Transcript Unit 3 Internet Basics

Unit 3
Internet Basics
3.02 The Information Superhighway
Introduction
• In Lesson 3.01, you learned that computers are networked so that they
can share data, programs, and devices.
• A computer network may be small or it may be large; the largest network
known to us, of course, is the Internet.
• The World Wide Web is the collection of information that is available
through the use of the Internet.
Introduction
• Computers are organized and located on a network through their IP
addresses.
• Just like you have a home address where you can receive snail mail, your
computer’s IP address allows email to find you.
• When a web page is uploaded through a file server, the server computer’s
IP address becomes part of that website’s URL address.
• Because numbers are difficult to remember, most host computers apply
for a domain name for their IP address.
Introduction
• At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
– Describe networked computer functions (ACOS #1.B1)
– Identify the parts of a URL
– Apply Boolean logic to narrow Internet searches
– Distinguish between search box and address box
Lesson: Untangling the Web
• Computer Addresses
– Known as Uniform Resource Locators (URL)
– Organizes computers on the Internet
• No two computers have the same URL address
• Enables computers to be located
Lesson: Untangling the Web
– Parts of the URL
• Protocol
• Machine Address (a name for its IP number)
– Host computer, which is Web server
– They accept requests from Web browsers
• Folders
– That need to be opened
– To locate exact file being requested
– Slashes (/) represent folders
• Last part is the actual filename followed by file extension identifying the
file as an HTML file
– The basic structure of a URL is:
– protocol://server-name.domain-name/directory/filename
Lesson: Untangling the Web
• What is a Domain Name?
– Gives a name to the server computer’s IP number
– It identifies the computer that is a server
– Have to apply for a domain name
• With Internet provider
• So that no machines can have the same address
– A country code is sometimes, but not always, included
• Example: .ac.ukindicates that it’s located on an academic server in
the United Kingdom
• Many U.S. servers do not have the country code in their UR
Lesson: Untangling the Web
• Misc.
– In the URL, a tilde ~ usually indicated a personal web directory rather
than being part of the organization's official web site.
– Slashes (/) represent directories
– Generally speaking, the more directories, the more complex the site
– Domain and server names
• not always good clues about the source of information
• People can call their servers any name they wish
•
Lesson: Searching the World
Wide
Web
The Difference Between Search Box and Address Box
– There are two text boxes at the top of Web browsers; be sure to key
into the correct box
– If you know an exact URL address, key it in the Address Box
– If you do not know an exact URL address and know only a topic that
you want to search, key that search topic in the Search Box
•
Lesson: Searching the World
Wide
Web
The Difference Between Directories and Search Engines
– Directories are human-compiled
• Example: Yahoo
– Search Engines are machine-compiled and has more content than
Directories
• Example: Google
•
Lesson: Searching the World
Wide
Web
Searching
– Be as specific as possible
– Because in broad searches, you will be overwhelmed with information
– To narrow down searches
• Use operators such as + and -between your search words
• Use AND, OR, NOT between search words
– To look for exact words in order, enclose them in “ “.
•
Lesson: Searching the World
Wide
Web
Boolean Searching
– OR can be used to search for synonymous terms or concepts.
– AND will retrieve records in which BOTH of the search terms are
present
– NOT excludes records from your search results
•
Lesson: Searching the World
Wide
Web
Now let’s see if you can identify the parts of a
– URL,
– a Web site,
– and an e-mail message.
• Go to Wisc-Online: Internet Components.
– Enter your first and last name
– Complete Internet Components Skills Check 3
» Take a screenshot once you complete it
» Save to your F Drive in your Unit 3 Folder as
» 3.02 Skills Check 3
Lesson: Boolean Logic
• Much Internet database searching is based on the principles of Boolean
logic.
– Boolean logic refers to the relationship among search words, and is
named for the British-born Irish mathematician George Boole. It is a
way of revising your searches so that you will not be overwhelmed
with information.
– A Boolean search consists of three logical operators:
• OR
• AND
• NOT
Lesson: Boolean Logic
• Learn more about narrowing your Internet searches,
– Go to:
• Internet Tutorials: Boolean Searching on the Internet.
• Scroll down to the bottom of the page
– Take a screenshot of
» Quick Comparison Chart:
Full Boolean vs. Implied Boolean vs. Search Form
» Save to your F Drive in your Unit 3 Folder as
» 3.02 Boolean QC Chart
Lesson: Side Trip
• You learned in Unit 1 that the “Brain” of your computer is the Central
Processing Unit, and you have just completed the Computer Networking
section.
Lesson: Side Trip
• Have you ever thought about “how you think”?
Lesson: Side Trip
• The Internet is a network of hyperlinked documents and your brain is a
network of thoughts and ideas.
Lesson: Side Trip
• Have you ever thought about something and that led you to think about
something else — and that process continues until you end up thinking
about something not at all related to your original thought?
Lesson: Side Trip
• Well, that is how our brain works—it is a network of 100 billion nerve cells
called neurons that act much like the electrical signals in your computer.
Thoughts are networked together.
Lesson: Side Trip
•
•
That is why your teachers have you study concept maps.
– A concept map is a special form of a web diagram for exploring knowledge
and gathering and sharing information.
• A concept map consists of nodes or cells that contain a concept, item or
question and links (like hyperlinks).
• The links are often labeled and they explain the relationship between the
nodes.
How much do you know about your brain?
– Take the How Stuff Works Brain Quiz and find out.
• Take a screenshot at the end of the quiz after you click on See Results
– Save to your F Drive Unit 3 Folder as
» 3.02 How Stuff Works Brain Quiz
Summary
• If you know a particular website’s URL, you can key that into the address
box.
• If you do not know the URL address, then conduct an Internet search using
the search box.
• When searching on the Internet, use techniques, such as the Boolean
operators OR, AND, NOT, to narrow your searches so that you will not be
overwhelmed with “hits”.
Task
• Conduct an Internet search of Tim Berners Lee.
– How many results did you find?
– Now, revise your search and in the search box beside Tim Berners Lee,
add the following NOT boolean operators:
• NOT invented
• NOT Web
• NOT hyperlinks.
– Your search should read as follows:
» Tim Berners Lee NOT invented NOT Web NOT hyperlinks
– How many search results are reported now?
– Explain in your own words how a computer network is like your brain
(Hint: Slide 18 & 20).
Task 1 Continued
• Answer the 2 questions below as well.
– How are computers located on a network?
– You are interested in radiation but not nuclear radiation. Using
Boolean Logic, how would you enter that into the search box?
• Type out the questions and your answers to all 5 questions in
complete sentences using proper English.
– Save to your F Drive in your Unit 3 Folder as
» 3.02 Searching the Web Dropbox.
Are you finished?
•
You should have
7
things saved on your F Drive in your Unit 3
Folder.
– 3.01 Network Tutorial
– 3.01 How Networks Work
– 3.01 History and Internet Dropbox
– 3.02 Skills Check 3
– 3.02 Boolean QC Chart
– 3.02 How Stuff Works Brain Quiz
– 3.02 Searching the Web Dropbox.
• So, are you finished?