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Creating value-added
models based
on Open Source
ETSI, @METIS Kick Off Meeting
Sophia Antipolis, March 30th, 2005
Jean-Pierre Laisné
Président
Linux & Open Source Strategy Manager, BULL
© 2005 ObjectWeb
ObjectWeb: 1st Consortium
for Open-Source Middleware
European & Global
Initiated by BULL, France Telecom and
INRIA
Supported by French Ministry of Industry,
RNTL, RNRT, ITEA
60 companies
1.600 members in 75 countries
80 projects, +3.500 contributors
800.000 download/year
Mission
To guarantee a sustainable
Open-Source alternative to
proprietary middleware
Open & Neutral
Non-profit Consortium
hosted by INRIA (cf. W3C)
Open to any organisation /individual
Elected board of Directors
Compliance with open standards (W3C,
OMG, JCP, OSGi, WfMC,…)
In sync with Open Source Communities
(Eclipse, Apache,…)
© 2005 ObjectWeb
What is
Open Source?
© 2005 ObjectWeb
Open Source is a Contract
Not Standard
High IP (Bonus to Owner)
High Costs
Restricted Dissimination
Slow Time To Market
100
Freedom to access source code
Freedom to modify code
Freedom to distribute code
Proprietary
QPL
CLOSE
BSD
Dual Licence
LGPL
GPL
0
OPEN
100
Standard
Low IP (Bonus to Pionners)
Low Costs
High Dissimination
Fast Time To Market
© 2005 ObjectWeb
Open Source is a Process
A New Way to Produce
Software
⊳ Open Source is a process, not
a product.
Copyright to liberate, not to
restrain
Collective Invention vs.
proprietary
Independence guaranteed
⊳ A process to develop
Commons
Community at large
Business & Public
⊳ Thanks to Shared R&D
Why does it succeed?
⊳ A vehicle for fast propagation of
technologies
⊳ Feedback from Users
⊳ Open implementations of
Standards are critical for
Information Society:
Interoperability, Equity
⊳ Participate to commoditization
of infrastructure
⊳ Higher control over costs,
evolution & security
⊳ Enable diverse interests to
converge
Research, Industry, Business
© 2005 ObjectWeb
Open Source is a Trend:
Software Commoditization
Commodity
a Definition (Tim O’Reilly)
Business
General Ledger
Basic building blocks for
many different purposes
Water, Ore, Sugar, Bolts, Oil, …
RAM, Microchips, …
Business
Inetlligence
Business
JOnAS
Linux
Tomcat
Business
Uniform quality standards
to which they conform
Apache
Supply Chain
Sourced by more than one
producer
Portail
Sendmail
GroupWeb
Financials
Business
© 2005 ObjectWeb
Dilemmna of Commodity Software
Manufacturing
$ Demand
$
Software
Demand
Profit
Nash eq.
Cost
Profit
Cost
1
Mkt size
Quantity
 Commodity Market
⊳ Unbiased, close to “perfect
competition”
⊳ Shrunk margins are a competitive
advantage
⊳ Nash equilibrium
1
Mkt size
Nash eq.
Quantity
 The Software Exception
⊳ Significant value (huge demand)
⊳ High cost for the first copy (entry barrier)
⊳ Marginal production cost  Zero!
⊳ Unlimited supply
 Software Commoditization
⊳ Network effects
⊳ Large market
 Radical drift to price  0
© 2005 ObjectWeb
Next Generation? Middleware
Semantic
Services
Business
Process
Software Infrastructure
 Abstract network resources
 Simplify development
of applications
 Stake for the future of
Information Society
Services & Applications
For Citizens and Business
Abstraction
Middleware
Virtualization
Ambient
Intelligence
Hardware
Network
Devices
Pervasive
2015
Critical for everyone!
Shared by everybody!
Mainframe
Network
2005
1960
Personal
Computer
1990
© 2005 ObjectWeb
ObjectWeb On the Radar!
© 2005 ObjectWeb
What Killer App
for Open Source?
© 2005 ObjectWeb
Internet Applications
Content
Valuable source of data
Proprietary
Software as a Service
Integration
Commodity Components
© 2005 ObjectWeb
e-Commerce
Content
Valuable source of data
Proprietary
Software as a Service
Integration
Commodity Components
© 2005 ObjectWeb
e-Business
Content
Valuable source of data
Proprietary
Software as a Service
Integration
Commodity Components
© 2005 ObjectWeb
e-Government
Content
Valuable source of data
Proprietary
Software as a Service
Integration
Commodity Components
© 2005 ObjectWeb
From Business Model …
…To Business Ecosystem
The role of ObjectWeb
Consortium
in Middleware Commoditisation
© 2005 ObjectWeb
Open Source as Business Strategy
If you have no chance to be #1,
use Open Source to commoditize competition
⊳
⊳
⊳
⊳
⊳
Apache HTTP Server vs. Microsoft IIS
MySQL vs. Oracle
Tomcat vs. BEA WebLogic
JOnAS vs. IBM WebSphere
Eclipse vs. Visual Studio
But Get Ready to Win on Upper Layers!
⊳ Don’t forget where the value is!
 e.g. IBM & Open Source
The Future Belongs to whom can Master Connectivity
⊳ XML/RPC, SOAP, Web Services: Dave Winner, MS & IBM,
OASIS
⊳ AMQ & JPMorgan Chase & Co.
⊳ OpenAdaptor & Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein
© 2005 ObjectWeb
Different “Go To Market”
CLASSIC
“Resellers”
⊳Redhat, Novell/SUSE,
MandrakeSoft/Connectiva
⊳MySQL, Jboss,
SourceLabs, GlueCode
⊳O’Reilly
⊳Sun, Ilog
Services
⊳System Integrators: Bull
Services, IBM, Cap Gemini,
Atos Origin, etc.
⊳Hosting
⊳« On Demand »
Innovative
Products
⊳TIVO (Philips, Sony etc.)
⊳Alcatel OmniPCX
On Line
⊳SMS: Jabber & France Telecom
⊳Massiv
distributed game middleware for
multiplayer online games
⊳SourceForge, CollabNet
VoIP
⊳Asterisk
Voicemail services with Directory,
Call Conferencing, Interactive Voice
Response, Call Queuing, three-way
calling, caller ID services, ADSI, SIP,
H.323, MGCP , SCCP/Skinny
⊳http://www.voip-info.org/
© 2005 ObjectWeb
Business Models
Conservation of “Attractive Profits” (Christensen)
⊳ At any given point in time, not all
7 Business Models
Commoditized
Opportunities
the value stack is commoditized
⊳ Balance between open source
and proprietary
⊳ Transient and permanent
windows of opportunity
Emerging
⊳ Patronage e.g. research centers
⊳ Optimization e.g. niche, close-source vendor
⊳ Dual licensing e.g. niche, open source vendor
⊳ Consulting e.g. architects, training
⊳ Subscription e.g. Linux distributions
⊳ Hosted e.g. users, ASPs
⊳ Embedded e.g. integrators, hardware manufacturers
Most Often, a Blend of 2+ Models
Adoption
© 2005 ObjectWeb
Another Path for Business World
Sustainable Development & Business Ecosystem
Research
publications
Funded R&D
Projects
Higher-education
courses
Shared R&D
Effort
Open-source
branding
Beta-test
feedback
Real-world
use-cases
Architecture
Expertise
IT Publication
& Training
ObjectWeb Consortium
Open-source
Components
Product
think-tank
opportunities
Developer
Center
Promotion
& Coordination
Business
Network
Market
Trends
Professional
Services
Proprietary
Products
© 2005 ObjectWeb
Ecosystem: Definition
A Business Ecosystem is “an economic
community supported by a foundation of
interacting organizations and individuals - the
organisms of the business world. This economic
community produces goods and services of value
to customer, who themselves are members of the
ecosystem.”
The Death of Competition - Leadership and Strategy in the Age of Business
Ecosystems by James F. Moore - Harper Business, New York, 1996
A Software Ecosystem is “a set of software
producers and consumers that share resources
(development, support, marketing, etc.) to
develop, maintain and promote a common
software solution for their mutual benefit”
© 2005 ObjectWeb
Nash Equilibrium & ObjectWeb:
the Perfect Match
The mission of ObjectWeb is to
develop industry grade open source
middleware, to nurture the associated
code base, to foster cooperation
among its members, and to help foster
a vibrant eco-system for the
exploitation of its middleware code
base.
$
Software
Demand
Profit
Cost
1
Mkt size
Nash eq.
Quantity
© 2005 ObjectWeb
ObjectWeb’s Model
From a Producer Perspective
Accommodate Profitable Business Models
⊳ to address
⊳
 High risk, low ROI for vendors
 Rapid obsolescence & reluctance to commoditization
to keep
 Creation of value
 Unbiased competition, differentiated offers
Rationalize Software Development
⊳ to address
⊳
 Software oversupply
 Poor perceived value
to keep
 Open Source best practices, creativity and quality
Leverage the Potential of Collaboration
⊳ to address
⊳
 Monopoly market
to meet
 Business expectations & requirements of mainstream
enterprises & governmental organizations
© 2005 ObjectWeb
ObjectWeb’s Model
From a Consumer Perspective
Governance & Quality
⊳ Who formalizes & solidifies Open Source
Process?
Stability, Liability and Welfare
⊳ Open Source individuals can’t offer this!
Legal Structure
⊳ With Open Source, you “ deal with a web
page ”!
Marketing & Communication.
⊳ Open Source don’t have MarCom!
© 2005 ObjectWeb
Business Ecosystem
Competition & Complimentarity
Industry players « breed », live, die
The ecosystem remains
Case Study
HOWL
Neogia
LongTeng
End users
Application Server
End
users
End users
(1,000s companies)
© 2005 ObjectWeb
«Consider ObjectWeb when looking for a single source for a comprehensive
set of open-source middleware and development tools».
Yefim Natis, VP Distinguished Analyst, Gartner, November 2004
Air France - www.airfrance.com
Argia - www.argia.fr
Atos Orgin - www.atos.com
BULL - www.bull.com
CEA - www.cea.fr
Charles University Prague - nenya.ms.mff.cuni.cz
Cap Gemini - www.capgemini.com
CNAF - www.caf.fr
Code Lutin - www.codelutin.com
Cotranet - www.cotranet.com
Dassault Aviation - www.dassault-aviation.com
eMAXX - www.emaxx.nl
Erlang Projects- www.erlangprojects.org
Eteration - www.eteration.com
eXo platform - www.exoplatform.org
ExperLog - www.experlog.com
France Telecom - www.francetelecom.com
Funambol - www.funambol.com
Groupe des Ecoles des Télécom.- www.gettelecom.fr
I3S/CNRS - www.i3s.unice.fr
IMAG/LSR - www-lsr.imag.fr
INRIA - www.inria.fr
iProfs - www.iprofs.nl
LIBeLIS - www.libelis.com
Librados, inc. - www.librados.com
LIFL/USTL - www.lifl.fr
Linagora - www.linagora.com
LIP6 - www.lip6.fr
Lynx SARL - www.lynxonline.com
MandrakeSoft - www.mandrakesoft.com
MySQL - www.mysql.com
NEC Soft, Ltd. - www.necsoft.co.jpindex_e.html
Open Wide - www.openwide.fr
Red Hat - www.redhat.com
ScalAgent - www.scalagent.com
SourceBeat - www.sourcebeat.com
Sysdeo - www.sysdeo.fr
SUSE LINUX - www.suse.com
Ministère de l’ Intérieur - www.interieur.gouv.fr
THALES - www.thalesgroup.com
Together Teamlösungen. - www.together.at
XQuark Group - www.xquarkgroup.com
Yangfan Soft - www.yangfansoft.com
© 2005 ObjectWeb