Transcript presentation source

Internet Literacy
The Internet
• Created by DARPA , 1969
• Packet switching technology
• Uses Internet Protocol
Internet Services
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E-mail
Listserv
USENET Newsgroups
Chatting
FTP
Telnet
Gopher
World Wide Web
Internet Services
• Client-Server computing
• Domains and Sub-domains
– www.bridgewater.edu
– hostname.subdomain.top-level-domain
– 147.138.10.40 is a computer at BC
Changing The World
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Mergers and Alliances
Telecommuting
Business, Advertising, and Online Shopping
Government, Politics and Defense
Electronic Publishing
Teaching and Learning
Interconnected Scholarship
Connecting
1. Internet Service Provider
2. Communications medium
3. Software using IP
Internet Service Providers
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American Online
AT&T Worldnet
CompuServe
Microsoft Network
Prodigy Internet
Regional providers
Educational institutions
Transport Medium
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POTS
ETHERNET
Token Ring
ISDN
Cable modems
Software
• TCP/IP connections
– PPP Point-to-Point Protocol
– Broadband
– ISDN
Netiquette
• Rules and conventions to govern behavior on
the Net
• RFC 1855 - “Responsible Use of the Network”
• “Bill of Rights”
• “Ten Commandments of Internet Use”
Ten Commandments
– The Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics
• by the Computer Ethics Institute
• Thou shalt not use a computer to harm other people.
• Thou shalt not interfere with other people's computer work.
• Thou shalt not snoop around in other people's computer files.
• Thou shalt not use a computer to steal.
• Thou shalt not use a computer to bear false witness.
Ten Commandments
• Thou shalt not copy or use proprietary software for which you
have not paid.
• Thou shalt not use other people's computer resources without
authorization or proper compensation.
• Thou shalt not appropriate other people's intellectual output.
• Thou shalt think about the social consequences of the program
you are writing or the system you are designing.
• Thou shalt always use a computer in ways that insure
consideration and respect for your fellow humans.
Unethical Uses
• SPAM
• Lurking
• Flames
– Firefighters
• Shouting
Good Things to Know
• Smileys and Emoticons
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• Three Letter Acronyms (TLAs)
– imo = in my opinion
– ttfn = ta-ta for now
• Jargon
– FAQ, beta, snail mail
– see table 5-1, pg 65
LISTSERV
• Send e-mail to a distribution list
• List includes those who want to discuss a topic
• You subscribe to a list
– Any e-mail sent to list comes to you
– If you send e-mail, it goes to all on list
• LISTSERV Search tools, table 7-2, pg 89
• Receive listserv e-mails just like any other
LISTSERV
• Respond to a listserv e-mail
• Send a new msg to listserv to start discussion
• Any listserv has two address
– listserv for commands, list for msgs
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Pause delivery if necessary
Find out who else is on the address list
Un-subscribe when you want
Listserv commands - table 7-4, pg 94
Creating Web Pages
1. HTML Editor
2. WYSIWYG Editor
3. Converter
HTML Editors
• Written using Hypertext Markup Language
• Consists of text and special TAGS
– Tags direct how text will appear
• Type document directly
• Lots of control, but technical and tedious
– WebEdit
– HotMetal
WYSIWYG Editors
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What You See Is What You Get
Type text onto page as you want to appear
Editor translates into HTML
Less technical, but less control
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Netscape Composer
Microsoft Frontpage
Adobe PageMill
Claris Home Page
HTML Converters
• Turn existing document into HTML
• “Save as HTML”
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WordPerfect Internet Publisher
Internet Assistant for MS Word
Internet Assistant for MS Excel
Internet Assistant for MS Access
Internet Assistant for MS PowerPoint
Active Tools
• “Bring Web pages to life”
• Animated GIFs
– multiple images that loop
– GIF Construction Site from Interlit
• JAVA
– object-oriented programming language
– from SUN
– machine independent
Active Tools
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JAVA applets
JavaScript
ActiveX
Shockwave
Internet File Types
• Text
– plain text = .txt
– hypertext = .htm
– word processors = .doc or .wpd
• Images
– Graphics Interchange Format = .gif
– Joint Photographic Experts Group = .jpg
– Portable Network Graphics = .png
Internet File Types
• Waveform Audio
– waveform = .wav
– .au and .snd
– audio streaming = .ra and .ram
• MIDI Synthesizer format = .mid
– Musical Instrument Digital Interface
Internet File Types
• Video Formats
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MS Video for Windows = .avi
Apple Quicktime = .mov and .qt
Motion Picture Experts Group = .mpg
Video Stream = .rm
• Portable Document Format = .pdf
• Virtual Reality Format = .vrml
Citing Internet Resources
• APA - American Psychological Association
• MLA - Modern Language Association
• CMS - Chicago Manual of Style
– in-text citations, not footnotes
– several examples at InterLit site
Individual Works found on Net
• APA
– Pritzker, T.J. (No date). An early fragment from central Nepal [Online]. Available:
http://www.ingress.com/~astanart/pritzker/pritxke.html [1995, June 8].
• MLA
– Pritzker, Thomas J. An early fragment from central Nepal. N.D. Online. Ingress
Communications. Available: http://www.ingress.com/~astanart/pritzker/pritxke.html.
June 1995.
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– Pritzker, T.J., An early fragment from central Nepal. Available from
http://www.ingress.com/~astanart/pritzker/pritxke.html [cited 8 June 1995].
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Journal Articles
• APA
– Inada, K. (1995). A Buddhist response to the nature of human rights. Journal of
Buddhist Ethics [Online], 2, 9 paragraphs. Available:
http://www.cac.psu.edu/jbe/twocont.html [1995, June 21].
• MLA
– Inada, Kenneth. “A Buddhist Response to the Nature of Human Rights.” Journal of
Buddhist Ethics 2 (1995): 9 pars. Online.. Available:
http://www.cac.psu.edu/jbe/twocont.html. 21 June 1995.
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– Inada, K., “A Buddhist Response to the Nature of Human Rights,” Journal of Buddhist
Ethics [journal online], vol. 2, 9 paragraphs. Available from
http://www.cac.psu.edu/jbe/twocont.html [cited 21 June 1995].
Fair Use Guidelines
• Consortium of College and University Media Centers
– 1000 words of text
– not more than 5 images
– not more than 30 seconds of music
– mot more than 3 minutes of video
– 2500 fields or cells from a database
• This applies to students only!
Societal Issues
• Equity and Universal Access
– Net Day
– Technological underclass?
• Privacy
– Sniffing
– Cookies
– Certification
Societal Issues
• Stalking
• Security
– Passwords
– Encryption
– Firewalls
Emerging Technologies
• Changing the Infrastructure
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HTTP 1.1
Multicast Backbone
Internet II
Wireless Communications
• Real-time Communications
– Internet Telephone Services
Emerging Technologies
• Artificial Intelligence
– Voice Recognition
– Image Recognition
– Knowbots
• Digital TV
– HDTV
– MPEG Digital Video
– WebTV
Emerging Technologies
• Push Technologies
– Pointcasting
How To Keep Up
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Listservs
Catalogs
Periodicals and Web Sites
Books