Transcript The Impact of the Columbian Exchange

Bellringer
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Grab a book from the shelf
Turn in your homework to the homework bin
On a piece of paper that will go in the classwork section of your notebook:
Write down the unscrambled word and quickly write down how it relates
to exploration.
Example- AD MAAG1. Da Gama- from Portugal, route to India
1. AKEDR
3. ASCOMPS
5. LLGAMEAN
7. INPCER YHENR
9. LLAMS OXP
11. YROVI
2. ZEORTC
4. IERARCT
6. TIACITHRISNY
8. ASPIN
10. LACAVRAL PIHS
12. LODG
Bad Joke of the Day: What do termites eat for breakfast?
Announcements
 Notebook Check next Tuesday/Wednesday
 You need to know where everything is in your
notebook.
 All assignments need to be done.
 Worth 100 points!
 Test next Tuesday/Wednesday too!
Objectives
 Students will know
 The Columbian Exchange and its 5 effects
 Students will understand
 The global exchange of goods between the Old
World and the New World led to an increase in the
money supply and a change in the way Europe
spent and handled money
 Students will be able to
 Apply their knowledge of the Columbian
Exchange to modern food items
THE IMPACT OF THE COLUMBIAN
EXCHANGE
1st: European Plantation Systems in
the Caribbean and the Americas
destroyed the indigenous (local)
economies and damaged the environment
 Europeans didn’t give
the land enough time
to recover between
plantings, leaving it
unusable.
 Slash and burn
techniques
2nd: Capitalism
 Before, only churches and governments had
an opportunity to invest and become
wealthier.
 Now individuals could become wealthy by
investing and selling products
 Merchants grew wealthier
3rd: Joint Stock Companies
 Definition: individuals each put in a
percentage of the cost associated with
colonizing and plantation work
 Helped to protect the investor
4th: Slavery
 European colonists did not have enough labor
to grow and export their cash crops so they
began importing slaves from Africa.
 Slavery based on race
5th: Commercial Revolution
 European countries fought for markets,
colonies, and resources
 A new economic system emerged:
Mercantilism
 Definition: the idea that a country’s power is
determined by its wealth
 A colony existed to support the mother country
and had to send all its resources (gold, silver,
cotton, sugar…) back to help make the mother
country
 New money and banking systems were created
Processing
 How is investing in a joint stock company
safer for your money than investing in a
colony all by yourself?
 How were the original 13 colonies before the
Revolution in the United States an example of
mercantilism?
Bellringer
 Please answer the following questions on a
piece of paper that will go in your classwork
section of your notebook (you can use the
back of the one from last class)
 1. What was the Columbian Exchange?
 Give 3 examples of items that came from the Old
World to the New
 Give 3 examples of items that came from the New
World to the Old
 2. What is mercantilism? What role to
colonies play in mercantilism?
Objectives
 Students will be able to identify the major
characteristics of the beginnings of slavery in
Africa as well as discuss the effects of a focus
on mining on the European Economy.
Schedule
 Tuesday/Wednesday:
 Age of Exploration Test
 Thursday/Friday
 Columbian Exchange Project due
 Bring in 1 dish for extra credit!
 Notebook Check
Slavery in Africa
1. As Islam spread in Africa, so did the use of
slaves. African rulers justified enslavement
with the Muslim belief that non-Muslim
prisoners could be bought and sold as
slaves.
2. Some slaves were prisoners of war, some
were kidnapped, and some were traded.
3. Slaves that remained in Africa did have
some rights . Slavery was not hereditary in
Africa.
4. Sugar plantations and tobacco farms
required a huge supply of workers.
Europeans planned on using American
Indians, however, millions died from disease
and warfare.
5. In the late 1400s, Europeans began to look
to Africa for slaves to meet their labor
shortage needs.
Why people wanted African
Slaves
 1st: had built up immunity to diseases
 2nd:had farming and plantation experience
 3rd: had little knowledge of America and had
no family or other tribes to hide with
6. By the time slavery ended, 9.5 million slaves
had been sent overseas
7. Spain, Portugal, and other European nations
also used African slaves.
8. Slaves were transported using the Triangle
Trade system, which connected Europe,
Africa, and the Americas.
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Products traded: cotton, rum, slaves, gold,
silver, sugar, manufactured goods
Rum, sugar,
corn
Manufactured
goods
Slaves, gold,
ivory
9. Slaves crossing the Atlantic Ocean to
America travelled “the Middle Passage.”
i.
Around 20% of slaves crossing it died due to
disease and inhumane conditions.
Exporting Precious Metals
 Mining precious metals was a huge
achievement for man
 Majority of gold came from Africa
 Majority of silver came from present-day
Bolivia and Mexico. Japan also mined silver.
 Metals were exported to Europe and Asia.
 Spain was one of the first nations to discover
silver mines in South and Central America.
 In the 1600s, Spain experienced a steady
growth in their population
 Spain had more people, so they needed more
food. HOWEVER, they focused on mining silver
instead of growing food. As a result, they didn’t
have enough food for everyone.
 Spain now had to charge more money for food
to feed everyone, so their prices were a lot
higher than those of other countries
 The raising of prices because there is a high demand
but you lack supplies is called inflation.
 People bought from countries with cheaper food
prices before they bought from Spain. This meant
that Spain wasn’t making any money
 Spain’s inflation spread throughout Europe.
 Between the 1500s and 1600s, Europeans saw all
their prices go up sharply
 This hurt people earning a fixed amount, because
their money wasn’t worth as much anymore.
Processing
 Describe why Europeans wanted African
slaves instead of American Indians.
 Why was the trip that the slaves took from
Africa to America called the Middle Passage?
 How could focusing on mining gold and silver
hurt a European country like Spain?
Conclusion of the Age of
Exploration
 Europeans went exploring in search of ______________, to
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spread _____________________, and to earn
_________________ for themselves and their country.
Once Europeans found new worlds, they forced their culture and
their ways of life on the natives living there, including
_________________, _______________, and farming.
The Columbian Exchange brought many new _____________ to
the Americas and Europe but also spread ___________________
that killed many of the American Indians.
Because the Indians were dying, the Europeans needed a new
labor source for their farms and mines. They brought in
__________________ to do this work in the Americas.
The new sources of money in Europe brought about a
Commercial Revolution and the system of
______________________, which meant that a country earns its
power from how much money it has.