Transcript Chapter 23 - Questions

Active Lecture Questions
CHAPTER
23
The
Digestive
System
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
The esophagus is a part of the ______,
while the pancreas is considered a(n)
_______ when it comes to the digestive
system.
a. alimentary canal; accessory digestive
organ
b. stomach; propulsion organ
c. accessory organs; alimentary canal
component
d. pharynx; mechanical digestive organ
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The majority of absorption occurs in the
________.
a. stomach
b. small intestine
c. large intestine
d. mouth
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The majority of _________ occurs in the
mouth, stomach, and small intestine.
a. ingestion
b. chemical digestion
c. mechanical digestion
d. absorption
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Stimuli that regulate gastrointestinal tract
activity are generated by _________.
a. the CNS
b. chemoreceptors in the gut
c. the enteric nerve plexus
d. all of the above
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Choose the answer that lists the four layers
of the wall of the alimentary canal in the
appropriate order from innermost to
outermost.
a. Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa,
and serosa
b. Submucosa, mucosa, serosa, muscularis
externa
c. Serosa, mucosa, muscularis externa,
submucosa
d. Muscularis externa, submucosa, serosa,
mucosa
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Which of the following types of epithelial
tissues is most predominant throughout the
digestive tract?
a. Simple squamous
b. Stratified squamous
c. Simple columnar
d. Simple cuboidal
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The _________ are double layers of
peritoneum that extend from the body wall
to the digestive viscera and help anchor
them in place.
a. omenta
b. mesenteries
c. serosal layers
d. mucosal layers
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In general, parasympathetic inputs to the
gut are _________, while sympathetic inputs
are _________.
a. stimulatory; inhibitory
b. rapid; long lasting
c. inhibitory; stimulatory
d. hormonal; neural
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Chemical digestion is initiated in the
_________.
a. mouth
b. stomach
c. small intestine
d. large intestine
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Why does your mouth suddenly “go dry”
when you are about to deliver a
presentation to a large crowd?
a. Parasympathetic activity stimulates
salivation.
b. Parasympathetic activity inhibits salivation.
c. Sympathetic activity stimulates salivation.
d. Sympathetic activity inhibits salivation.
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Frequently, criminal investigators will
predict the age of a victim at the time of
death. If this individual was under 18 years
of age, how is it possible to closely estimate
his/her age using dental evidence alone?
a. The size of the teeth is directly correlated to the
age of the victim.
b. Teeth erupt at predictable ages in a predictable
pattern.
c. The thickness of the enamel indicates age.
d. There are four sets of teeth, each coinciding with
a different developmental age.
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Most teeth are primarily composed of
_________.
a. enamel
b. pulp
c. dentin
d. cementum
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What is a possible side effect of weakening
of the cardiac sphincter?
a. Acid reflux into the esophagus
b. Uncontrollable bowel movements
c. Heart attack
d. Rapid overfilling of the stomach
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_________ involves over 22 muscle groups
and includes the buccal phase and the
pharyngeal-esophageal phase.
a. Mastication
b. Bolus formation
c. Deglutition
d. Peristalsis
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The stomach is able to expand nearly 100
times its empty volume partly due to
_________ in its walls.
a. microvilli
b. rugae
c. plicae circulares
d. haustra
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A patient with a low RBC count receives
vitamin B12 injections every 2 weeks. Why?
a. This patient is training for a triathlon.
b. This patient is anemic and has low iron.
c. Parietal cells in this patient’s stomach
have ceased producing intrinsic factor.
d. This patient’s parietal cells have stopped
secreting HCl.
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Why is pepsin inactive when tested at pH 7?
a. Pepsin’s activity is specific to the
stomach’s pH of 1.5–3.5.
b. A pH above 3 will denature all proteins.
c. Pepsin only works in the blood.
d. Proteins in the stomach change its pH.
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Digestion of which of the following might be
inhibited if a patient chronically consumes
an antacid?
a. Lipid
b. Carbohydrate
c. Sugar
d. Protein
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When your stomach growls in response to
an ad on TV for food, the _________ phase
of gastric secretion is initiated.
a. cephalic
b. gastric
c. intestinal
d. gastrin
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Meals high in protein ______ gastrin
secretion from the gastric glands.
a. increase
b. decrease
c. have no affect upon
d. delay
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The ______ cells are responsible for HCl
production.
a. goblet
b. mucous
c. parietal
d. chief
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The _________ in the small intestine have a
similar structure and function to the
_________ in the stomach.
a. gastric pits; intestinal glands
b. intestinal glands; gastric pits
c. goblet cells; enteroendocrine cells
d. brush border; rugae
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A meal high in fat would _________.
a. stimulate rapid gastric emptying
b. stimulate the intensity of the stomach’s
peristaltic waves
c. increase gastrin secretion
d. inhibit gastric emptying
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Why is the small intestine well adapted for
nutrient absorption?
a. Acid secretions from the stomach are
neutralized in the duodenum.
b. CCK is released from the duodenum to
promote liver and pancreatic secretion.
c. The interior of the small intestine has a
huge surface area due to the presence of
the plicae circulares, villi, and microvilli.
d. The small intestine is very long and thin.
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What is the primary stimulus for intestinal
gland secretion?
a. An alkaline content
b. An acidic content
c. Distension of the intestinal wall
d. Both b and c
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______ stimulates the gallbladder to
contract.
a. Secretin
b. CCK
c. Gastrin
d. Fatty chyme
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You would expect blood levels of ______ to
be high when the pH of stomach chyme is
at its lowest.
a. secretin
b. CCK
c. gastrin
d. H+
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Cirrhosis of the liver would most severely
impact digestion of _________.
a. carbohydrates
b. amino acids
c. proteins
d. lipids
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In terms of digestion, the large intestine’s
greatest contribution is:
a. exposing the chyme to the rich assortment
of pancreatic enzymes through the
process of segmentation.
b. absorption of all primary nutrients.
c. absorption of water.
d. regulation of gastric motility.
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The ______ is (are) the primary location for
lipid absorption.
a. lacteals
b. hepatic portal vein
c. epiploic appendages
d. brush border
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