Transcript Document

Using Virtualization in the
Classroom
Using Virtualization in the Classroom
Session Objectives
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Define virtualization
Compare major virtualization programs
Define virtualization terminology
Discuss virtualization benefits
List requirements of virtualization
Demonstrate the use of virtualization
What is Virtualization?
• Allows multiple operating systems to run
on the same physical computer at the
same time
• A software environment that emulates a
computer’s hardware and BIOS
• Virtual machine software creates this
environment
Virtual Machine Software
• In this presentation, I will discuss:
• VMWare Workstation
• Microsoft Virtual PC
• Microsoft Hyper-V (briefly)
• Other products not discussed
• Parallels (Mac) and VMWare Fusion (Mac),
VirtualBox (open source)
What Does Virtualization Look Like?
Running Windows 7 Beta in
VMWare on a Vista Host
What Does Virtualization Look Like?
This page shows a Shockwave Flash movie in the
live presentation. Not included here.
Running Windows 2000 in Microsoft Virtual
PC on a Vista Host
Running Windows 2000 in Microsoft Virtual
PC on a Vista Host
This page shows a Shockwave Flash movie in the
live presentation. Not included here.
Virtualization Terminology
• Host machine or host computer
• The computer on which the virtual machine
software is installed (Virtual PC or
VMWare, e.g.)
• Virtual machine (VM) or Guest OS
• The operating system that runs in virtual
machine software on the host computer
• Comprised primarily of a configuration file
and one or more virtual hard drive files
Virtualization Terminology (cont’d)
• Virtual disk
• One or more files that reside on the host
computer that make up the VM’s hard disk
• Virtual network
• The network configuration used by the VM
• Options include: bridged, host only, NAT
and none
• VMs behave like just another computer on
the network
Virtualization Terminology (cont’d)
• Snapshot
• A partial copy of a VM at a particular
moment in time. Allows you to ‘go back’ to
the VM at that particular state. Some
programs allow saving multiple snapshots.
Virtualization Benefits
• Teach multiple operating systems with a
single host computer
• Students can ‘own’ their VM while having
minimal access to the host computer
• Multiple VMs can run simultaneously on
one host, networked and all (for example, a
client and a server or two servers)
Virtualization Benefits (cont’d)
• Easy maintenance and testing
• VM won’t boot or got deleted or corrupted?
Copy another one.
• Snapshots allow unlimited ‘try this…’
scenarios with a quick return to the system
state before you ‘tried it’.
Virtualization Benefits (cont’d)
• Run multiple versions of software
• Teach Office 2007 while previewing Office
20xx by using two different VMs.
• For programming and database; write an
application in one version and easily test
on another version
Virtualization Benefits (cont’d)
• Isolate your OS from the campus
network and host computer
• For programming and networking, run
services and write software which might
normally interfere with the host computer
or the campus network
Virtualization Requirements
• Supported host operating system
(Windows XP Pro, Vista, Server
2003/2008, Linux)
• Sufficient RAM on your host computer to
accommodate the host OS and the guest
OSs you wish to run
• Sufficient CPU power
• Sufficient hard drive space to
accommodate the stored VMs
Virtualization Recommendations
• Minimum 1 GB RAM, 2+ GB
recommended for Vista and Server
2008 virtual machines
• Minimum 3.0 GHz P4, recommended
2.4+ GHz dual-core CPU
• Separate hard drive (80 GB+) for the
VMs
VMWare
• VMWare was the first serious
virtualization software
• Around since mid-90s
• The leader in server and desktop
virtualization
VMWare (cont’d)
• Free products
• VMWare Player – runs existing virtual
machines but cannot create a new VM
• VMWare Server – can create and run VMs;
better suited for low-end server
applications
VMWare (cont’d)
• VMWare Workstation
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Flagship desktop product
Create and run VMs
Import VMs (including physical to virtual)
Has all of the bells and whistles including
unlimited snapshots, screen capture to
create movies, jpgs
• Costs: $189 retail
VMWare (cont’d)
• VMWare Academic Alliance
• Free to join – fill out an application online
• Unlimited VMWare Workstation licenses
for classroom use
VMWare Demonstration
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live presentation. Not included here.
VMWare VM on the Host Hard Drive
Microsoft Virtual PC
• Virtual PC purchased by Microsoft around
2005.
• A basic desktop virtualization program
• No bells and whistles compared to
VMWare
• Works well but not as flexible as VMWare
• Current version is Virtual PC 2007
• Free to download
Microsoft Virtual PC
Demonstration
This page shows a Shockwave Flash movie in the
live presentation. Not included here.
Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V
• Hyper-V is Microsoft’s newest
virtualization product
• Meant to compete with VMWare’s
server virtualization products
• Excellent performance and reliability
• Comes with Windows Server 2008
• Server 2008 may become my next
desktop OS
Hyper-V Demonstration
This page shows a Shockwave Flash movie in the
live presentation. Not included here.
Networking with Virtual Machines
• Virtual Machine Networking
• Each VM has its own virtual network adapter
(NIC)
• Multiple network adapters are possible
• Several modes for the virtual network
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Bridged
NAT/Shared
Local/host only
None
Networking Modes
• Bridged networking
• The VM acts like any other computer on
the network
• Each VM network adapter gets its own IP
address and physical address
• VMs can communicate with other VMs and
other physical computers on the network
including the Internet
• Most flexible configuration
Networking Modes (cont’d)
• Network Address Translation
(NAT)/Shared Networking
• VM ‘shares’ IP address with host computer
• Host computer acts like router/firewall
• VM can access other computers on the
network including the Internet
• Other computers cannot access the VM
directly
• More secure configuration than bridged
• Won’t work if the VM is to be a server
Networking Modes (cont’d)
• Local/Host only networking
• VMs can communicate with only other VMs
(Virtual PC) or other VMs and the host PC
(VMWare)
• No communication with other physical
computers or the Internet
• Ideal for doing activities that might interfere
with the classroom network
Networking Modes (cont’d)
• No network connection
• Most secure configuration
• Best when no interaction with other
computers, including the host, is desired
VMWare/Virtual PC Comparison
• VMWare Workstation Pros
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Better Linux support
USB device support
Multi-CPU support
VM Teams
Snapshots
Better guest OS documentation
• VMWare Workstation Cons
• $189 license without membership
• More features mean more complex user
interface
VMWare/Virtual PC Comparison (cont’d)
• Virtual PC Pros
• Free to download – no membership
required
• Simple user interface
• Virtual PC Cons
• Skimpy documentation
• No USB device support
• Fewer advanced features
Web Links
• VMWare
• www.vmware.com
• Academic program
http://www.vmware.com/partners/academic
• Virtual PC
• http://www.microsoft.com/windows/products/winfamily/virtual
pc/
• Comparison VMWare/Virtual PC
• http://www.petri.co.il/virtual_vmware_virtualpc_compared.ht
m
• Comparison VMWare/Virtual PC/Parallels/VirtualBox
• http://www.wilderssecurity.com/archive/index.php/t168825.html
The End
Thanks for coming!