Transcript Chapter 2 The Internet and Multimedia

Chapter 2
The Internet-The Great
Information Superhighway
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How the Internet Developed
The Internet developed from a research
project started by the U.S. Defense
Department in 1958.
ARPA-Advanced Research Projects
Agency created after Sputnik
RAND corporation suggested
decentralized computer network was a
way for govt and military leaders to
communicate in nuclear war scenario.
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Internet is Born
ARPANET-first designed for military
Researchers began to use in colleges
Protocols-set of rules for network
operation
TCP/IP-became the protocol of Internet
Soon ARPANET expanded to the
Internet
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Modern Internet
Three inventions that spread the use of
the Internet were:
The personal computer (early 1980s)
The World Wide Web (1989)
Uses Hypertext to link information (word association)
Made up of websites on the Internet
The browser (1991)
Allows users to locate and display information
Mosaic was the first
Followed by Explorer, Netscape, Firefox etc.
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Connecting to the Internet
In order to connect to the Internet you
must have:
A modem or router: allows your computer to
send and receive signals though telephone
lines, cable tv or satellite
An Internet service provider (ISP): required
for all home connections AOL, COMCAST,
BELL SOUTH ETC
Browser software: might need plug-in
programs to retrieve some types of media
applications
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Plug-ins and Streaming
Retrieving information
Plug-ins-Hardware or software that adds a
feature to your computer
Adobe Reader, Shockwave, Flash,
Quicktime
Streaming Media-technique for
transferring audio and video files to play
as soon as they reach the PC
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Navigating the Web
In order to work with multimedia on
the Internet, you must understand:
The browser screen and its standard
elements
URL addresses and the information they
contain (Uniform Resource Locator)
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Standard Browser Elements
Additional links
Navigation buttons
Sidebar
Menu bar
Main display area
Web address or URL
Hyperlinks
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Navigating the Web
Domain Name is the name of the
website
Extension tells you the type of domain
that the website is…
.com-commercial; .gov-government; .edueducational; .mil-military; .org-nonprofit;
etc
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URL Elements
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Searching the Web
Use search engines to
find the right Web page:
Create search queries
that include keywords.
Use Boolean search
strategies to narrow
your search.
Use the right search
engine to conduct faster,
more efficient searches.
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Search Engines
Basically large data bases-match keywords
to websites
Examples-AltaVista, Dogpile, Excite, Google,
Yahoo
Adding words to your search query will help
refine the search.
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Boolean Search
Uses formulas with operators to tell the
search engine how to search
Generally these type of searches are more
precise
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Boolean operators
AND-includes both words you list
OR-includes either of two keywords
NOT-excludes keyword
NEAR-finds pages where keyword before the
operator appears near the keyword after the
operator
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Boolean Symbols
Quotation marks-search for exact phrase
enclosed within
Parentheses-Group keywords or operators to
control the order the engine uses them
Asterisk-Represents a sequence of unknown
characters in a keyword gradua* will find:
gradual, graduation, graduating, graduate
etc.
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Communicating on the Internet
There are several ways to communicate on
the Internet:
E-mail: Sent to a specific e-mail address. Can have
attachments. NOT PRIVATE!
File transfer protocol (FTP): Often used to transfer
large files from one computer to another.
Chat rooms: “Virtual” rooms where you can
exchange typed messages with others who are in
the room.
Instant messaging: Allows you to communicate in
real time with one person.
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Netiquette
Guidelines generally accepted and
followed:
Don’t violate privacy or confidentiality
Don’t use all caps; flame or spam.
Don’t send large files (especially at work)
Don’t send information that is private or
should be private. The Internet is NOT a
private place.