocean (1768-1771).
– These voyages brought brought more land and wealth to
the British Empire than any military campaign
– Cook’s lasting contribution: comprehensive knowledge of
the people, customs, and ideas that lay across the sea
– “He left nothing to his successors other than to marvel at
the completeness of his work”
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The Endeavour Expedition:
Devices in the eXtreme
Information Appliances:
Many computers per person,
MEMs, CCDs, LCDs, connectivity
Information Appliances:
Scaled down desktops,
e.g., CarPC, PdaPC, etc.
Evolution
Revolution
Evolved Desktops
Servers:
Scaled-up Desktops,
Millennium
Mem
Smart Spaces
Display
BANG!
Mem
Keyboard
Disk
mProc
PC Evolution
mProc
Information
Utility
Disk
Camera
Server, Mem,
Disk
WAN
Camera
Display
Display
Smart
Sensors
Display
Servers: Integrated with
comms infrastructure;
Lots of computing in
small footprint
Computing
Revolution
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Endeavour Technical Approach
• Information Devices
– Beyond desktop computers to
MEMS-sensors/actuators with
capture/display to yield
enhanced activity spaces
• Information
Utility
• Information
Applications
– High Speed/Collaborative
Decision Making and Learning
– Augmented “Smart” Spaces:
Rooms and Vehicles
• Design Methodology
– User-centric Design with
HW/SW Co-design;
– Formal methods for safe and
trustworthy decomposable and
reusable components
“Fluid”, Network-Centric
System Software
– Partitioning and management
of state between soft and
persistent state
– Data processing placement and
movement
– Component discovery and
negotiation
– Flexible capture, selforganization, and re-use of
information
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Interdisciplinary, TechnologyCentered Expedition Team
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Alex Aiken, PL
Eric Brewer, OS
John Canny, AI
David Culler, OS/Arch
Joseph Hellerstein, DB
Michael Jordan, Learning
Anthony Joseph, OS
Randy Katz, Nets
John Kubiatowicz, Arch
James Landay, UI
• Jitendra Malik, Vision
• George Necula, PL
• Christos Papadimitriou,
Theory
• David Patterson, Arch
• Kris Pister, Mems
• Larry Rowe, MM
• Alberto SangiovanniVincentelli, CAD
• Doug Tygar, Security
• Robert Wilensky, DL/AI
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Participating ISRG Sponsors
Service
Companies
Computer
Companies
Communications
Companies
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