Transcript presentation source - School of Engineering and

CPT 123 Internet Skills
Class Notes
Internet History Session
Internet History 1969
First ARPANET node established at
UCLA’s Network Measurements Center
Subsequent nodes established at
Stanford Research Institute,
University of Utah in Salt Lake City,
and UCSB (Santa Barbara)
Internet History 1969
Information Message Processor (IMP)
developed - system delivered messages
within the 4-node network
First Request For Comments (RFC) host
software submitted by Steve Crocker
Internet History 1970
ALOHAnet was developed at University
of Hawaii
Provided the background for the work
that later became Ethernet
ARPANET hosts started using Network
Control Protocol (NCP)
NCP used until 1982 when replaced with
TCP/IP
Internet History 1971
ARPANET grew to 15 nodes with 26
hosts
UCLA, SRI, UCSB, University of Utah,
BBN, MIT, RAND, SDC, Harvard,
Lincoln Lab, Stanford, UIUC, CWRU,
CMU, and NASA (Ames)
Internet History 1972
RFC 318, TELNET specification, was
published
E-mail program to operate across
networks written by Ray Tomlinson
Inter-Networking Working Group
(INWG) established - task investigate
common protocols
Internet History 1972
Public demonstration of ARPANET
Demo consisted of a “packet switch”
and a Terminal Interface Processor
(TIP)
Showed that public could use TIP to run
distributed applications across the U.S.
Internet History 1973
ARPANET went international by adding
University College of London U.K. and
Royal Radar Establishment Norway
Outline for the idea of Ethernet
published
RFC 454, File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
published
Internet History 1974
Design of TCP was given by Vinton Cerf
and Bob Kahn
Internet History 1976
Unix to Unix Copy Program (UUCP)
developed at AT&T Bell Labs
Distributed with UNIX in 1977
Internet History 1977
RFC 733 mail specification published
THEORYNET, a UUCP based e-mail
system established at the University of
Wisconsin
First demonstration of
ARPANET/Packet Radio
Internet History 1979
Computer scientists University of
Wisconsin, NSF, DARPA, and other
universities established Computer
Science network
Tom Truscott and Steve Bellovin
implemented USENET between UNC
and Duke
Internet History 1979
Internet Configuration Board created
by ARPA
Packet Radio Network (PRNET)
established
Internet History 1981
Because It’s Time NETwork (BITNET)
established
Computer Science NETwork (CSNET)
established
Internet History 1982
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and
Internet Protocol (IP) selected as
protocol suite for ARPANET
TCP/IP selected by Department of
Defense as standard
RFC 827 External Gateway Protocol
published
Internet History 1983
Name server developed at University of
Wisconsin
Gateway between CSNET and ARPANET
established
ARPANET split into ARPANET and
MILNET
UNIX machines with built-in TCP/IP
gained in popularity
Internet History 1983
Internet Activities Board (IAB)
replaced ICCB
Tom Jennings developed FidoNet
Internet History 1984
Domain Name Server (DNS) introduced
Over 1000 Internet hosts now present
Japan Unix Network operational
Internet History 1986
NSFNET created
Network News Transfer Protocol
(NNTP) created
Mail Exchanger (MX) records developed
by Craig Partridge allowed non-IP
network hosts to have domain
addresses
Internet History 1987
NSF and Merit Network, Inc. agreed to
manage the NSFNET backbone
Over 10,000 Internet hosts now
present
Internet History 1988
November 1, Internet worm affected
10% of Internet hosts
Department of Defense adopted OSI
NSFNET backbone upgraded to T1
(1.544 Mbps).
Canada, Denmark, Finland, France,
Iceland, Norway, and Sweden added to
NSFNET
Internet History 1989
Over 100,000 Internet hosts now
present
CSNET merged into BITNET to form
Corporation for Research and Education
Networking (CREN)
Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF) created
Internet Research Task Force (IRTF)
created
Internet History 1989
NSFNET added Australia, Germany,
Israel, Italy, Japan, Mexico,
Netherlands, New Zealand, Puerto Rico,
and the U.K.
Internet History 1990
NSFNET replaced ARPANET
Peter Deutsch, Alan Emtage, and Bill
Heelan at McGill released Archie
NSFNET added Argentina, Austria,
Belgium, Brazil, Chile, Greece, India,
Ireland, South Korea, Spain, and
Switzerland
Internet History 1991
Wide Area Information Servers
(WAIS) invented by Brewster Kahle
Paul Lindner and Mark McCahill from
the University of Minnesota released
Gopher
Tim Berners-Lee at CREN released
World Wide Web
Internet History 1991
NSFNET backbone upgraded to T3
(44.736 Mbps)
NSFNET traffic passed 1 trillion
bytes/month and 10 billion
packets/month
NSFNET added Croatia, Czech
Republic, Hong Kong, Hungary, Poland,
Portugal, Singapore, South Africa,
Taiwan, and Tunisia
Internet History 1992
Internet Society (ISOC) formed
Over 1,000,000 Internet hosts now
present
Veronica, a gopherspace search tool,
released by the University of Nevada
NSFNET added Cameroon, Cyprus,
Ecuador, Estonia, Kuwait, Latvia,
Luxembourg, Malaysia, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Thailand, and Venezuela
Internet History 1993
InterNIC created by NSF
U.S. National Information
Infrastructure Act passed to further
Internet development
Web proliferated at a 341,634% annual
growth rate of service traffic
Gopher’s growth rate 997%
Internet History 1993
NSFNET added Bulgaria, Costa Rica,
Egypt, Fiji, Ghana, Guam, Indonesia,
Kazakhstan, Kenya, Liechtenstein, Peru,
Romania, the Russian Federation,
Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, and the Virgin
Islands
Internet History1994
NSFNET traffic passed 10 trillion
bytes/month
NSFNET added Algeria, Armenia,
Bermuda, Burkina Faso, China, Colombia,
French Polynesia, Jamaica, Lebanon,
Lithuania, Macau, Morocco, New
Caledonia, Nicaragua, Niger, Panama,
Philippines, Senegal, Sri Lanka,
Swaziland, Uruguay, and Uzbekistan
Internet History 1995
NSFNET reverted back to a research
network
Main U.S. backbone traffic rerouted
through interconnected network
providers
Web surpassed FTP-data in March as
the service with greatest traffic on
NSFNet based packet count and in
April based on byte count
Internet History 1995
Traditional online dial-up systems began
to provide Internet access (AOL,
Compuserve, Prodigy)
Registration of domain names no longer
free
14 September, a $50 annual fee was
imposed up until then was subsidized by
NSF
Internet History 1995
NSF continued to pay for .edu
registration and on an interim basis for
.gov
Technologies of the Year: WWW,
Search engines
Emerging Technologies: Mobil code
(JAVA, JAVAscript), Virtual
environments (VRML), Collaborative
tools
Internet History 1996
Telecommunications Reform Act passed
- included provision called
Communications Decency Act [CDA]
which later was declared
unconstitutional
Blue Ribbon Campaign launched in
response to CDA
Internet hosts surpasses 9 million
Internet History 1997
Internet hosts surpasses 16 million
Communications Decency Act declared
unconstitutional in Reno vs ACLU
American Registry for Internet
Numbers [ARIN] began operation
2000th RFC “Internet Official Protocol
Standards” released
Internet History 1998
US Commerce Department releases
“Green Paper” proposal
Intended to clarify how domain name
registration system should be handled
in future
Gigabit Ethernet Alliance announced
that IEEE ratified 802.3z as the
Gigabit Ethernet standard
Internet History 1999
Melissa virus storms through the
Internet [late March]