Transcript TCP/IP in the Windows Environment

Chapter
TCP/IP in the Windows
Environment
© N. Ganesan, Ph.D. , All rights reserved.
Chapter Objectives
Module
TCP/IP Properties in Windows
© N. Ganesan, Ph.D. , All rights reserved.
IP Options
• Dynamic IP
• Static IP
TCP/IP Properties in Windows
• IP address
• Subnet mask
• Gateway
• DNS configuration
• WINS configuration
• Advanced
Accessing TCP-IP Properties
• Control panel
• Network connections
• Network properties
• TCP-IP properties
+
IP Address Configuration
• An IP address can be manually
configured
– A subnet mask value also needs to be
configured
• Or, the IP address may also be
dynamically obtained from a DHCP
server
Frequently Set Parameters
• In most cases, IP address, subnet mask,
Gateway and DNS are parameters that must
be configured
• If WINS resolution is required, it also needs
to be configured
• The remaining advanced settings such as
multiple IP addresses etc. are often left
unchanged at their respective default values
unless there is an explicit need to do so
Gateway Address Specification
• A gateway address must also be
specified to the router for routing a data
packet leaving a subnet
• The fist gateway address specified will
be the default gateway
DNS Configuration
• The address of a domain server
configured for resolving domain names
must, in general, be specified
• There can be more than one domain
servers specified
– The first server would become the primary
server
– The second server would become the
secondary server etc.
WINS Configuration
• If WINS resolution is required, the
address of a WINS server configured
for the said resolution must be specified
• More than one WINS server may exist
– The first server would become the primary
server
– The second server would become the
secondary server etc.
Multiple IP Addresses
• One reason for assigning multiple
addresses to a NIC is to enable the
hosting of multiple virtual web sites on
a single server
• Also, there can be multiple NICs each
with its own IP address
– Most laptops have a wired and wireless
network card
Other Reasons for Multiple NICs
• Load balancing
• Fail over
• To configure the server as a router
• To connect to different networks
Multiple Gateways
• The first address represents the primary
gateway
• The second address represents the
secondary gateway etc.
• The search is performed in the order in
which the addresses are specified
Note on Domain Suffix Search
Order
• Suffixes to domain name may be entered
• Suppose that calstatela.edu is entered as the
suffix
• In this case, if the address is entered solely as
“ganesan” at the browser address bar, the
suffix of calstatela.edu would be added to
form the FQDN as ganesan.calstatela.edu to
locate the web site
Registering the Client/Server in the
DNS
• When a new computer is attached, it
could be automatically registered in the
DNS
WINS Address
• Used for Windows name resolution
• Name of a primary and a secondary
WINS server can be provided, for
example
Enabling DNS for Windows
Resolution
• Provided for the use of DNS host names
and FQDNs with applications that
would otherwise expect a NetBIOS
names
• Enables the resolving of domain names
in a manner similar to resolving
NetBIOS names
Enabling LMHOSTS Lookup
• Supports the presence of a local LMHOSTS
file
• The file has mappings of NetBIOS names to
IP addresses
• This static file is locally created and stored on
the local host
• An LMHOSTS file may also be imported from
another host or from a folder in the local
machine
– Note: There is usually a location specified for the
LMHOSTS file
– In the case of Windows, it s c:\Windows
Enabling TCP/IP Security
• Applies to incoming data
• It can be configured separately for each
of the NICs
• Security can be imposed on the traffic
governed by the following protocols
– TCP,UDP and IP
• Security is imposed based on port
numbers
End of Module
END OF CHAPTER