Transcript STREAMING SERVERS

STREAMING
SERVERS
Presented By:
Joy Chakraborty
Martin Stavrev
1
OVERVIEW
 What
is ‘Streaming’
 Why Use Streaming?
 Streaming Technologies
 Streaming Products
 Windows Media Technologies
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WHAT IS STREAMING ?
 Method
of making audio, video and
other multimedia available in real-time
over the Internet or corporate intranets
 Streaming ensures no download wait
 No files to take up space on your hard
disk.
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STREAMING MEDIA
 Streaming
technology is not new
 It
has been around since the inception of
the radio (1897). We just called it
broadcast.
 Streaming
media is content that
contains audio, video and other media
types.
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WHY USE STREAMING ?
 Streaming
video can be used for live or
recorded events
 Provides truly interactive, on-demand
audio and video
 No need for time taking downloads
 Corporate communications and training
5
CURRENT ISSUES
 The
Internet was not designed for real
time streaming.
 Limited bandwidth, latency, noise, &
packet loss
 Retransmission and out of order packet
delivery
Continued….
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CURRENT ISSUES
 Live
or on-demand streaming is a time
critical application
 Sensitive to the variation in delay
inherent in a shared access network like
the Internet
 Majority of end users access the
Internet over very narrowband dial up
links
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THE ‘streaming’ SOLUTION
 Streaming
uses ‘Buffering’
 Buffering irons out the natural traffic
variations inherent on the Internet.
 Streamed broadcast starts to play at the
same time as more content is being
downloaded
 Media file can be of any length and can
run over Internet bandwidths
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THE STREAMING MODEL
 The
components of an end to end
streaming system are:
 Client
(Media Player)
 Streaming Server
 Streaming Media Production Tools
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STREAMING
TECHNOLOGIES

Unicast


Broadcast


A separate copy of the data is sent from the
source to each client that requests it.
A single copy of the data is sent to all
clients on the network
Multicast

sends a single copy of the data to those
clients who request it.
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UNICAST
 The
bulk of the traffic on today's
networks is unicast
 A separate copy of the data is sent
from the source to each client that
requests it
 Unicast wastes bandwidth by
sending multiple copies of the data
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BROADCAST
A single copy of the data is sent to all
clients on the network
 Broadcast wastes bandwidth by sending
the data to the whole network whether
or not the data is wanted
 Broadcast slows client machine - each
client must process the broadcast data
whether or not the broadcast is of
interest

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MULTICAST
 Multicasting
sends a single copy of
the data to those clients who
request it
 Multicasting takes the strengths of
unicast and broadcast and avoids
their weaknesses
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MULTICAST
 No
matter how many connections,
there's still only one connection at the
server.
 With multicasting, the client must notify
the server that it wishes to receive the
multicast stream, eliminating the
capability of on-demand content
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MULTICAST

Comparison of network load per client when
unicasting an 8-Kbps PCM audio stream and
multicasting the stream
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THE MBONE
Internet Multicast Backbone
 Most widely known and used multicast
enabled network
 A virtual network consisting of those
portions of the Internet, sometimes
called multicast islands, on which
multicasting has been enabled

Continued….
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THE MBONE
MBone has been in place since 1992
and has grown to more than 2000
subnets.
 Has been used to multicast live audio
and video showing Internet Engineering
Task Force conferences, NASA
astronauts working in space, and the
Rolling Stones in concert.
 MBone has successfully demonstrated
the practicality and utility of using
multicasting to send multimedia across
the network.

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MULTICAST ISLANDS AND
TUNNELS

Multicasts that must travel across areas of the
Internet that are not yet multicast-enabled are
sent as unicasts until they reach the next
multicast enabled island.
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HOW MULTICASTING
WORKS
Multicasting follows a push model of
communications
 The user is simply instructing the
computer's network card to listen to a
particular IP address for the multicast.
 Multicast addresses are Class D IP
addresses ranging from 224.0.0.0 to
239.255.255.255
 The computer originating the multicast
does not need to know who has decided
to receive it.
Continued…
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
HOW MULTICASTING
WORKS
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MULTICASTING
REQUIREMENTS
Clients must have a way to learn when
a multicast of interest is available.
 Clients must have a way to signal that
they want to receive the multicast.
 The network must have a way to
efficiently route data to those clients
who want to receive it.

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ANNOUNCING
MULTICASTS
Multicasts are announced in advance so
that clients know when a multicast is
available
 On the MBone, multicasts are typically
announced using the Session
Description Protocol (SDP)
 The announcement information is
multicast to a well-known IP address
and port where clients running the
session directory tool receive this
information

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JOINING MULTICAST
GROUPS
 To
signal that they want to receive
a multicast, clients join the group
to which the multicast is directed.
 The Internet Group Management
Protocol (IGMP) handles this task
 Groups are dynamic: clients can
join or leave at any time
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MULTICAST GROUPS

When a client joins a group, it initiates
two processes



First, an IGMP message is sent to the
client's local router to inform the router that
the client wants to receive data sent to the
group
Second, the client sets its IP process and
network card to receive the multicast on the
group's address and port
When a group has no members, it
ceases to exist on the network,
releasing network bandwidth.
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MULTICAST ROUTING
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STREAMING PRODUCTS
 Quicktime
(Apple)
 RealMedia (Real Networks)
 Windows Media Services (Microsoft)
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QUICKTIME
 Mature
technology (Developed 1991)
 Mac OS, but Darwin Streaming Server
available for other platforms.
 Open Plug-in Feature (3rd party codecs)
 MPEG 1 and 4
 Quicktime 5 (beta) – support for
immersive virtual reality
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REAL MEDIA
 70%
Market Share (Installed on 90%)
 SureStream Technology - adjusts the
streamed data rate to suit the client's
connectivity (Intel partner)
 Supports SMIL
 RealServer (25 users free)
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WINDOWS MEDIA SERVICES
 Free
with Windows 2000 Server
 Relatively new
 Proprietary ASF codec, MPEG4, SMIL
 Intelligent Streaming
 Microsoft Media Server (MMS), HTTP
protocol
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WINDOWS MEDIA
TECHNOLOGIES
 Internet
broadband-ready platform for
the creation, distribution, and playback
of digital media files.
 Newest
version of the industry's leading
digital media platform
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COMPONENTS
 Windows
Media Player
 Windows Media Services
 Windows Media Encoder
 Windows Media Format
 Windows Media SDK
 Windows Media Rights Manager
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WINDOWS MEDIA
SERVICES
 Used
to host media files to be streamed
over the internet/intranet
 A digital media platform that offers
employees, partners, and customers
exceptional scalability, reliability, and
quality
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WINDOWS MEDIA
SERVICES FEATURES

Most Scalable


Uses Windows NT Server multithreading
and processor support to allow for
maximum scalability. Pentium II system can
support over 2000 28.8 Kbps connections
Provides freely available tools for
independent organizations to document
concurrent streams delivered on one
machine
Continued….
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WINDOWS MEDIA
SERVICES FEATURES
 Most


Reliable
Tight integration between Windows Media
Services and Windows 2000 creates the
most reliable streaming platform
ZD Labs reported that Windows Media
Services delivered 26 billion packets of data
with 99.9999999% accuracy over more
than 12 days of continuous streaming of
over 2,400 broadband streams.
Continued….
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WINDOWS MEDIA
SERVICES FEATURES

Highest Quality Output




Windows Media Services supports the
industry-leading Windows Media format
Only video codec that offers near-DVD
quality video at as low as 750 Kbps
The Windows Media audio format, which
offers CD-quality audio at 96 Kbps
The revolutionary Windows Media Screen
codec, which offers exceptional
reproductions of computer screen
movement at resolutions as high as 800 ×
600 and data rates as low as 22 Kbps.
Continued….
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WINDOWS MEDIA
SERVICES FEATURES
 Highest


Return On Investment
Windows Media Services are built directly
into Windows 2000 Server, offering
complete integration with corporate
infrastructure
No additional per-stream or per-seat
licensing is required for Windows Media,
thus minimizing deployment costs
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STREAMING CONTENT
SETUP

Basic steps for creating and hosting
streaming content using Windows
Media Technologies:
1.
Encoding Windows Media Files
Hosting Encoded Content
2.
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WINDOWS MEDIA FILES

Format created by Microsoft for authoring,
storing, editing, distributing, streaming, and
playing multimedia content
 Designed specifically to stream the content
over networks, like the Internet
 Highly flexible format that can be used for
streaming audio, video, slide shows, and
synchronized events
 Windows Media Format enables content to
be delivered to end users as a continuous
flow of data
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ENCODING WINDOWS
MEDIA FILES
 Windows
Media file may be created
from a .wav, .avi, or .mp3 file
 Windows Media file can also contain
JPEG or .bmp image
 Source Files may be PowerPoint
Presentation slides
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ENCODING TOOLS
 Media
On-Demand Producer (Microsoft)
 Windows Media Encoder
 Windows Media Author
 Free with Windows 2000 Server
 SMIL creation
 Convert .wav, .avi, or .mp3 to Windows
Media file format (.asf, .wma, .wmv)
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CONTENT HOSTING
 Two
Choices of hosting:
 On
 On
a Web Server
to Windows Media Server
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WEB SERVER HOSTING

Creating and hosting Windows Media
metafiles - a metafile is needed for each
Windows Media file.
 A Windows Media metafile is a small text file
that contains the URL of a Windows Media
file.
 Adding links to the metafiles from a Web
page - each link points to the metafile for a
Windows Media file instead of directly to the
file.
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WEB SERVER HOSTING
 Windows
Metafile Example:
<ASX version="3">
<Entry>
<ref HREF="Path/File.asf" />
</Entry>
</ASX>
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WEB SERVER HOSTING
PROBLEMS
 Web
Server not designed for streaming
media files.
 Playback can be interrupted by periods
of buffering.
 Cannot stream files that have been
encoded with multiple bit rates.
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WINDOWS MEDIA SERVER
HOSTING
 If
you require higher quality and better
server resource utilization, it makes
sense to host your content on a
dedicated Windows Media server.
 Copy the Windows Media files to the
ASFroot directory, and copy the
metafiles to the Web server
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WINDOWS MEDIA SERVER
HOSTING
 Windows
Media Services can stream
two types of content:
 Broadcast
and
 On-demand.
 Delivered
to clients with a unicast
connection
 Broadcast content can also be delivered
with a multicast connection
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CONTENT VIEWING

Windows Media Player can play back audio
and video content the same whether a file is
on a Windows Media server, a Web server, a
network server, or a local hard disk
 A Windows Media server is designed to
handle busy, congested networks and lowbandwidth connections to client computers
running Windows Media Player.
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WINDOWS MEDIA PLAYER
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ADVANTAGES

Stream through most firewalls
 Indexing - provides end users with a means of
fast-forwarding and rewinding through a file
that is being streamed
 Stream content with Digital Rights
Management - Windows Media Rights
Manager - distribute licensed digital media over
the Internet with superior audio quality.
 Windows Media security - Security features
can be used to limit access to media on a
Windows Media server
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ADVANTAGES

Live Streaming - Playback of a broadcast
stream is controlled at the point where the
stream originates and includes live streaming
 Intelligent streaming - interaction between a
Windows Media server and Windows Media
Player to optimize the stream for the current
available bandwidth
 Administering and logging - control how a
Windows Media server manages live content
and files and monitor overall system activity in
real time, log files
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ADVANTAGES

Best-of-breed Multicast and Server
Administration - easy-to-use server administration with
extensive wizards that guide the user through procedures, such
as setting up a multicast, monitoring a server, or switching
between multiple live sources.

Support for Advanced Applications and PayPer-View (PPV) - Includes pre-built and documented
interfaces to Site Server Ad Server, Site Server Commerce
Server, and Site Server Membership server. This functionality is
the core of pay-per-view and dynamic ad-insertion applications
of streaming media on the Internet.
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THE FUTURE
 High
bandwidth connections will make
streaming more popular.
 Guaranteed Quality of Service over IP
will improve streaming quality.
 The streaming model will be used more
widely to provide multimedia content.
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CONCLUSION
 Streaming
media is the future of online
entertainment.
 Low cost way to deliver interactive
multimedia.
 Windows Media Services: a
comprehensive suite for streaming.
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RESOURCES
 http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default
.asp?url=/library/enus/dnwmt/html/contcreation.asp?frame=
true
 http://www.publicsource.apple.com/proj
ects/streaming/
 http://www.cultivate-int.org/issue4/video/
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RESOURCES
 http://www.microsoft.com/windows/wind
owsmedia/en/overview/default.asp
 http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default
.asp?url=/library/enus/dnwmt/html/webserver.asp
 http://www.zdnet.com/sp/stories/issue/0,
4537,2471928-4,00.html
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RESOURCES
 http://www.nwfusion.com/research/strea
ming.html
 http://www.microsoft.com/windows/wind
owsmedia/en/support/faq_strm.asp
 http://www.broadcastengineering.com/ht
ml/2000/august/features/streamMedia_
0800.htm
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RESOURCES
 http://www.savetz.com/mbone/
 http://www.cis.ohio-
state.edu/~jain/cis788-97/ip_multicast/

http://www.real.com
 http://www.opensource.apple.com/proje
cts/streaming
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LOG ON
http://130.182.215.66/index.html
In the Linux Lab
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