Transcript JANET Network Access and Last-mile Technologies

Terena Networking
Conference 2003
JANET Network Access
& Last Mile Technologies
James Sankar
UKERNA
21 May 2003
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Contents
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The JANET Network Access Area.
Review of the JANET ADSL Trial.
JISC / UKERNA Two-Way Satellite Trial Update.
UKERNA Wireless Activities.
Other Network Access Activities.
Network Access Users.
Relevance to European NRENs
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What are Network Access
Technologies?
Often referred to as:
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Local Loop.
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Last Mile.
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First Mile.
Defined as the network between you (end site) and the local
exchange/hub/base station.
Types of technology
–
xDSL, Satellite, Fixed Wireless, Cable Modem, IP over Power,
Fibre to the Home/Building.
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Why Network Access?
• Changes in Teaching & Learning environments
– Move to the home & workplace learning.
– More distance learning.
– Emergence of “virtual and managed learning environment service
providers – e.g. Learndirect.
• Changes in local loop provision
– Unbundling of the local loop.
– Provision of a variety of competitive broadband type services.
Result:
• Increased demand for local loop “broadband” access to
– Main campuses and other academic sites via JANET.
– Learning material and Virtual & Managed learning environments.
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JANET Network Access
Two complementary areas
– Network Access Technologies
• Direct connection to JANET.
• Access to JANET via the commercial internet.
– Location Independent Networking
• Mechanisms to make network access simpler for people who
move around and between campuses.
• This area is not access technology specific and would involved
both wired and wireless access.
More details about JANET Network Access are available at
http://www.ja.net/development/network_access/index.html
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ADSL
Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)
– Part of xDSL family.
– Asymmetrical – low uplink & high downlink rates
– Segments frequencies over existing copper wires to carry voice
and data simultaneously.
UK Weaknesses
UK Strengths
– Dedicated “Always on” connection.
– Standards based.
– Flexible product options.
– Competitively Priced.
– Assumes high networking knowledge.
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– Limited range (up to 5.5 Km).
– Limited access to 66% of UK pop.
– Dominant Supplier.
– Contended service.
– Increased hacking risk as “always on”.
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JANET ADSL Trial
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Trial objectives
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Feasibility assessment of a JANET ADSL service.
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Investigate the service delivery / support implications.
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Identify ADSL connectivity performance issues.
Background
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The six-month trial began in May 2002.
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UKERNA purchased a direct connection between JANET and
British Telecom.
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23 off campus learning centres have ADSL connectivity directly
to JANET and the Internet thereafter.
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JANET ADSL Trial
Network Topology
2Mbit/s
155Mbit/s
JANET
Network
BT IP
Network
RADIUS
Authentication
Server
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downstream
256Kbps
Campus/End user
upstream
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JANET ADSL Trial
Key points
• Limitations noted in BT approved ADSL routers.
• “Wires Only” with local support recommended.
– An easier provisioning process.
– End site must purchase and configure own router.
• Wireless 802.11b & ADSL
– works well.
• VPN over ADSL
– difficult to configure.
• The trial service will close at the end of May 2003.
– Competitively priced products meet the needs of the JANET community,
therefore the UKERNA trial service will not migrate to a full service.
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Two-way Satellite
• Features
– Two-way satellite connectivity to the Internet.
– Asymmetric - different download and upload speeds.
• Strengths
– 100% coverage across the UK.
– Flexible range of product options.
• Weaknesses
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Expensive (resulting in limited bandwidth).
Latency(>750ms round trip time) not for real time apps.
Network contention.
Data throughput limits with some services.
May not be suitable in extreme weather conditions.
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JISC / UKERNA
Two-way Satellite Trial
• 12-month Satellite Trial
• Connecting remote and rural areas across the UK.
• Three satellite platforms being trialled
– SES ASTRA - BroadBand Interactive - for supporting nine
small LANs.
– SATLYNX - Gilat - for supporting seven small user groups and
individuals.
– Hughes Network Systems Europe – Bridge BroadBand
Enterprise Server - Connecting one large campus that has up to
150 PCs.
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Trial Activities
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•
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UKERNA to trial
Content Delivery and
H323
videoconferencing
over BBI
Sourhope to trial
Voice Over IP over
BBI
UHI trialling a 5 site
VPN over BBI
Both BBI and Gilat
systems deployed in
rural & remote areas
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JISC / UKERNA
Satellite Trial
BBI Ground
station at
Betzdorf,
Luxembourg
Gilat Ground
station at
Backnang,
Germany
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Satellite Trial
BBI and Gilat technical specifications
Terminal Type
Gilat 180
ASTRA BBI
Standard
Proprietary
EMS 2000
Transmit Power
1Watt
1 Watt
Transmission Freq
Ku Band
Ka Band
Maximum Transmit
Bandwidth
150 Kbits/s
384 Kbits/s
Receive Frequency
Ku Band
Ku Band
Maximum Receive
Bandwidth
500 Kbits/s
2048 Kbits/s
Antennae Size
65cm x 90 cm
75 cm
Max No of PCs
4 PCs
13 PCs
Applications
Supported
Email Web FTP
Email Web FTP, VPN
PN Citrix, IPSec
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Two-way satellite trial
– Current status (April 2003)
• BBI and Gilat satellite platforms
– Network performance statistics for BBI and Gilat satellite
platforms are updated each month, these are available at
http://www.ja.net/development/network_access/satellite/acti
vity1/results.html
• Cornwall College – Duchy Campus
– A Bridge Broadband package utilising Hughes Network
Systems Europe technology to support up to 150 PCs has
been installed on Friday 9th May 2003.
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BBI satellite results
A Graph showing the Round Trip Ping Times for 8 BBI sites
2400
2100
On the BBI platform the router at the hub on the
London ATM link failed and was replaced, all traffic
was re-routed via the Frankfurt ATM link. Service ran
slow and it was restored by 7.30 pm
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12
1800
10
1500
8
1200
6
900
4
600
300
2
0
0
Max BBI
Average BBI
Min BBI
Sites that did not "ping"
Note: UKERNA site
excluded as ping times
to itself equalled zero
ping time
2/2
2/26
2/27
3/81
3/2
3/3
3/4
3/5
3/6
3/7
3/8
3
3/1/9
3/10
3/11
3/12
3/13
3/14
3/15
3/16
3/17
3/18
3/29
3/20
3/21
3/22
3/23
3/24
3/25
3/26
3/27
3/28
3/39
3/30
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Time (milliseconds)
2700
On the BBI platform the router at
the hub at Betzdorf failed
Number of non-operational sites
3000
Time (days)
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Gilat satellite results
A Graph showing the Round Trip Ping Times for 5 Gilat sites
On the Gilat platform an unauthorised and unknown
8 Mbits/s carrier was found to be transmitting on the same
frequency at the two-way terminals obscuring transmissions.
Average Gilat
Min Gilat
2700
2400
12
2100
1800
10
1500
8
1200
6
900
4
600
2
0
0
2/2
6
2/2
7
2/2
8
3/1
3/2
3/3
3/4
3/5
3/6
3/7
3/8
3/9
3/1
0
3/1
1
3/1
2
3/1
3
3/1
4
3/1
5
3/1
6
3/1
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3/1
8
3/1
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3/2
0
3/2
1
3/2
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3/2
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3/2
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3/2
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3/2
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3/2
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3/3
0
3/3
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300
Time (days)
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Number of non-operational
sites
Sites16
that did
not "ping"
14
3000
Time (milliseconds)
Max Gilat
UKERNA Wireless Access
• Wireless Networks Survey
– UK Survey of Fixed and Mobile wireless activities in the academic
community completed.
http://www.ja.net/development/network_access/wireless/uk_activities/
• JANET Wireless Advisory Group.
– First meeting scheduled for the end of May 2003. The aim of the
group is to recommend suitable wireless technologies to trial, and
produce a strategic framework for these trials to take place.
http://www.ja.net/development/network_access/wireless/wag/tor.html
• Terena Mobility Task Force.
– Active participation in task force activities
http://www.terena.nl/tech/task-forces/tf-mobility/
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Other Network Access Activities
Tracking and where appropriate, a feasibility study
of
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IP over Power
Cable Modem
Fibre to the Home / Building
Mesh Radio
Mobile 3G / UMTS
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Network Access Users
• Futures
• Current Focus
– Connecting scattered pieces
of campus
• off campus learning
centres.
• Student residences.
• Manageable & Scalable
– Works well as UKERNA
liaise with its JANET
Connected Organisations
that provide localised
support.
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– Individual Learners
(demand increasing here)
• Staff
• Students
• Issues
– JANET Acceptable Use
Policy & T&Cs...
– Content Filtering issues
– AAA & Security issues
– Payment of Services
– Technical Support issues –
where is the demarcation
line?
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Working with European NRENs
• NREN Collaboration
– Where NRENs have already deployed similar trial activities, many
have documented lessons learned online, technical experts should
be encouraged to
• Actively collaborate with other NRENs to discuss and resolve
technical issues
• Exchange results / documentation on proposed plans and results for
comment
– The end result is a richer, value added and value for money
approach to NREN technical developments.
• Examples
– Terena Task Forces (e.g. Mobility), IP Telephony cookbook, TF
Next Generation Networking, Internet2, 6NET, SEQUIN…
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Summary
• UK Network Access
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Many network access technologies available.
Prices becoming more competitive.
No single technology solution for all.
A mix of technologies needed to meet local needs.
• Many issues to consider when determining network
access technology choice(s)
– User and their needs, Security, AAA, Bandwidth, Contention,
Latency, & Cost.
• Location Independent Networking
– A necessity to exploit Network Access Technologies.
• NRENs
– NREN collaboration is an invaluable resource that should not be
underestimated in the development of technical projects.
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Futures
• AAA issues
– Need resolving to enable the support of a variety of network
access technologies and secure access to applications and content.
• Location Independent Networking
– Enabling transparent access from a “guest” institution to either (1) Internet
or (2) secure “home” institution access.
• Bundled network access solutions
– Combined NICs supporting both wired and wireless (DSL / Cable Modem /
802.11b / GPRS/ UMTS) - auto detect to select based on user profile.
• Rural broadband connectivity
– Network access must be developed to offer similarly priced service
packages for both rural and urban areas.
• Network Access solutions for individual users
– Need to consider and overcome support issues for individual learners needs.
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Thank you
&
Questions
Contact Details:
Email: [email protected]
Telephone: +44 (0)1235 822 223
Website:
http://www.ja.net/development/network_access/index.html
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