Transcript Information Appliances and Personal Information Devices

Gadgets,
Things, and
A Glimpse of the Future
Introduction
• Driven by advances in
• Electronics,
• Information Systems Science and
Engineering,
• The evolution of multimedia
information and communication
technology is manifesting itself in
an explosion of
• Information Appliances, including
Personal Information Devices, and
• Associated Services.
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These devices support a wide range of
ultimedia applications in communications,
entertainment, commerce, education, and
remote control.
In fixed, portable, and mobile environments.
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Enabling Technologies
ELECTRONICS
COMMUNICATIONS
DIGITAL
TECHNOLOGY
HARDWARE
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SOFTWARE
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Moore’s Law
• Moore's Law, a driving force in integrated
circuit design first described by Intel cofounder Gordon Moore in 1965. Moore's
observation states that the number of
transistors fabricated on an integrated
circuit doubles every 18 to 24 months.
• Solid-state microelectronics has followed
that performance curve for more than 40
years, but as conventional transistors
approach 30 nanometers, they will become
extremely expensive to produce.
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Notes on Moore’s Law
• Using nano-imprint lithography and their
technique for depositing molecular mono
layers, scientists from HP Labs hope they
will be able to fabricate and demonstrate
crossbar circuits with wire-to-wire
separation of less than 30 nanometers.
• That would yield a switch packing density
approximately 120 times greater than
present-day integrated circuits .
• I think we've picked a winner — something
that will allow Moore's Law to continue for
another half century," Williams [of HP Labs]
says. "I used to think that was impossible.
Now I think it is inevitable."
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Quantum Communications
• IBM scientists have discovered a way to transport
information on the atomic scale that uses the
wave nature of electrons instead of conventional
wiring.
• The new phenomenon, called the "quantum
mirage" effect, may enable data transfer within
future nanoscale electronic circuits too small to
use wires.
• IBM's new quantum mirage technique may prove
to be just such a substitute for the wires
connecting nanocircuit components.
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Physicists Establish “Spooky" Quantum Communication
• Physicists at the University of Michigan have
coaxed two separate atoms to communicate with
a sort of quantum intuition that Albert Einstein
called "spooky."
• In doing so, the researchers have made an
advance toward super-fast quantum computing.
The research could also be a building block for a
quantum internet.
• Scientists used light to establish what's called
"entanglement" between two atoms, which were
trapped a meter apart in separate enclosures
(think of entangling like controlling the outcome
of one coin flip with the outcome of a separate
coin flip).
9/16/2007 10:27:25 PM http://nanotechwire.com/news.asp?nid=5035
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• A paper on the findings appears in the Sept. 6
edition of the journal Nature.
• According to Professor Christopher Monroe, the
principal investigator :
• “This linkage between remote atoms could be the
fundamental piece of a radically new quantum
computer architecture"
• “Now that the technique has been demonstrated,
it should be possible to scale it up to networks of
many interconnected components that will
eventually be necessary for quantum information
processing."
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ITU Predictions: 2005
Early forms of ubiquitous information and
communication networks are evident in the
widespread use of mobile phones: the number
of mobile phones worldwide surpassed 2 billion
in mid-2005.
“The Internet of Things” is the seventh in the series of ITU Internet
Reports originally launched in 1997 under the title “Challenges to
the Network”.
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ITU Internet Reports 2005: The Internet of Things
• “A new dimension has been added to the
world of information and communication
technologies (ICTs): from anytime, any
place connectivity for anyone, we will now
have connectivity for anything.”
• We are standing on the brink of a new
ubiquitous computing and communication
era, one that will radically transform our
corporate, community, and personal
spheres.
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ITU Internet Reports 2005: The Internet of Things
• Connections will multiply and create an
entirely new dynamic network of networks
– an Internet of Things.
• The Internet of Things is neither science
fiction nor industry hype, but is based on
solid technological advances and visions of
network ubiquity that are zealously being
realized.
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ITU Internet Reports 2005: The Internet of Things
“The Internet of Things is a technological
revolution that represents the future of
computing and communications, and its
development depends on dynamic technical
innovation in a number of important fields,
from wireless sensors to nanotechnology.”
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• Today, developments are rapidly under
way to take this phenomenon an
important step further, by embedding
short-range mobile transceivers into a
wide array of additional gadgets and
everyday items, enabling new forms of
communication between people and
things, and between things themselves.
• First, in order to connect everyday
objects and devices to large databases
and networks – and indeed to the
network of networks (the internet) – a
simple, unobtrusive and cost-effective
system of item identification is crucial.
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• Only then can data about things be
collected and processed. Radiofrequency identification (RFID) offers
this functionality.
• Second, data collection will benefit
from the ability to detect changes in
the physical status of things, using
sensor technologies. Embedded
intelligence in the things themselves
can further enhance the power of the
network by devolving information
processing capabilities to the edges of
the network.
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• Finally, advances in miniaturization
and nanotechnology mean that
smaller and smaller things will have
the ability to interact and connect.
• A combination of all of these
developments will create an Internet
of Things that connects the world’s
objects in both a sensory and an
intelligent manner.
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What Are “Things”?
• Gadgets
• Gadgets have become an integral and
intimate part of everyday life for many
millions of people, even more so than the
internet.
• OK, but what are “Gadgets”?
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Gadgets and Gizmos
• From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
• A gadget is a device that has a useful specific
purpose and function. Gadgets tend to be
more unusual or cleverly designed than
normal technology.
• A gizmo is a gadget with moving parts.
• For example, a nifty digital watch would be a
gadget, while an analog watch would be a
gizmo.
• In contrast, a device of clever design that has
no practical purpose is called a novelty item.
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Wikipedia: Examples of gadgets
MP3 players
Can opener
Electric Toothbrush
Mini Vac
Blender
The Clapper
Swiss Army Knife
Remote control device of any sort (car starter, TV
remote, garage door opener, etc.)
• Cordless mouse
• Sonic screwdriver
• Any device that talks, like a calculator or clock
•
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What Are Things?
 Computers – fixed, portable, mobile;
 Cell phones, digital cameras, personal digital
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assistants, pocket PCs;
Games, iPods, talking books, and DVD
players;
Wireless homes and offices;
Smart appliances; remote sensors and
control, RFIDs;
Mobile devices that use services such as
GPS, digital maps and IVR;
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Handheld Devices and Gadgets
Transistor Radio – AM/FM - Walkman
CB Radios/GRS Family Radios
Cell Phones – Cordless Phones
Pagers - Instant Messaging - eMail
Calculator: 4-function -> Scientific
PDA – calendar, address book - Pocket PC
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TV Remote Control - Garage Door Openers
Home Automation – Lights, HVAC, Alarms,
Irrigation
Digital Cameras - Printers
Video Cameras – tape – CD – DVD
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Home Entertainment Centre
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Cable or Satellite Delivery
HDTV
Flat Screen Presentation
Personal Video Recorder
Linked to Internet
• Music downloading
• Pay-per-View
• Games
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Inside The Everything Conceivable & Then Some Device
Cell Phone
Radio
WLAN Radio
Bluetooth
Radio
WiMAX
Radio
GPS Radio
Cellular
Processor
802.11
Protocol
802.15
Protocol
802.16
Protocol
GPS
Processor
Digital
Camera
Camera
Processor
IVR
MP3 Audio
Codec
H.264
Video Codec
Graphics
Processor
MPEG Codec
RAM Memory
Removable
Memory
Power
Supplies
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Battery
Charger
GRS Radio
Video
Screen
Digital
Signal
Processor
PC/PDA
Buttons
USB Port
LEDs
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Keypad
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Underlying Technology
• Information Processing
• hardware and software
• Storage
• capacity and speed
• Communications
• bandwidth and ubiquitous accessibility
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Hardware and Software
• Hardware
• Processor Power
• Quad Core
• 64 – bit CPU’s
• Processing Speed
• Software
• Software Power
• Java, .NET
• Service Oriented Architecture
• Applications Oriented Architecture
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Memory
• Memory
• Size – the 4 Gbyte PC
• Speed
• Portability – Hand held mobility
• USB Stick – the 4 GB stick
• iPod
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Communications
• Ubiquitous Access and Connectivity
• Broadband Wired and Wireless Access
• The Internet
• Common bases for all communications
• Standards
• Universal Addressability
• IP Networks
• Voice
• Image
• Video
• Data
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Addresses - IPv6
• IPv4 supports 4.3×109 (4.3 billion) addresses,
which is inadequate for giving even one address to
every living person, much less support the
burgeoning emerging market for connective
devices.
• IPv6 supports 3.4×1038 addresses, or 5×1028 (50
octillion) for each of the roughly 6.5 billion people
alive today, or almost 57 billion addresses for each
gram of matter in the Earth.
• Note: statements that IPv6 provides enough
address space to give an address for each atom in
the universe or even for each atom on Earth are
exaggerated. However, the average person could
address each atom in their body.
From :Wikipedia
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Basic Functionality: Telematics
A & D I/O
Communications
Processor
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Where Are We?
Essentially, we have the ability to
communicate information
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of any form,
to anyone,
anywhere,
at any time
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Societal Impact of the Internet & Cell Phones
• No person is a stranger to any other,
or to any event.
• Harder or easier to control the crowd?
• Universal access to information of all
kinds - some good, some bad.
• Why learn fundamentals when one can
look up the answer to any specific
question?
• Basis for the ultimate democracy, mind
control or merely mindless games,
pornography and entertainment?
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IPTV - Key New Technology
• Digital, Broadband Communications
• 4-5 Mbps downstream
• 1.5 Mbps upload)
• Delivering
• Multimedia Services
• Audio - Telephone
• Video - TV
• Data – email, messaging, ISP
• To the Home
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Dedicated to Tomorrow
Check out the Tomorrow Project
http://www.tomorrowproject.net/pub/
1__GLIMPSES/Globalisation/-1288.html
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Media & Technology: How will global communications impact people’s lives?
• The world's richer people increasingly live in a
•
•
•
•
media cocoon...
The physical economy is being supplemented by
an online economy...
The information economy is being transformed
into a social economy...
Mass media is evolving into personalised media...
Off-line concentrations of power are being
replicated online...
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What might be the implications?
http://www.tomorrowproject.net/pub/1__GLIMPSES/Globalisation/-1290.html#A-1290:1
• Communication technologies will propel us into
the virtual economy...
• Communications technologies will continue to
increase sociability...
• Communication technologies could help to change
what it means to be human...
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Coping
• How do we cope with the pace, complexity
and impact of all this new technology?
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Abstraction: Dealing with Progress
A wise man once told me that mankind
has always had to deal with this
question and that:
“Our knowledge migrates to our tools,
and we deal with the world at higher
and higher levels of abstraction”.
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More recently from The Internet of Things
• “Over a decade ago, the late Mark Weiser
developed a seminal vision of future
technological ubiquity – one in which the
increasing ‘availability’ of processing
power would be accompanied by its
decreasing ‘visibility’.
• As he observed, “the most profound
technologies are those that
disappear…they weave themselves into
the fabric of everyday life until they are
indistinguishable from it”.
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Some other views of what is going on
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IBM
The Technology
Business Benefits
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Key Factors Driving Adoption
Social
 Wireless Generation
 Working patterns
 Social acceptance
Devices
 Capacity (OS, Storage,
Battery life…)
• Moore’s Law
 Horizontal and open
standards client
architectures
 Emergence of new
devices class
• Sensors, RFID tags
 Friendly user interfaces
Access Technologies
 Standards increasingly
data friendly
• 2.5/3G
• Packet vs. circuit switched
• Always-on
 Reduced cost of data/flat rates
• “all you can eat”
 Nationwide coverage
& roaming
 Emergence of “Public Access”
and “Citywide Networks”
Enterprise IT Environment
 Pervasive Content
 Horizontal and open standards middleware architectures
 e-business on demand / Utility computing
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Provide optimized access seamlessly to user or machine over any network
Personal Space
(Office, Briefcase,
Person, Broadband)
On-Campus / Public
(Office, SOHO,
Airport, Hotel, Coffee
Shop, Broadband)
PAN
LAN
Bluetooth
Feet to 10's of feet
WLAN 802.11X
(10’s, 100’s of feet)
City, Community
(Last Mile, Remote
Coverage, Fixed and
Mobile Broadband)
MAN
WMAN 802.16, 802.20,
Ad-hoc, Beam Forming
WAN
Cellular/Satellite
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Ultra Low Power and Long Range
capable Wireless solutions provider
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Coronis
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• Industrial Automation
• Telemetry – wireless
sensors
(gas, pollution, proximity,
...)
• Payment (terminals,
electronic wallet, public
transportation)
• GTC - Signalization (lights,
public info, city irrigation )
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Medical
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Telemedicine – Home Care
Social alarms
Laboratories
Institutions (clinics,
retirement houses)
• Medical devices
•
•
•
•
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Comfort - Domotics
• Automatic apertures
• Alarms (intrusion, fire)
• HVAC monitoring (cooling,
heating)
• Metering – Fluids & energy
• Lighting
• Irrigation
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Building Automation - GTC
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•
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•
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Access control (lock-unlock)
HVAC monitoring (cooling, heating)
Alarms
Metering
Energy management
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In-Wall Touchscreen
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Catalogs: http://www.coolest-gadgets.com/
CG Forums (*New*)
Audio/Video Gadgets (717)
iPod gadgets (214)
CES 2007 (52)
Childrens Gadgets (95)
Conceptual Gadgets (141)
Cool Clocks (89)
DIY Gadgets (38)
Drinking Gadgets (100)
Electronic Gadgets (817)
Gadget Gift Ideas (90)
Gadget Reviews (49)
Gadget Thumbs (117)
Gaming Gadgets (204)
GPS gadgets (13)
Home Gadgets (733)
Garden Gadgets (75)
Home Automation (61)
Kitchen Gadgets (134)
Medical Gadgets (3)
Miscellaneous Gadgets (1006)
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Mobile Phones (211)
Office Gadgets (28)
PC Gadgets (665)
Software (121)
USB Gadgets (250)
Pet Gadgets (42)
Photography (73)
Retro Gadgets (35)
Robot Gadgets (68)
Site News (55)
Solar Powered Gear (47)
Sport (136)
Football Gadgets (17)
Golf Gadgets (28)
Spy Stuff (99)
Tech News (330)
Toys (283)
Remote Control Toys (65)
Vehicle Gadgets (224)
Wacky Gadgets (619)
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Software Gadgets
• Microsoft Gadget Gallery
• http://microsoftgadgets.com/Gallery/#Page1
• http://gallery.live.com/
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Thank you
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