Networks and the Internet
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Transcript Networks and the Internet
DIYTP 2009
NETWORKS AND THE INTERNET
Network Basics
How do computers communicate?
Network Interface Card (NIC)
Media Access Control Address (MAC)
Unique to each NIC
Example: 08:00:69:02:01:FC
Internet Protocol Address (IP)
Identifier for a device on a network
Domain Name Service (DNS)
Translates Uniform Resource Locator (URL) to
specific IP address
Network Basics – How the
Internet Works
Warriors of the Net
Network Basics – Devices
Hub
Simplest and ‘dumbest’. Sends packets to all
connections.
Switch
An ‘intelligent’ hub. Only sends packets to the
port where it is supposed to go.
Router
Most sophisticated. Can be controlled in how it
relays packets.
Network Basics - Protocols
Protocol
Agreed upon method of communication.
Many types that computers and networks use:
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP)
Connection-oriented
Used for data that needs to get there
Network Basics - Protocols
Figure 1.0 – TCP/IP 3-way handshake
Network Basics – Protocols
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Connection-less
Used when some data can be lost
Figure 1.1 – TCP vs. UDP
Network Basics – OSI Model
Figure 1.3 – OSI model
Network Basics - Utilities
IPConfig
Information about your Windows-based
connection
Ping
Sends test packet to see if another machine is
reachable
Tracert
‘Ping’ + route and time to get to destination