Transcript Document
Using Virtualization in the Classroom Using Virtualization in the Classroom Session Objectives • Define virtualization • Compare major virtualization programs • Define virtualization terminology • Discuss virtualization benefits • List requirements of virtualization • Demonstrate the use of virtualization (Note that the presentation used at the conference contains a number of Flash movie demonstrations) What is Virtualization? • Allows multiple operating systems to run on the same physical computer at the same time • A software environment that emulates a computer’s hardware and BIOS • Virtual machine software creates this environment Virtual Machine Software • In this presentation, I will discuss: • VMWare Workstation • Microsoft Virtual PC • Microsoft Hyper-V (briefly) • Other products not discussed • Parallels (Mac) and VMWare Fusion (Mac), VirtualBox (open source) What Does Virtualization Look Like? Running Windows 7 in VMWare on a Vista Host Running Windows 2000 in Microsoft Virtual PC on a Vista Host Virtualization Terminology • Host machine or host computer • The computer on which the virtual machine software is installed (Virtual PC or VMWare, e.g.) • Virtual machine (VM) or Guest OS • The operating system that runs in virtual machine software on the host computer • Comprised primarily of a configuration file and one or more virtual hard drive files Virtualization Terminology (cont’d) • Virtual disk • One or more files that reside on the host computer that make up the VM’s hard disk • Virtual network • The network configuration used by the VM • Options include: bridged, host only, NAT and none • VMs behave like just another computer on the network Virtualization Terminology (cont’d) • Snapshot • A partial copy of a VM at a particular moment in time. Allows you to ‘go back’ to the VM at that particular state. Some programs allow saving multiple snapshots. Virtualization Benefits • Teach multiple operating systems with a single host computer • Students can ‘own’ their VM while having minimal access to the host computer • Multiple VMs can run simultaneously on one host, networked and all (for example, a client and a server or two servers) Virtualization Benefits (cont’d) • Easy maintenance and testing • VM won’t boot or got deleted or corrupted? Copy another one. • Snapshots allow unlimited ‘try this…’ scenarios with a quick return to the system state before you ‘tried it’. Virtualization Benefits (cont’d) • Run multiple versions of software • Teach Office 2007 while previewing Office 20xx by using two different VMs. • For programming and database; write an application in one version and easily test on another version Virtualization Benefits (cont’d) • Isolate your OS from the campus network and host computer • For programming and networking, run services and write software which might normally interfere with the host computer or the campus network Virtualization Requirements • Supported host operating system (Windows XP Pro, Vista, Server 2003/2008, Linux) • Sufficient RAM on your host computer to accommodate the host OS and the guest OSs you wish to run • Sufficient CPU power • Sufficient hard drive space to accommodate the stored VMs Virtualization Recommendations • Minimum 1 GB RAM, 2+ GB recommended for Vista and Server 2008 virtual machines • Minimum 3.0 GHz P4, recommended 2.4+ GHz dual-core CPU • Separate hard drive (80 GB+) for the VMs VMWare • VMWare was the first serious virtualization software • Around since mid-90s • The leader in server and desktop virtualization VMWare (cont’d) • Free products • VMWare Player – runs existing virtual machines but cannot create a new VM • VMWare Server – can create and run VMs; better suited for low-end server applications VMWare (cont’d) • VMWare Workstation • Flagship desktop product • Create and run VMs • Import VMs (including physical to virtual) • Has all of the bells and whistles including unlimited snapshots, screen capture to create movies, jpgs • Costs: $189 retail VMWare (cont’d) • VMWare Academic Alliance • Free to join – fill out an application online • Unlimited VMWare Workstation licenses for classroom use VMWare VM on the Host Hard Drive Microsoft Virtual PC • Virtual PC purchased by Microsoft around 2005. • A basic desktop virtualization program • No bells and whistles compared to VMWare • Works well but not as flexible as VMWare • Current version is Virtual PC 2007 • Free to download Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V • Hyper-V is Microsoft’s newest virtualization product • Meant to compete with VMWare’s server virtualization products • Excellent performance and reliability • Comes with Windows Server 2008 • Server 2008 may become my next desktop OS Networking with Virtual Machines • Virtual Machine Networking • Each VM has its own virtual network adapter (NIC) • Multiple network adapters are possible • Several modes for the virtual network • • • • Bridged NAT/Shared Local/host only None Networking Modes • Bridged networking • The VM acts like any other computer on the network • Each VM network adapter gets its own IP address and physical address • VMs can communicate with other VMs and other physical computers on the network including the Internet • Most flexible configuration Networking Modes (cont’d) • Network Address Translation (NAT)/Shared Networking • VM ‘shares’ IP address with host computer • Host computer acts like router/firewall • VM can access other computers on the network including the Internet • Other computers cannot access the VM directly • More secure configuration than bridged • Won’t work if the VM is to be a server Networking Modes (cont’d) • Local/Host only networking • VMs can communicate with only other VMs (Virtual PC) or other VMs and the host PC (VMWare) • No communication with other physical computers or the Internet • Ideal for doing activities that might interfere with the classroom network Networking Modes (cont’d) • No network connection • Most secure configuration • Best when no interaction with other computers, including the host, is desired VMWare/Virtual PC Comparison • VMWare Workstation Pros • • • • • • Better Linux support USB device support Multi-CPU support VM Teams Snapshots Better guest OS documentation • VMWare Workstation Cons • $189 license without membership • More features mean more complex user interface VMWare/Virtual PC Comparison (cont’d) • Virtual PC Pros • Free to download – no membership required • Simple user interface • Virtual PC Cons • Skimpy documentation • No USB device support • Fewer advanced features Links and Such • VMWare • www.vmware.com • Academic program http://www.vmware.com/partners/academic • Virtual PC • http://www.microsoft.com/windows/products/winfamily/v irtualpc/ • Comparison VMWare/Virtual PC • http://www.petri.co.il/virtual_vmware_virtualpc_compare d.htm • Comparison VMWare/Virtual PC/Parallels/VirtualBox • http://www.wilderssecurity.com/archive/index.php/t168825.html The End Questions and Answers Thanks for coming!