Transcript Chapter 2

CHAPTER TWO
INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY - IT
Authors: Dr. Ahmad Dalala Mohammad AlZou'bi Ahmad Abusalama Khaled Dijani
Prepared by: Mahmoud Al-Sakhnini
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IN THIS CHAPTER
Computer Performance
 Workgroup Computing
 Internet, Intranet and Extranet
 Broadband Vs Dial-up
 The Use Of IT in Everyday Life
 Tele-working
 Information Security
 Copyrights and the Low

Dr.Ahmad Dalala Mohammad AlZou'bi
Ahmad Abusalama Khaled Dijani Prepared
by: Mahmoud Al-Sakhnini
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1.COMPUTER PERFORMANCE
Factors that affect the performance of the Processor or (CPU):
CPU clock speed
RAM size
Hard disk speed
Hard disk storage
Hard disk space (free space)
Multitasking
Dr.Ahmad Dalala Mohammad AlZou'bi
Ahmad Abusalama Khaled Dijani Prepared
by: Mahmoud Al-Sakhnini
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1) CPU clock speed:
Clock speed means how many instructions the processor can
execute in one second.
 It is measured in megahertz or gigahertz.
 One megahertz equals to one million cycles per second,
 One gigahertz equals one billion cycles per second.
 if you have a higher clock speed, your computer will work more
faster.
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2) RAM size
if you use more of RAM size , system speed will drop down.
3) Hard disk speed
Disk access time, is measured in milliseconds.
if this access time is smaller, then the hard disk will store, or retrieve
data more faster.
4) Hard disk storage
The disk storage capacity is measured in Gigabytes.
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5) Hard disk space (free space)
More hard disk space, the computer will be more faster.
6) Multitasking
- Means run more than one program at a time.
- The more programs that are running at the same time, the system
will be more slower.
Examples:
a) Playing racing games such as Need for Speed.
b) Editing a large high definition video for instance can take up a lot of
CPU time.
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2. WORKGROUP COMPUTING
Workgroup: groups of people working together so they can share their
resources with each other.
People within the workgroup can:
- Share information on their hard disks.
- Sharing printers, modems and scanners.
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2. WORKGROUP COMPUTING C
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Workgroup can consist of:
- a few computers at a single location connected physically to each
other via a network cable.
OR
- it may be a workgroup of computers connected globally via the
Internet.
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2. WORKGROUP COMPUTING C
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Advantages of workgroup computing:
1. There is no reliance on a central computer.
2. No need for a network administrator as long as the members of the
workgroup have the authority and access right to share data with
other members.
3. Cost savings
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Disadvantages of workgroup computing:
1.
Sharing files on your PC with other people, can slow down the
running of your PC.
2.
The security of the computer network may not be that good.
3.
You may give total access to the files on your PC, which may then
be damaged or even deleted, by other members of the workgroup.
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3. Internet, Intranet and
Extranet
Internet
The Internet is a global system of interconnected
computer networks that use the standard Internet
Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users
worldwide.
Intranet
An intranet is a private computer network that uses
Internet Protocol technologies to securely share any
part of an organization's information or operational
systems within that organization.
Extranet
An extranet is a private network that uses Internet
protocols, network connectivity. An extranet can be
viewed as part of a company's intranet that is extended
to users outside the company, usually via the Internet.
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3. INTERNET, INTRANET AND
EXTRANET C .
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4. BROADBAND VS. DIAL-UP
INTERNET CONNECTION SERVICES
Type
How to
Connect
Broadband
You are permantly
connected to the internet.
Charging You will be charged by a
monthly fee.
(bill)
Speed
Dial-up
You need to dial up your
ISP, whenever you want
to connect to the internet.
You will be charged every
second that you connect
to the internet.
The speed depends on how
much you pay to your
Internet access is very
provider, but in general the
slow. Maximum Speed is
internet access is fast.
56 Kbps.
Minimum speed is 128
Kpbs.
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5. THE USE OF IT IN EVERYDAY
LIFE
Computers are more appropriate than people in some areas such
as:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Repetitive tasks.
Easily automated tasks.
Mathematical calculations.
Dangerous situations.
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5. THE USE OF IT IN EVERYDAY
LIFE
CONT.
There are some uses of large-scale computer applications in education
such as:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Student registration and timetabling.
Computer Based Training (CBT.
Using the Internet as a homework resource.
Distance learning systems (E-learning is a term used to describe
studying via the Internet).
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6. TELE-WORKING
Tele-working is a broad term which refers to people working at home
connected to the rest of the organization via a computer network.
Advantages:
1) Flexible schedules.
2) Reduced office desk space requirements.
Disadvantages:
1) Negative impact on teamwork and Lack of human contact
2) Self-discipline.
3) Possible Employee Exploitation: companies to take advantage over
the employees
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7. INFORMATION SECURITY
Information security is a general term which covers all aspects of
computer security. It covers:
1.
2.
3.
Protection against viruses and hackers.
Password and access control policies.
Procedures for the regular backing up of data.
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Be ware of the following:
1.
2.
3.
Do not give your password to anyone.
Do not write the password on a card or at any place.
Do not forget your passwords.
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Things that should be avoided to keep your computer work
properly:
1) Dust.
2) Drinking and eating over the keyboard.
3) Heat, Cold.
4) Moisture.
5) Moving the system while it is switched on.
6) Placing objects on top of monitors.
7) Placing floppy disks near monitors.
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8. COPYRIGHTS AND THE LAW
- Most programs which you purchase are copyrighted and you
must not copy them.
FAST (Federation Against Software Theft): one of organizations
that is dedicated to preventing the illegal copying of software.
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Types of software license agreements:
1) Freeware: software that is designed to let you use the product
freely.
2) Shareware: software that is designed to let you use the product
freely for a limited period of time.
3) Open source: software license that makes the programming code
available to anyone who wishes to enhance or develop the code.
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