Transcript Green by ICT

ICT Infrastructures
and Climate Change
Chaesub Lee
Chairman of ITU-T SG 13
(ETRI, Korea)
ICTs and Climate Change
• ICTs are part of using Energy (generation
and consumption) impact to Climate
Change 2~2.5 %
• ICTs impact on using Energy (Delivery &
consumption control)  The use of ICT is
predicted to reduce total global GHG’s
by 15% by 2020 ...and grow to 40%
by 2050
Source: GeSi & EC. Europa
Important to build “Green ICT”
Green of ICT
ICT is part of the
problem
Green by ICT
ICT is a necessary
part of the solution
Green of ICT vs Green by ICT
o ‘Green of ICT’ influences only
Green of ICT (2%)
845 million TCO2
reduction effect
Green by ICT (98%)
4.89 billion TCO2
reduction effect
Global CO2
Emissions
Source : Gartner 2007
2% of global CO2 emission,
while ‘Green by ICT’ covers the
other 98%
o ‘Green of ICT’ can reduce 845
million TCO2 worldwide, while
‘Green by ICT’ can lead to
4.89billion TCO2 reduction
globally
o ’Green by ICT’ is approximately
5 times more effective than
‘Green of ICT’ in terms of CO2
reduction
ICTs in terms of CC impacts
* Ref: ITU-T FG on ICT&CC Deliverable 3 “Methodology”
Energy consumption trends of Network (ref. Internet)
 Internet traffic is increasing exponentially
 New network services: Tele-working, High Definition Video etc
 Network power consumption will increase by 13 times (from 2006→2025),
although ICT average will increase by 5 times
Energy saving in Network should be a important issue
* Ref: FGFN-C25 “Energy Saving Network Technologies”, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009
Examples of energy saving points in Network Operation
Energy saving by GPON
Energy consumption of one router:
7.1 kW x 24 hours x 365 days =
62,600kWh
GPON Energy and Cost efficiency
Energy MWh/Y Cost M€/Y (100k subs)
Energy saving points of Router
1400
1200
80 % Energy
& Cost savings
By replacing
ADSL2+
With PON *)
1000
800
600
400
200
0
ADSL2+
Energy Consumption (MWh/y)
PON FTTH
Cost (k€/Y)
*) Costs for air conditioning are not considered
* Ref: ITU-T FG on ICT&CC Deliverable 4 “Direct and
Indirect Impact of ITU-T Standards”
* Ref: FGFN-C25 “Energy Saving Network
Technologies”, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009
Potential contribution of NGN(1/3)
o Unified network architecture
• Network convergence involves a migration
from multiple separate networks to a
unique IP based network and requires a
centralization of applications and services
control
• the evolution to a unified network could
allow telecom operators to share network
equipment and management functions
Potential contribution of NGN(2/3)
o advantages of centralization of NGN
• Dissemination of smart terminals that are less energy and
material intensive.
• Reducing manufacturing complexity and electronic waste:
cables, installation space, etc
• Offering the possibility to share central, powerful, up-todate computing resources in data centres
• Reducing the energy consumption of server farms.
• Increasing efficiency (eco-efficiency) by requiring fewer
premises
• An NGN architecture can greatly reduces the number of
centres required
• An NGN architecture can eliminate the need for a close
geographic link between the switching and data centre and
users
Potential contribution of NGN(3/3)
o Making use of Multiple Power Modes in NGNs
related technology
•
•
•
•
Full Power Mode
Low Power Mode
Stand by
Hibernation
o Elements in NGNs architecture where power consumption
could be measured include
• Transmission systems
• Switching centres
• Data centres
Key Features of Horizontal Network configuration
* Ref: FGFN-C25 “Energy Saving Network Technologies”, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009
Example from BT: NGN impact overall network operation
N
G
N
30 ~ 40%
Reduction of Sites
•
•
•
•
•
•
Resulting by
More Broad bandwidth
Extend Reachability
Support Convergence
Service vs. Transport
Integrated Management
Others
Energy considerations aspects of Network
 Planning aspects: for example “Over-provisioning” vs. “Plannedprovisioning” and others
 Operation aspects: for example “Always on” vs. “Stand by” and “Best
effort” vs. “Managed” and others
 Service aspects: Single media vs. Multimedia, Single service vs. Binding
between services or Convergence between different service environments
 System aspects: Data storages, OAM&P systems, Router, Switch,
Transmission systems, Duct operation, Emergency Power Feeding and
others
 Office operation aspects: Number of Offices and people within offices,
Office operation related systems (e.g. lights, ventilation, cooling, Heating
and others)
 Others
 Requirements (Operation, Planning and Functions)
 Capabilities for services and OAM&P (including QoS,
Security and Mobility etc.)
 Functions and features allocation into functions
impact
 Protocols (for example to support “Stand by” mode)
 System design and specification including power
feeding conditions
 others
Example of candidate trials: ECO Networking Technology
 ECO Routing
 Aggregate traffic into energysaving path
 Implement sleep mode for routers
where possible
 ECO Switching
 Forward packets on timeslot basis
with time scheduling
 Buffer-less forwarding without
packet loss
 No routing table necessary
* ECO: Energy Cost saving Overlay
* Ref: FGFN-C25 “Energy Saving Network Technologies”,
Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009
Conclusion
Expansion roles of ICTs
 ICTs had mainly involved in limited industries such as Telecom,
computing etc.
 But ICTs are now becoming essential parts of life
 Furthermore ICTs is being important parts of social, national and
international infrastructures
Roles of ICTs in Protecting Environments
 ICTs are rather environment friend than other industrial technologies
but also have contribution to environment change
 ICTs are being widely used whole processes of protecting environment
 Several ICTs technologies are used at the field of environment
Position of NGN in Protecting Environments
 NGN is a common infrastructure for enabling ICTs and other industries
using ICTs
 NGN provides benefits to mitigate GHG by itself including support
various capabilities for protection of environments