Transcript Time Synchronization - European Emergency Number 112

Emergency Operations Need
Synchronized Time
Ilan Havered, Vice President
Hard Problems in Public Safety
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Critical need for better collaboration (post 9/11)
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Critical need for faster responses
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Company Confidential
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Regionally: Katrina
Locally: heart attack victims (cardiologists reducing benchmarks for time to
diagnosis and treatment)
Disaster planning: secondary center, command vehicles, virtual PSAP
(back-up and redundancy)
Heightened public visibility and expectations, media scrutiny
Litigation (records accuracy)
In-bound 911 calls (data) coming in many ways
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Interoperability: Local PD, FD, 911; State; DHS, DoD
Traditional: Voice, TTY/TTD, Multi-lingual
Current: Wireless Phase 1, Phase 2; Telematics
Next: VoIP, Text, Chat, Pictures, Video…
Consolidation of PD, FD, EMS dispatching centers
Network convergence, next-gen PSAP
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Example of a ‘No-No’
• Physical Security system
says “12:22:29”
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• Display Clock says “12:16”
• Which one is correct
(A medical center’s Public Safety Center)
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Public Safety Time Synchronization
• Two most important issues for PSAP calls include:
• Consistency
• Credibility of the time stamp attached to each of the
9-1-1 event records
• Accurate time stamps for:
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• Event reconstruction
• Process improvement
• Legal evidence of emergency response times for court
• Using a legally traceable time reference (master
clock/time server) provides this for the PSAP and its
Public Safety partners (EOC, PD, FD, EMS….)
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Synchronizing Critical OperationsTM
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• Key Processes Needing Synchronization:
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Call taking and recording
Dispatching
Referrals – handoffs to other centers
Advanced EMS over the phone
Incident command & coordination - NIMS
Coordination with Federal including DHS and DoD
Personnel shift changes
Database backups
Scheduled maintenance such as Back-up Generator
PSAP security systems recording of video
Quality metrics, process improvement, training
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Heightened Public
Awareness
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An inmate was dying. A delayed call to
PSAP was made to 10-digit PSAP Number.
“One of the still-unanswered questions is the timing of when help
was summoned. It would appear that as much as seven minutes may
have elapsed after Smith began convulsing and before the Monroe
County Emergency Communication Department received the call.
But the discrepancy between what police say was an ‘immediate’
call to 911 and what emergency records show could be explained by the
agencies involved using different clocks.”
—Monroe County, Rochester, NY
The PSAP had time synchronization. The jail now has time
synchronization.
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Time is Unambiguous
• Time has been measured astronomically - forever
• Therefore 1 second = 1/86,400 of a day
• Defined as GMT by “treaty of the meter” with 24 time zones offsets so
noon is always mid-day
• By international treaty in 1972, the definition of official worldwide
time changed to UTC
• Atomic properties of the cesium-133 atom
• 1 second = 9,192,631,770 cycles of an energy transition
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• Maintained by BIPM (France)
• Contributed to by NMIs (NIST in USA)
• UTC is absolute: the same no matter where you are located
• Suppose the UTC is now 00:2:00
• I know the UTC offset for New York is -5 (plus any seasonal adjustment)
• Therefore, it is 21:00:00 in New York
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Company Confidential
Time Accuracy
10,000 sec/day
1-10 sec/day
0.5 sec/day
10 nanosec/day
0.1 nanosec/day
Regulations and best
practice requirements
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Time Synchronization
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Master Clock
Authority
Device Clock
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Master Clock Synchronization
Authority
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GNSS
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In the North America GPS is the
standard for providing legally
traceable time
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Accurate
Reliable
Redundant
Available everywhere
Traceable
Dial-up
Services
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Dial-up service is a reliable back-up to
GNSS or as primary in cases where GNSS
deployment is impossible
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Urban canyon applications
Reliable
Available in other countries as ITU-R
services
Traceable
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Long distance call
Device Clock Synchronization
Network Management
Legacy Infrastructure
DHCP
Server
Legacy
Computer
Syslog
Server
Alarms
LDAP or
RADIUS
Server
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Recorders
Next GenDevices
Infrastructure
Network
Network Time Protocol (NTP)
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Company Confidential
Evolution of the Network-Centric NetClock
8182 NetClock/2
8183 NetClock
9183 NetClock
9283 NetClock
WWVB master clock
GPS master clock
Built-in NTP
DHCP
Serial timecodes
Add-on NTP time server
Web UI
Pv6
IRIG
Frequency output
SSL/SSH
NTPv4
SNMPv3
Syslog
CE
RADIUS/LDAP
IPSec
UL
IP Capable
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Company Confidential
Public Safety Time Synchronization
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NENA PSAP Master
Clock Standard:
(04-002)
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Defines where time is
sourced from, how it
supports PSAP
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Time source must
provide CONTINUOUS
time data to ALL
equipment systems in
the facility, including
CAD, ANI/ALI,
Voice/Logging
Recorders, Radio
Consoles, etc.
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Master Clock Synchronizes all Electronic
Device Clocks
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ANI-ALI Controllers
Voice Logging Recorders
Radio Consoles
CAD Systems
Management Information
Reporting System
Emergency Notification System
Network Management System
Radio test equipment
Computer/Networks including:
email server, network router
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Wall Clocks
Time and Attendance System
PSAP Physical Security Video
Recorder (CCTV), Building
Access Control
Scheduled Fire Dept. “Noon
Whistle” via contact relay
connection
PBX Systems for tracking
administrative calls
Other departments or agencies
in the County, City, Borough,
Town, etc.
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All displaying the same time/date.
All logging the same time/date.
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PSAP Synchronized Communications Center
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GPS Master Clock
NetClock® Model 9283
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NENA Compliant
Back Panel
• GPS Input
• RS-232 Console Port
• (2) RS-232 Time Code Outputs
• (2) RS-485 Time Code Outputs
• For 9288, TimeView clocks
or TimeTap to RS-232
• (1) IRIG B/E output - Voice
Recorders
• (1) 10 MHz output – Calibration
Ref.
• (3) Alarm/Event Contact Relays
Front Panel
• 10/100BaseT Ethernet Port
• NTP timing
• Network management
• LEDs indicate Power, GPS status
• Dual front panel clocks / displays
Inside
• 12-channel GPS receiver
• Stratum 1 NTP Server
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• Oscillator options provide holdover