Transcript Steckler NCOIC Katrina Brief

Naval Postgraduate School
Joint Task Force
Katrina Relief Effort
Unclassified
Information Brief
Purpose/Objective
• Purpose: To provide NCOIC with a sketch of
NPS’s Hastily Formed Networks deployed in
support of the emergency response to Hurricane
Katrina.
• Objective: To show relevance of Hastily Formed
Networks and NPS’s Humanitarian
Assistance/Disaster Relief work to the global
humanitarian assistance community.
HFN Defined…..
• Skills to Learn:
–
–
–
–
Interagency / coalition ops (civ-mil boundary)
Collaborative coordination tool set
Capacity to Improvise
Leadership in a network
HFN Concept by Dr Peter Denning,
NPS Cebrowski Institute Executive Director
Conversation Space…..
• Medium in which all communications take
place
• A set of interaction rules for effective
coordination among all participants
Aspects of Conversation Space
• Physical
– communication systems
– meeting places
– distribution systems
• Community
– players and organizations
• Practices
– rules of interaction and coordination
Physical Aspects…..
• mobile networks
• telephony
• Internet
• satellite
• power
• fast configurability
• meeting places
• pre-positioning essential equipment
• distribution systems
Community Aspects…..
• including all players
• transcending turf issues
• civil-military boundaries
• sharing information
• situation awareness
• planning
• coordinating (action, OODA loops)
• building trust
Practices Aspects…..
• rules of engagement for multiple, autonomous
organizations
• must be embodied -- not a step-by-step process
• getting “buy-in” on the rules
• decentralized control and decision making
• collaboration without hierarchy
Instructive Examples…..
• NYC after 9/11
– open, included all NY conditioned tendency to
stovepipe
• SE Asian Tsunami Dec 26 ’04
– collaboration w/out hierarchy, ad hoc, no common
conversation space
• US Gulf Coast after Katrina Aug 29 ‘05
– partitioned, protecting turf, finger pointing, red tape,
citizens initially not included
Claim:
• Doing HFN well means mastery of conversation
space
– What are the rules of the most productive “game”?
– What are the skills for successful play?
– Where does technology fit in (HFN is the key to the
kingdom)?
Hastily Formed Networks
NPS’s Katrina
Relief Effort
The Storm Surge…..
Areas of Operation
Network Infrastructure
Hancock Medical
Center
Law Enforcement EOC
Relief
Distribution
Center
Bay St Louis Fire &
Police Station
Waveland
Police Station
Relief
Distribution
Center
NPS DET 1 NETWORK
Tachyon Satellite
802.16 Wireless
802.11 Wireless
223rd ENG BATT DET
The Images…..
The Images…..
The Images…
The Images…..
The Problem…..
• No power
• No fiber/copper infrastructure
• No push-to-talk comms to speak of
• Cellular services totally jammed
• Satellite phone service totally jammed
• Not enough satellite eqpt suites available
• No Internet access (web, email, VOIP)
THE
PUZZLE…..
Surrounded
by the CivilMilitary
Boundary….
and
Improvisation
One Viable Comms
Solution…..
• SATCOM Internet Reachback
• 802.11 (WiFi) and 802.16 (WiMax)
• Broadband Internet, Web, Email
• Voice Over IP (basic dial-tone)
• Skype (free internet phone)
• Groove (collaboration solution)
Tie-in to Earlier HFN
Definition…..
• Skills to Learn:
–
–
–
–
Interagency / coalition ops (civ-mil boundary)
Collaborative coordination tool set
Capacity to Improvise
Leadership in a network
Employed Technologies
2 Mbps Down
512Kbps Up
Long Haul Wide Area
Network Connection
54 Mbps
The Team……
• NPS Faculty Members (2)
• NPS Students (19)
– Information Warfare, Information Systems and Technology, Joint
C4I Systems, Space Systems Operations, Space Systems
Engineering
– Multi-service, Multi-designator
• Others:
– Naval Reservists (5)
• Naval Security Group Reserve
– OSD NII Observer
• Active Duty Commander, USN
– Corporate Partners
• Cisco, Microsoft, Redline, Tachyon, Mercury Data Systems,
Rajant Corp.
Accomplishments
• Created and extended full scale, timely, and self
contained wide area network in an austere
environment – expanded from Tsunami work
• First comms capability for *many*
• Learned about civ-mil boundary issues CONUS
vs International from Tsunami work
• Valuable student real world application of
technology (learned by doing – live lab work)
Benefits / Observations
• NPS:
–
–
–
–
TCP/IP glue that binds
Practical value for students and faculty
Enhanced research opportunities and theses insights
New connections for collaboration (like with NCOIC)
• Navy:
–
–
–
–
Network Capability is a first responder necessity
Time Matters
Learned about adaptability in austere environments (improvisation)
Reconfirmed applicability of wireless to disaster relief (ship/shore comms)
• Joint:
–
–
–
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JTF Operations - collaborative environment using Internet technologies
Comms interoperability one of biggest HA/DR issues
Social/Political/Economic (soft science) as challenging as technical
Civil/Military Boundary is a key with much work to be done
Lessons Learned
•
•
•
•
Effect of No Common Situational Awareness
VoIP Was HUGE Benefit
Physical Access Was a Challenge
PTT Radio Interoperability a Growing
Concern
• Creature Comforts – You’re on Your Own
• Pre-Positioning Assets and Contracts
– Can’t Negotiate in the Chaos !
• Force Protection
• Active Military vs Nat’l Guard (or both)?
• Providing Internet Access to the Public
Current NPS Research
• PTT Radio Interoperability
• More International HA/DR Issues
• Hastily Formed Networks that Enable…..
– Noncombatant Evacuation Ops (NEO) Tracking
Systems
– Patient / Victim Tracking Systems
– Ship-to-Shore Wireless for HA/DR and Hospital Ships
•
•
•
•
Airline Luggage Capable Flyaway Kits
Smaller Form Factor VSAT
NCOIC CHD Case Study
Strong Angel III (Aug 20-26 San Diego)
Conclusion and Challenges…..
•
•
•
•
•
•
“We” must do better !
Who are “We” ?
How do “We” proceed ?
Are We ready for the next hurricane season,
international disaster, Japan’s “big one”, Global Avian
Flu Pandemic, etc ?
Need scalable, robust, interoperable comms !!
Int’l Community, Private Sector, DoD all have roles !!
Brian Steckler, Associate Chair for Special Programs,
Naval Postgraduate School
[email protected] – 831.402.1584
http://www.nps.navy.mil/disasterrelief
Bottom Line:
No Way To Run A Railroad !!