Transcript TCP Planet: A New Reliable Transport Protocol for Deep Space

SUMMARY COMMENTS ON
SENSOR NETWORKS
Ian F. Akyildiz
Broadband & Wireless Networking Laboratory
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Georgia Institute of Technology
Tel: 404-894-5141; Fax: 404-894-7883
Email: [email protected]
Web: http://www.ece.gatech.edu/research/labs/bwn
Protocol Stack
• Follow the TCP/IP Stack, i.e., keep the
Strict Layer Approach ???
• Or Interleave the Layer functionalities???
• Cross Layer Optimization
• Cross Protocol Optimization
• Standardization???
NeXtworking’03
June 23-25,2003, Chania, Crete, Greece
The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING
Akyildiz
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APPLICATON LAYER NEEDS
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Sensor Network Management Protocol
Task Assignment and Data Advertisement
Protocol
Sensor Query and Data Dissemination
Protocol
Sophisticated GUI
(Graphical User Interface) Tool
NeXtworking’03
June 23-25,2003, Chania, Crete, Greece
The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING
Akyildiz
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TRANSPORT LAYER NEEDS
 What is RELIABILITY? (New Perspectives)
 Explore new Reliability Metrics
– Total expected mean square distortion
– Minimum mean squared error estimation
 Develop unified transport layer protocols
for sink-to-sensors and bi-directional
reliable transport schemes
NeXtworking’03
June 23-25,2003, Chania, Crete, Greece
The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING
Akyildiz
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NETWORK LAYER NEEDS
Desired Features for Routing Algorithms
 Periodic update of routes not needed
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Adaptive to failures
Cope with topology changes
No need for routing tables
Easy incorporation of new sensor nodes
Routes based on QoS requirements
One-to-one, many-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many
communications
NeXtworking’03
June 23-25,2003, Chania, Crete, Greece
The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING
Akyildiz
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NETWORK LAYER NEEDS
• New Addressing Mechanisms
• Store and Forward Technique
that combines data fusion and aggregation.
• Routing for Mobile Sensors
Investigate multi-hop routing techniques for
high mobility environments.
• Priority Routing
Design routing techniques that allow different priority of
data to be aggregated, fused, and relayed.
NeXtworking’03
June 23-25,2003, Chania, Crete, Greece
The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING
• 3D Routing
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MEDIUM ACCESS CONTROL
(MAC) NEEDS
 MAC for sensor networks must have inbuilt
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power management, mobility management
and failure recovery strategies
Need for a self-configurable, distributed protocols
Data centric approach rather than per-node fairness
The sensor network performance can be further
increased by combining collaborative medium access
with parallel routing and source coding approach
Develop MACs which differentiate Multimedia Traffic
 Exploit Spatial Correlation
NeXtworking’03
June 23-25,2003, Chania, Crete, Greece
The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING
Akyildiz
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ERROR CONTROL
NEEDS
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Design of suitable FEC codes with minimal encoding
and relatively higher decoding complexities
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Feasibility of ARQ schemes in multihop sensor networks (hop by
hop ARQ instead of end-to-end). This is needed for reliable
communications (data critical)
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Adaptive/Hybrid FEC/ARQ schemes
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Extension to Rayleigh/Rician fading conditions with mobile nodes
NeXtworking’03
June 23-25,2003, Chania, Crete, Greece
The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING
Akyildiz
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PHYSICAL LAYER
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New Channel Models (I/O/Underwater/Deep Space)
Explore Antennae Techniques
(e.g., Smart Antennaes)
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Software Radios??
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New Modulation Schemes
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SYNCH Schemes
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FEC Schemes on the Bit Level
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New Data Encryption
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Investigate UWB
NeXtworking’03
June 23-25,2003, Chania, Crete, Greece
The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING
Akyildiz
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LOCALIZATION
NEEDS
Explore Non Fixed Base-Station based Techniques:
Enable location of sensor nodes without the need for
location beacons
NeXtworking’03
June 23-25,2003, Chania, Crete, Greece
The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING
Akyildiz
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SYNCHRONIZATION
NEEDS
• Develop New Synchronization Protocols which
* Maintain the time throughout the network within a
certain tolerance.
* Control the network time tolerance with system
parameters.
* Enable a sink to detect time difference of events.
* Allow a sink to issue a start time to sensor nodes that
are in different part of the sensor field.
NeXtworking’03
June 23-25,2003, Chania, Crete, Greece
The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING
Akyildiz
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SYNCHRONIZATION
NEEDS
• Self Organizing Hierarchy:
Enable nodes that have stable clocks to become master
nodes or time servers throughout the lifetime of the network.
The clocks fluctuate, so master nodes may become slave
nodes causing hierarchy modification all the time.
• Nano-Second Precision with Micro-Second Budget:
Enable events to be time-stamped in nano-second variations
with microsecond budget devices.
• Fully Distributed vs. Centralized:
Investigate the cost of fully distributed and centralized timing
techniques providing theoretical guidelines for different types
of sensor network deployment.
NeXtworking’03
June 23-25,2003, Chania, Crete, Greece
The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING
Akyildiz
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DEMOS
Applications
• Clear Demonstration of Testbeds and Realistic
Applications
• Not only data or audio but also video
as well as integrated traffic.
NeXtworking’03
June 23-25,2003, Chania, Crete, Greece
The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING
Akyildiz
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Basic Research Needs
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An Analytical Framework for Sensor Networks
 Find a Basic Generic Architecture and Protocol
Development which can be tailored to specific
applications.
• More theoretical investigations of the
Architecture and Protocol
developments
• Network Configuration and Planning Schemes
NeXtworking’03
June 23-25,2003, Chania, Crete, Greece
The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING
•
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FURTHER ISSUES
 Research to integrate WSN domain into NGWI
(Next Generation Wireless Internet)
e.g., interactions of Sensor and AdHoc Networks or
Sensor and Satellite or any other combinations…
 Explore the SENSOR/ACTOR NETWORKS
 Explore the SENSOR-ANTISENSOR NETWORKS
 SECURITY ISSUES
NeXtworking’03
June 23-25,2003, Chania, Crete, Greece
The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING
Akyildiz
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ANSWER TO QUESTIONS
 Simply Another Form of CDNs?
NO!!!!
 Are they too futuristic?
NO!!!!
 Why would we need for less than a “REALITY” WEB?
????????
 Do we need help from Database/Vision.. Communities?
YES ;-)
NeXtworking’03
June 23-25,2003, Chania, Crete, Greece
The First COST-IST(EU)-NSF(USA) Workshop on EXCHANGES & TRENDS IN NETWORKING
Akyildiz
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